地球科学进展

地球科学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (7): 834 -845. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2015.07.0834

上一篇    

1982—2006年祁连山植被覆盖的时空变化特征研究
陈京华, 贾文雄*( ), 赵珍, 张禹舜, 刘亚荣   
  1. 西北师范大学地理与环境科学学院,甘肃 兰州 730070
  • 出版日期:2015-07-20
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“祁连山植被变化及其对气候响应的敏感性研究”(编号： 41161017);甘肃省自然科学基金计划项目“祁连山地区极端气候变化与气象灾害预警研究”(编号：1107RJZA248)资助

Research on Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Vegetation Cover in Qilian Mountains from 1982 to 2006

Jinghua Chen, Wenxiong Jia( ), Zhen Zhao, Yushun Zhang, Yarong Liu   

  1. College of Geography and Environment Science, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
  • Online:2015-07-20 Published:2015-07-20
全文 ( 8 ) 下载PDF ( 1503 )

基于祁连山地区1982—2006年的GIMMS NDVI数据,采用最大值合成法、均值法、斜率分析法、相关分析法,研究了祁连山植被覆盖的时空变化及其与气候因子的相关性。结果表明:①祁连山植被NDVI总体上自西向东递增,呈现东多西少的分布格局;②25a间植被NDVI变化存在明显的空间差异,表现为中西部地区植被NDVI增加,植被覆盖整体上呈增加趋势;③25a间祁连山不同季节植被NDVI变化存在明显的空间差异,夏季植被NDVI增加面积最大,其次为秋季、春季,植被NDVI减少面积最多的为冬季,而各季节植被NDVI增加区集中分布在青海南山、布哈河流域等地,植被NDVI减少区集中分布在乌鞘岭、冷龙岭及达坂山等地;④祁连山月平均NDVI与气温和降水的相关性极显著,可见气温和降水是影响祁连山植被NDVI变化的主要因子,局部地区密集的人类活动也是影响植被NDVI变化的重要因素。

关键词: GIMMS NDVI, 植被覆盖, 时空变化, 祁连山

Based on GIMMS NDVI data of Qilian Mountains region during 1982-2006, using the maximum synthesis, mean method, slope analysis and correlation analysis, the spatial and temporal changes of vegetation cover and its correlations with climatic factors were studied in Qilian Mountains. The results showed that: ①Vegetation NDVI of Qilian Mountains increases from west to east in general, showing the distribution pattern of much more vegetation in east regions than in west regions; ②Vegetation NDVI of Qilian Mountains has generally increased in the past twenty five years, but there are obvious spatial differences, especially vegetation NDVI of middle and east regions increase obviously; ③There have been obvious differences on spatial variation of seasonal NDVI in the past twenty five years in Qilian Mountains, and the increased area of vegetation NDVI is the largest in summer, followed by autumn, spring, but the most reduced area of vegetation NDVI is in winter. The regions of increased vegetation NDVI concentrate on southern mountain of Qinghai Province and in Buha River Basin, while the regions of reduced vegetation NDVI concentrate on Wushaoling, Lenglongling and Daban mountain in each season; ④The correlations between monthly average vegetation NDVI and temperature and precipitation are very significant, which indicates that temperature and precipitation are the main factors affecting the change of vegetation NDVI in Qilian Mountains, but intensive human activities are also important factors affecting the change of vegetation NDVI in some areas.

Key words: GIMMS NDVI, Vegetation cover, Temporal and spatial changes, Qilian Mountains.

中图分类号: 

图1 祁连山的区位及气象站的分布图
Fig.1 Location and distribution of meteorological stations of Qilian Mountains
表1 祁连山2000—2006年GIMMS NDVI和MODIS NDVI的相关性
Table1 Correlation between NDVI MODIS and NDVI GIMMS in Qilian Mountains from 2000 to 2006
年份 2000年 2001年 2002年 2003年 2004年 2005年 2006年
相关系数 0.979** 0.965** 0.980** 0.981** 0.947** 0.971** 0.970**
图2 祁连山年累计平均NDVI的空间分布图
Fig.2 Distribution of annual cumulative average NDVI in Qilian Mountains
图3 祁连山年 NDVI和生长季NDVI年际变化趋势
Fig.3 Change trends of annual and growing season NDVI in Qilian Mountains
图4 祁连山各季节NDVI的年际变化趋势
Fig.4 Change trends of seasonal NDVI in Qilian Mountains
图5 1982—2006年祁连山年NDVI和生长季NDVI的空间变化
Fig.5 Spatial variations of annual and growing season NDVI in Qilian Mountains from 1982 to 2006
表2 1982—2006年祁连山年和生长季NDVI年际变化趋势统计
Table 2 Statistics on variation trends of annual and growing season NDVI in Qilian Mountains from 1982 to 2006
斜率范围 等级变化 年植被 生长季植被
面积/km2 比例/％ 面积/km2 比例/％
<-0.005 显著减少 2558 1.36 2652 1.41
-0.005~-0.003 中度减少 10476 5.57 10326 5.49
-0.003~-0.001 轻度减少 37409 19.89 35604 18.93
-0.001~0.001 基本不变 79445 42.24 77640 41.28
0.001~0.003 轻度增加 45045 23.95 46700 24.83
0.003~0.005 中度增加 10438 5.55 12394 6.59
>0.005 显著增加 2708 1.44 2765 1.47
图6 1982—2006年祁连山各季节NDVI的空间变化
Fig.6 Spatial variations of seasonal NDVI in Qilian Mountains from 1982 to 2006
表3 1982-2006年祁连山各季节NDVI变化趋势统计
Table 3 Statistics on variation trends of seasonal NDVI in Qilian Mountains from 1982 to 2006
斜率范围 等级变化 春季 夏季 秋季 冬季
面积/km2 比例/％ 面积/km2 比例/％ 面积/km2 比例/％ 面积/km2 比例/％
<-0.005 显著减少 207 0.11 2464 1.31 357 0.19 696 0.37
-0.005~-0.003 中度减少 1862 0.99 10438 5.55 8576 4.56 8821 4.69
-0.003~-0.001 轻度减少 17905 9.52 34606 18.4 41020 21.86 57571 30.61
-0.001~0.001 基本不变 121068 64.37 78749 41.87 87514 46.53 100510 53.44
0.001~0.003 轻度增加 38218 20.32 45892 24.4 36168 19.23 17548 9.33
0.003~0.005 中度增加 7467 3.97 13034 6.93 11228 5.97 2652 1.41
>0.005 显著增加 1354 0.72 2915 1.55 3216 1.71 245 0.13
图7 祁连山月平均NDVI与月平均气温、降水、日照时数和相对湿度的相关性
Fig. 7 Correlations between monthly average NDVI with monthly mean temperature, precipitation, sunshine hour and relative humidity in Qilian Mountais
表4 祁连山各季节 NDVI与气候因子的相关性分析
Table4 Correlation analysis between seasonal NDVI and climatic factors in Qilian Mountains
不同季节平均NDVI 降水 气温
前期 同期 前期与同期累积 前期 同期 前期与同期累积
春季NDVI 0.428* 0.319 0.310 0.208 0.178 0.220
夏季NDVI 0.334 0.034 0.148 0.150 0.292 0.198
秋季NDVI 0.323 0.251 0.321 0.358 0.390 0.390
冬季NDVI -0.293 -0.266 -0.354 0.505* 0.364 0.439*
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