中国地表覆盖异质性参数提取与分析

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2016.10.1067

地球科学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (10): 1067 -1077. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2016.10.1067

中国地表覆盖异质性参数提取与分析

于文涛 ^1, ³(

), 李静 ^1, ^2,,A; ^*(

), 柳钦火 ^1, ², 曾也鲁 ^1, ³, 尹高飞 ^1, ³, 赵静 ^1, ², 徐保东 ^1, ³

1.中国科学院遥感与数字地球研究所遥感科学国家重点实验室,北京 100101
2.全球变化研究协同创新中心, 北京 100875
3.中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京 100049

收稿日期:2016-07-04 修回日期:2016-08-20 出版日期:2016-10-20
通讯作者: 李静 E-mail:1096392329@qq.com;lijing01@radi.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“非均质混合像元遥感反射波谱模型构建及叶面积指数反演方法研究”(编号:41271366);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目“复杂地表遥感信息动态分析与建模”(编号:2013CB733401)资助

Extraction and Analysis of Land Cover Heterogeneity over China

Wentao Yu ^1, ³( ), Jing Li ^1, ^2, ^*( ), Qinhuo Liu ^1, ², Yelu Zeng ^1, ³, Gaofei Yin ^1, ³, Jing Zhao ^1, ², Baodong Xu ^1, ³

1.State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
2.Joint Centre for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing 100875, China
3.College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2016-07-04 Revised:2016-08-20 Online:2016-10-20 Published:2016-10-20
Contact: Jing Li E-mail:1096392329@qq.com;lijing01@radi.ac.cn
About author:
First author:Yu Wentao(1995-), male, Wuhe County, Anhui Province, Master student. Research areas include LAI inversion methods of complex land surface.E-mail:1096392329@qq.com

*Corresponding author:Li Jing(1978-), female, Qiqihar City, Helongjiang Province, Associate Professor. Research areas include vegetation radiative transfer model and LAI inversion.E-mail:lijing01@radi.ac.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China “Construction of remote-sensed reflectance spectrum model and research on LAI inversion method over inhomogeneous mixed pixel”(No.41271366);The State Key Development Program for Basic Research of China “Dynamic analysis and modeling of remote sensing information over complex surface” (No.2013CB733401)

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地表异质性广泛存在于陆地表面各个尺度,是地表参数遥感反演不确定性的主要来源之一。基于高分辨率地表分类参考图,提取出低分辨率混合像元的端元数量和边界长度指标来描述地表异质性。然后以中国地区为例,使用全国30 m空间分辨率GlobalLand 30地表分类数据集提取出1 km尺度像元的描述混合结构和破碎程度的异质性指标。并基于提取出的异质性指标分析了中国区域在1 km尺度上非均质地表地物类型的组合特征、斑块特征和不同生态群系内部异质性特征。发现山地和生态交错区是主要的高异质性区域,稀树草原生物群系内部异质性最大(平均边界长度为7 426 m),其次依次为森林(4 323 m)、耕地/草地(3 160 m)和灌丛(1 779 m)。

关键词: 空间异质性, 地表参数反演, 地表分类图, 辐射传输

Spatial heterogeneity exists in land surface at every scale, and it is one of key factors to bring uncertainty to land parameter retrieval from remote-sensed data. This paper proposed a methodology to use the boundary length among different land cover types to characterize and quantify land surface heterogeneity based on high-resolution land cover images. Then the heterogeneity feature at 1 kilometer scale in China was extracted from “GlobalLand30” land cover datasets with the spatial resolution of 30 m. The mixed structure, degree of fragmentation and intra-heterogeneity of eight main vegetation biomes from MODIS land cover product over heterogeneous surface in china were analyzed. Mountain area and ecotone are more heterogeneous than other regions. Savanna biome (average boundary length is 7 426 meters) is the most heterogeneous zone followed by forest, grass/crop and shrub biome with average boundary length of 4 323, 3 160, 1 779 meters, respectively.

Key words: Spatial heterogeneity, Parameter inversion, Land cover dataset, Radiative transfer.

中图分类号:

P237

表1 MODIS分类系统和GlobalLand30分类系统对应关系

Table 1 Correspondence between MODIS classification system and GlobalLand30 classification system

MODIS Type-3	GlobalLand30
草地/谷物作物	草地,耕地
灌木	灌木地
阔叶作物	耕地
稀树草原	草地,森林
常绿阔叶林	森林
落叶阔叶林	森林
常绿针叶林	森林
落叶针叶林	森林

表1 MODIS分类系统和GlobalLand30分类系统对应关系

Table 1 Correspondence between MODIS classification system and GlobalLand30 classification system

MODIS Type-3	GlobalLand30
草地/谷物作物	草地,耕地
灌木	灌木地
阔叶作物	耕地
稀树草原	草地,森林
常绿阔叶林	森林
落叶阔叶林	森林
常绿针叶林	森林
落叶针叶林	森林

图1 1 km尺度中国混合像元端元种类特征参量图

Fig.1 China endmember types of mixed pixel image at 1 km resolution

图2 1 km尺度中国边界长度特征参量图

Fig.2 China boundary length image at 1 km resolution

图3 中国区域1 km像元端元种类数直方图分布
(a)植被与非植被区域;(b) 植被区域

Fig.3 Frequency histograms of endmember types in china at 1 km pixels
(a) Vegetation and non-vegetated region; (b) Vegetation zone

表2 端元类型与地表覆盖类型对应表

Table 2 Look-up table of endmember type and land cover type

地表覆盖类型	简化后端元类型(符号)
森林	森林(A)
灌木地	灌丛(B)
耕地	耕地(C)
草地,湿地,苔原	草地(D)
水体	水体(E)
裸地	裸地(F)
人造地表,冰川和永久积雪	其他非植被(G)

表2 端元类型与地表覆盖类型对应表

Table 2 Look-up table of endmember type and land cover type

地表覆盖类型	简化后端元类型(符号)
森林	森林(A)
灌木地	灌丛(B)
耕地	耕地(C)
草地,湿地,苔原	草地(D)
水体	水体(E)
裸地	裸地(F)
人造地表,冰川和永久积雪	其他非植被(G)

图4 异质地表地物组合类型频率直方图

Fig.4 Frequency histogram of feature combination types over heterogeneous land surface

图5 边界长度对应分类图

Fig.5 Corresponding land-cover images of different boundary length

图6 不同端元组合时的边界长度频率分布和边界长度约20 000 m时对应地表分类图

Fig.6 Frequency distribution of boundary length at different endmember types and corresponding land cover image when boundary length is 20 000 m

图7 1 km尺度下不同生态群系边界长度分布图

Fig.7 Frequency distribution of different biomes at 1 km resolution

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