全球俯冲汇聚系统中，俯冲输入组分包括正常大洋板片以及具浮力的海底高原等正地形， 两者对俯冲带将产生迥异的地质效应，因此，深入开展海底高原与俯冲带相互作用研究对理解俯 冲带地球动力学过程和陆壳侧向增生等地质过程具有重要意义。系统总结了目前正处于一些关 键俯冲带处的典型海底高原的地质与地球物理特征，结合俯冲带特征及数值模拟成果，深入探讨 海底高原与俯冲带相互作用的地质效应。在俯冲带运动学和几何学方面，位于俯冲前缘的具浮力 的海底高原等正地形通常会抵制俯冲，并可能造成俯冲带后撤和俯冲极性反转并形成新的俯冲 带，甚至可能会终止俯冲并增生于成熟岛弧/陆壳边缘。然而，近来的研究显示，部分海底高原的俯 冲行为并没有终止，而是俯冲角度变缓呈现平板俯冲的样式，从而造成俯冲带地区上覆板块的构 造缩短与增厚以及岩浆活动逐渐向板内迁移。在岩石地球化学方面，具富集地球化学特征的海底 高原的俯冲消减不仅影响着壳幔圈层相互作用过程、岛弧—弧后熔岩的地球化学组分以及俯冲带 地区热液矿床的形成，而且这些地质体的深俯冲也将对地幔不均一性的形成作出重要贡献。最 后，指出未来会在海底高原深部精细结构及演化，岛弧及弧后盆地对“海底高原—海沟”新俯冲构 造格局的地质响应，以及控制海底高原发生俯冲/增生的因素及其之间的定量关系等方面较大的发 展潜力。

In the global subduction systems, the subduction input includes normal oceanic slabs and some buoyant oceanic plateaus. Both of them will exert different geological effects on the subduction zone. Thus, performing the study on the interaction of oceanic plateau and subduction zone will be significant for understand the subduction zone geodynamics and the lateral accretion processes of continental crust. This study summarized the geological and geophysical characteristics of some typical oceanic plateaus that are currently closing to a subduction zone. These, combined with geological and geophysical features of adjacent subduction zones and some recent numerical simulation data, have been used to discuss the geological effects of the interaction between oceanic plateau and subduction zone. In the aspects of kinematics and geometry, buoyant oceanic plateaus can generally resist subduction, lead to subduction retreatment and reversal of subduction polarity, and thereby form a new subduction zone. The subduction process in some subduction zones will be terminated due to the arrival of oceanic plateaus, and the plateaus finally accrete to the mature arc/crustal margins and become part of continental crust. However, recent studies have shown that part of oceanic plateaus does not lead to the termination of the subduction process, but rather contribute to the occurrence of flat subduction, thereby result in tectonic shortening and thickening of the overlying plate in the subduction zone area, and the gradual migration of magmatic activity toward intraplate setting. Geochemically, these oceanic plateaus with enriched compositions will not only affect subduction zone lava geochemistry and the formation of hydrothermal deposits, but possibly contribute to the formation of mantle heterogeneity. Finally, this study put forward some key scientific issues on the interaction of oceanic plateaus with subduction zones, including the detailed crust/mantle structure of subduction zone, the geological and geochemical response of the island arc and backarc basin to the new subduction tectonic framework of “Oceanic plateau-Trench”, and quantitative correlations between the factors controlling whether plateaus are accreted or subducted remain unclear.