黑河流域不同下垫面水热通量特征分析

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2009.07.0714

地球科学进展 ›› 2009, Vol. 24 ›› Issue (7): 714 -723. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2009.07.0714

黑河流域不同下垫面水热通量特征分析

王维真 ¹,徐自为 ²,刘绍民 ²,李新 ¹,马明国 ¹,王介民 ^1,2

1.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所，甘肃兰州 730000;
2.北京师范大学遥感科学国家重点实验室，地理学与遥感科学学院，北京 100875

收稿日期:2009-02-18 修回日期:2009-06-06 出版日期:2009-06-10
通讯作者: 王维真 E-mail:weizhen@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院西部行动计划（二期）项目“黑河流域遥感—地面观测同步试验与综合模拟平台建设”（编号：KZCX2-XB2-09-03）;国家自然科学基金项目“复杂条件下湍流通量的观测与分析研究”（编号：40875006）;国家重点基础研究发展计划项目“陆表生态环境要素主被动遥感协同反演理论与方法”（编号：2007CB714401）资助.


The Characteristics of Heat and Water Vapor Fluxes over Different Surfaces in the Heihe River Basin

Wang Weizhen ¹, Xu Ziwei ², Liu Shaomin ², Li Xin ¹, Ma Mingguo ¹, Wang Jiemin ^1,2

1.Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China;
2.State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, School of Geography, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China

Received:2009-02-18 Revised:2009-06-06 Online:2009-06-10 Published:2009-07-10

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“黑河流域遥感—地面观测同步试验”在黑河上中游地区不同下垫面上建立了多个自动气象站和涡动相关仪及大孔径闪烁仪通量观测站。选取草地、森林及农田3种下垫面的观测资料，分析了水、热和CO₂通量特征。结果表明：黑河流域内不同下垫面能量收支各分量（净辐射、感热、潜热和土壤热通量等）有明显的日变化特征;各通量观测站观测结果如季节变化趋势等差异明显，反映了不同下垫面地气交换特征的不同。黑河上游阿柔冻融观测站和中游临泽草地站两套大孔径闪烁仪（LAS）的观测与涡动相关仪有关结果有较好的对应关系。结合浅层土壤热储存量的计算等分析了地表能量平衡的闭合情况。LAS观测的感热通量一般大于涡动相关仪的测量值;两者的差异主要由下垫面的非均一性、通量贡献源区大小不同以及影响大气湍流通量观测的涡旋尺度不同等原因引起。

关键词: 黑河综合试验, 不同下垫面, 水热通量, 涡动相关, LAS

Several flux stations at difference sufaces have been established for the project “Simultaneous remote sensing and ground based experiment in the Heihe River basin”. In this paper, we selected the observation data on grasslands, forests and farmland and analyzed the characteristics of water vapor, heat and carbon dioxide (CO₂) fluxes. The results showed that there are obvious diurnal and seasonal variations of energy balance components (net radiation, sensible heat, latent heat and soil heat flux, etc.) and different surface in the Heihe River basin has distinct characteristics. The Eddy-Covariance (EC) flux data have been compared with Large Aperture Scintillometer (LAS) observations at Arou Station (in the upper Heihe Basin) and Linze Station (in the middle basin). Both have good correlations, however, the sensible heat fluxes observed by LAS are generally larger than that of EC. The differences are mainly from the different footprints′ or source areas of LAS and EC in the non-uniform surfaces of the specific station. Besides, LAS observation of heat flux may comprise contributions from larger scale atmospheric turbulence. By considering soil heat storage in the upper soil layers, the surface energy balance closure has also been analyzed in each station.

Key words: Heihe experiments, Difference surface, Water and heat flux, Eddy correlation, LAS

中图分类号:

P422.4
P334

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