现代侵蚀作用核素示踪研究新进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1998.03.0232

地球科学进展 ›› 1998, Vol. 13 ›› Issue (3): 232 -237. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1998.03.0232

现代侵蚀作用核素示踪研究新进展

白占国 ¹，万国江 ²

1.中国农业科学院土壤肥料研究所农业部植物营养学重点实验室北京 100081；2.中国科学院地球化学研究所环境地球化学国家重点实验室贵阳 550002

收稿日期:1997-07-22 修回日期:1997-11-08 出版日期:1998-06-01
通讯作者: 白占国
基金资助:
国家自然科学青年基金项目“中国南方岩溶山区土壤季节性侵蚀的⁷Be示踪研究”(项目编号:49503049)、国家自然科学重点基金项目“云贵高原湖泊现代沉积地球化学过程及环境信息的辨识与提取”(项目编号:49333040) 资助。

PROGRESS IN THE STUDY OF THE SOIL EROSION USING RADIONUCLIDES

Bai Zhanguo ¹，Wan Guojiang ²

1.Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition of Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Soils and Fertilizers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081；2.State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002

Received:1997-07-22 Revised:1997-11-08 Online:1998-06-01 Published:1998-06-01

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利用放射性核素示踪环境地球化学过程是国际地球科学的前缘课题。介绍了利用宇宙线成因的短寿命散落核素⁷Be示踪土壤季节性侵蚀及其与湖泊沉积耦合关系的最新研究进展；证实了利用核爆炸散落核素¹³⁷Cs示踪累计性土壤侵蚀和沉积计年的可靠性；阐述了²²⁶Ra和²²⁸Ra在土壤中比活度的形态变化分异具有很好的侵蚀－堆积示踪价值；揭示了在不同生物化学条件下，²¹⁰Pb的行为特征和影响因素，并将²¹⁰Pb_ex示踪碳酸盐岩区域土壤侵蚀速率结果与湖泊沉积速率相耦合，证明了利用²¹⁰Pb示踪土壤侵蚀的可行性。

关键词: 环境地球化学, 土壤侵蚀, 核素示踪, 云贵高原

In this paper, we described the latest progress in the study on seasonal surface soil erosion and its coupling relationship to lake sedimentation using ⁷Be. Meanwhile,¹³⁷Cs reliability for tracing soil particle accumulation and for sediment dating was confirmed. Differentiation of ²²⁶Ra/²²⁸Ra activity ratios in different geochemical fractions in the soils could be used as a parameter to trace accumulation and/or erosion of soil particles. ²¹⁰Pb geochemical behaviour in the soils and sediments and its effecting factors was studied under different conditions. The coupling relationship between soil erosion rates traced by ²¹⁰Pb and lake sediment ation proved that ²¹⁰Pb was reliable for tracing accumulation rate of soil particles.

Key words: Environmental geochemistry, Soil erosion, Radionuclide trace, Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau.

中图分类号:

P597.1

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