西南印度洋中脊多金属硫化物矿产资源评价方法与指标体系

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2015.07.0812

根据对海底多金属硫化物矿床成矿机理、成矿地质环境和地质异常信息的研究,确定了水深、构造、地震、重力异常、磁力异常等9项评价因子,通过指标标准化处理,建立了指标体系。采用层次分析法设计了4个层次的递阶结构模型。通过建立比较矩阵,确定了各层次因子的权重,形成了一套完善的评价方法和指标体系。根据评价结果,最有利区域（Ⅰ类区）占工区面积的58.33%,比较有利的前景区域（Ⅱ类区）占32.41%,二者也是近期突破的重点目标区。为下一步缩小勘探目标区提供了依据。

关键词: 印度洋, 多金属硫化物矿床, 层次分析, 地质异常, 指标体系

Based on the research of minerogenetic condition, ore-control factors, metallogenic geological environment and geological anomaly of polymetallic sulfide in Indian Ocean, the nine evaluation factors include water depth, structure, earthquake, gravity anomalies, magnetic anomalies, etc. were extracted and standardized. According to hierarchy analysis method, a structural model of four levels was designed. The comparison matrix was established to determinate thefactor weight. A set of perfectEvaluation methodology and indicator system was established. The results showed that the most favorable prospecting areas cover 58.33% of the research area and the more favorable prospecting areas cover 32.41% of the research area. This two areas are mainprospecting targets. This research findings provided a basis for lessening the target area in the future.

Key words: Indian Ocean, Polymetallic sulfide deposits, Hierarchy analysis, Geological anomaly, Indicator system.

中图分类号:

P724

图1 印度洋洋中脊及热液喷口分布示意图

Fig. 1 The distribution of Indian Ocean ridge and hydrothermal vents

洋中脊构造环境中热液区水深分布

Fig.2 Statistical graph of water depth and mineral occurrence

图3 构造等密度有利区与矿点构造叠合图

Fig.3 Congruent map of favorable tectonic isodensity area,mineral occurrence and structure

图4 构造优益度与矿点统计图

Fig.4 Statistical graph of tectonic advantage and mineraloccurrence

图5 三大洋不同地质历史时期热液活动频率变化图 ^{[

16
]}

Fig.5 The hydrothermal activity frequency change chart of three oceans during different geologic periods ^{[

16
]}

表1 印度洋海底热液多金属硫化物矿床评价指标体系

Table 1 The evaluation indicator systems of the polymetallic sulfide mineral resources in the Indian Ocean

级别	Ⅰ类	Ⅱ类	Ⅲ类	Ⅳ类	Ⅴ类
海底水深/m	（2500,3500]	（2 000,2 500] （3 500,4 000]	（1 500,2 000] （4 000,4 500]	（1 000,1 500] （4 500,5 000]	≤1 000 >5000
构造缓冲区/km	≤15	（15,25]	（25,35]	（35,45]	≥45
构造优益度	[0.50,1.00]	[0.25, 0.50）（1.00, 1.25）	[0.15, 0.25）（1.25, 1.50）	[0.10, 0.15）（1.50, 2.00）	≤0.10 >2.0
构造等密度	≥1.31	[1.07, 1.31）	[0.82, 1.07）	[0.63, 0.82）	<0.63
洋底基岩年龄/Ma	[1,15]	（46,60]	（15,46] （60,90]	（90,160]	>160
火山地震频次/(次/km²)	≥0.00115	（0.00050,0.00115]	（0.00025,0.00050]	（0, 0.00025）	0
重力异常/mGal	>40	[30,40)	[20,30)	[10,20)	<10
剩余重力/mGal	>10	[0, 10)	[-10,0)	[-20,-10)	<-20
磁力异常/nT	[-30,30]	[-60,-30) (30,60]	[-90,-60) (60,90]	[-120,-90) (90,120]	<-120 >120

表1 印度洋海底热液多金属硫化物矿床评价指标体系

Table 1 The evaluation indicator systems of the polymetallic sulfide mineral resources in the Indian Ocean

级别	Ⅰ类	Ⅱ类	Ⅲ类	Ⅳ类	Ⅴ类
海底水深/m	（2500,3500]	（2 000,2 500] （3 500,4 000]	（1 500,2 000] （4 000,4 500]	（1 000,1 500] （4 500,5 000]	≤1 000 >5000
构造缓冲区/km	≤15	（15,25]	（25,35]	（35,45]	≥45
构造优益度	[0.50,1.00]	[0.25, 0.50）（1.00, 1.25）	[0.15, 0.25）（1.25, 1.50）	[0.10, 0.15）（1.50, 2.00）	≤0.10 >2.0
构造等密度	≥1.31	[1.07, 1.31）	[0.82, 1.07）	[0.63, 0.82）	<0.63
洋底基岩年龄/Ma	[1,15]	（46,60]	（15,46] （60,90]	（90,160]	>160
火山地震频次/(次/km²)	≥0.00115	（0.00050,0.00115]	（0.00025,0.00050]	（0, 0.00025）	0
重力异常/mGal	>40	[30,40)	[20,30)	[10,20)	<10
剩余重力/mGal	>10	[0, 10)	[-10,0)	[-20,-10)	<-20
磁力异常/nT	[-30,30]	[-60,-30) (30,60]	[-90,-60) (60,90]	[-120,-90) (90,120]	<-120 >120

图6 印度洋海底热液多金属硫化物矿床层次评价递阶结构图

Fig. 6 The hierarchic evaluationdiagram of polymetallic sulfide mineral resources in the Indian Ocean

图7 西南印度洋合同区预测图

Fig. 7 The prediction map of polymetallic sulfide mineral resources in southwest Indian Ocean contract area

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摘要

Evaluation Methodology and Indicator System of Polymetallic Sulfide Mineral Resources in the Southwest Indian Ocean