岩浆作用的物理过程研究进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1999.02.0153

地球科学进展 ›› 1999, Vol. 14 ›› Issue (2): 153 -158. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1999.02.0153

岩浆作用的物理过程研究进展

赖绍聪

西北大学地质系,陕西西安 710069

收稿日期:1998-06-10 修回日期:1998-10-19 出版日期:1999-04-01
通讯作者: 赖绍聪,男,1963年10月出生,副教授,从事造山带火山岩地球化学及岩石大地构造学的研究工作。
基金资助:
陕西省教委专项科研基金“秦岭造山带勉县—略阳地区蛇绿岩地球化学及超镁铁质糜棱岩型金矿床”(项目编号:PJ96220)和西北大学科研基金“大别山南缘随州—京山地区蛇绿混杂岩带火山岩同位素年代学及地球化学”(97NW23)资助。

ADVANCES IN THE PHYSICS PROCESS RESEARCH ON MAGMATISM

LAI Shaocong

Northwest University,Xi an 710069,China

Received:1998-06-10 Revised:1998-10-19 Online:1999-04-01 Published:1999-04-01

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概略地介绍了80年代以来硅酸盐熔体及硅酸盐晶—液悬浮体的密度、粘度、熔体结构、流体动力学等方面的研究动向,及其对岩浆作用、岩浆运移、岩浆侵位机制的动力学约束条件,硅酸盐熔体的结构是制约熔体粘度的主导因素,化学成分对熔体粘度的控制是通过改变熔体结构而实现的,粘度在一定程度上决定着岩浆的迁移、侵位和喷发方式。密度和浮力是岩浆上升侵位的重要约束,地壳是岩浆上升的一个密度过滤器,岩浆最终由于浮力的消失而停止上升。

关键词: 密度, 粘度, 熔体结构, 流体动力学, 岩浆作用

The newdevelopment and progress in density,viscosity,melt structure and fluid dynamics of the magmatic silicate melt-silicate crystal/liquid suspension are briefly summarized in this paper.Then the relationship and constrainting conditions between physical features ofthe magma andmagmatism,magma transport aswell asmagma emplacementmechanism are discussed in this paper.It is believed thatthe viscosityof silicate melt dependenton the characters of its chemical composition,however,the change of melt structure is the reason for the change of viscosity. The relationship between viscosity and chemical composition,actually,is the reflection of the relationship between viscosity and melt structure.In some degree the transport,emplacement and eruption pattern ofthe magmas are determined byviscosityofthe melt.In addition,the density and buoyancy are important constrainting conditions formagma ascending and emplacement.In fact,the earth s crust is a density filter for magma rising.Finally the magmas stop ascendingwhen the buoyancy disappears.

Key words: Density, Viscosity, Silicate melt structure, Fluid dynamics, Magmatism.

中图分类号:

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