梨树断陷营城组致密砂岩测井流体识别方法及其适应性分析

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2016.10.1056

致密砂岩储层具有低孔隙度、低渗透率的特征,储层中的流体对测井响应的贡献大大减小,流体识别及评价变得更加困难,迫切需要发展有效的测井解释方法。从梨树断陷营城组致密碎屑岩储层的地质特征研究入手,基于孔隙流体对测井数据的敏感性研究了测井曲线重叠法、声波测井与反演声波曲线重叠法、孔隙度差值与比值法、电阻率—孔隙度交会图法、正态分布法等多种流体识别方法,建立并优选了有效的测井流体评价方法,实现了对研究区油气层的定性识别。研究表明,上述方法均适用于研究区的流体识别,2种重叠法、孔隙度差值与比值法、电阻率—孔隙度交会图法更适用于天然气储层,孔隙度差值与比值法、电阻率—孔隙度交会图法、正态分布法更适用于油水储集层。利用上述方法对研究区目标井进行了测井资料精细解释,重新认识和评价储层,为油田勘探开发提供重要的决策依据与参考。

关键词: 致密砂岩, 流体识别, 孔隙度重叠, 适应性

Tight clastic reservoirs are characterized with low porosity and low permeability, which reduce contributions of reservoir fluids to geophysical logging responses, and it is more difficult to identify fluids of the reservoir. Therefore, it is necessary to study log interpretation and comprehensive evaluation methods for such clastic reservoirs. This study focused on geological characteristics of tight clastic reservoir of Yingcheng formation in Lishu Fault. Based on logs sensitivity to fluids, some fluid typing methods were discussed in detail, which included log curve overlap method, acoustic time overlapping method from density and neutron logs, porosity difference and ratio method, porosity-resistivity crossplot, normal distribution method, and other methods, and some effective fluid evaluation method were established and optimized. These above-mentioned methods were verified, which could achieve layer qualitative identification of tight sandstone in the study area. By contrast, two logs overlapping methods, porosity difference and ratio method, resistivity-porosity crossplot are more suitable for natural gas reservoirs, while porosity difference and ratio method, porosity-resistivity chart, normal distribution method are more suitable for oil and water reservoirs. The case study suggests that these methods be combined to archive more correct log interpretation in the study area, which provides important decision-making reference for oilfield exploration and development.

Key words: Tight sandstone, Fluid typing, Log interpretation, Lishu Fault.

中图分类号:

P618.130.2

图1 营城组孔隙度、渗透率直方图
(a)孔隙度;(b)渗透率

Fig.1 The porosity and permeability histograms of Yingcheng Formation
(a)Porosity;(b) Permeability

图2 SN139井测井曲线重叠法识别气层

Fig.2 Gas layer typing from logs curve superposition of Well SW139

图3 SN139井由中子、密度测井反演声波时差与声波测井曲线图差异识别气层

Fig.3 Gas layers identification from difference between acoustic log and inverted acoustic time from neutron log and bulk density log in well SN139

图4 利用三孔隙度差值与比值法识别流体性质(八屋营城组)

Fig.4 Three porosity difference and porosity ratio methods from acoustic time log,neutron log and bulk density log (Yingcheng Formation in Bawu Well Field)

图5 八屋井区营城组孔隙度—电阻率交会图

Fig.5 Fluids typing from porosity-resistivity crossplot of Yingcheng Formation in Bawu well field

图6 典型油层、水层、气层的P ^1/2频率图特征

Fig.6 Classical P ^1/2 frequency maps of oil, water and gas layers

图7 秦家屯井区SN148井测井解释成果

Fig.7 Log interpretation results of SN148 in Qinjiatun area

图8 秦家屯井区SN148井流体识别
(a) 孔隙度—电阻率法;(b) 孔隙度差法

Fig.8 Fluid typing of SN148 in Qinjiatun area
(a) Porosity-resistivity method;(b) Porosity difference method

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摘要

Logs Fluid Typing Methods and Adaptive Analysis of Tight Sandstone Reservoir of Yingcheng Formation in Lishu Fault