参加国际大洋发现计划IODP 361的启示

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2016.04.0422.

地球科学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 422 -427. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2016.04.0422.

张虎才(

)

云南师范大学旅游与地理科学学院,高原湖泊生态与全球变化重点实验室,云南昆明 650500

收稿日期:2016-03-01 修回日期:2016-04-01 出版日期:2016-04-20
基金资助:
云南省领军人才项目“云南高原湖泊演化与水安全研究”(编号:2015HA024);中国大洋发现计划办公室资助

Inspirations from IODP Expedition 361

Hucai Zhang( )

Key Laboratory of Plateau Lake Ecology and Global Change, School of Tourism and Physical Geography, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China

Received:2016-03-01 Revised:2016-04-01 Online:2016-04-20 Published:2016-04-10
About author:
First author:Zhang Hucai(1962-),male,Fengxiang County,Shannxi Province, Professor. Research areas include lake sediments and environmental changes.E-mail:zhanghc@niglas.ac.cn.
Supported by:
Project supported by the Yunnan Provincial Government Leading Scientist Program “Lake evolution and water security in Yunnan Plateau”(No.2015HA024);Chinese IODP Office

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从深海钻探计划(Deep Sea Drilling Project, DSDP)、大洋钻探计划(Ocean Drilling Program, ODP)和综合大洋钻探计划(Integrated Ocean Drilling Program, IODP)发展而来的国际大洋发现计划(International Ocean Discovery Program, IODP)是由美国发起并有多国加入的大洋钻探研究计划。IODP 361计划的实施以决心号(JOIDES Resolution)科学钻探船为标志和载体,具有高度机动性、高度综合性、技术密集性、学科综合性、信息聚集性、人才国际性、研究目标全球性、产出批量性、环境封闭性、投资巨量性等一系列的特点,是地球科学、特别是全球变化研究国际合作的一个重要平台,是以海洋演化记录的揭示带动全球变化研究的引擎,也是最终认识全球变化过程与机理的知识源泉。中国作为IODP的会员国,在不断加强参加航次及科学研究的同时,充分和高效利用过去几十年培养的人才与基础知识储备,大力发展、提高大洋综合科学研究与观测能力和基础设施建设,组织国家甚至国际研究、实验研究中心及观测基地,这不但对全球变化研究十分重要,对于国家未来发展与生存空间的拓展利用也至为关键。学习“决心号”成熟的运作模式、借鉴其成功经验将对中国的科研发展起到事半功倍的作用。

关键词: 大洋发现计划, IODP 361, 南部非洲气候, 阿加勒斯洋流, 印度洋

International Ocean Discovery Program, or present IODP that has been evolved from the early Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP), Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) and Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) is one of the international ocean drilling and exploration programs originated from USA. IODP 361 cruse supported by JOIDES Resolution is characterized of high maneuverability, high tectonic integrity, high comprehensive disciplinary, information aggregation, international researcher gathering, global study targeting, quantity study production, isolated close working environments and huge investment, which is one of the most important international cooperation platforms of the geosciences, especially global changes. It is also one of the super powerful engines not only guiding but also pushing the study on global change via exploring the records of ocean evolution, and also the fountainhead to understand the processes and mechanism of the global changes. As one the main members of the IODP, China is not only participating the activities and scientific researches of IODP, but also needs to improve the capabilities to monitor the ocean and establish our own facilities, laboratories and research centers. These are not only very important for the global research and the future development, but also crucial for the preservation of the ocean environment. Leaning and mastering mature operation models from the JOIDES Resolution, using the experience of IODP management for reference may benefit our research work and yield twice the result with half the effort.

Key words: International Ocean Discovery Program, IODP 361, South Africa climate, Agulhas Current, India Ocean.

中图分类号:

图1 U1474-U1479站位钻孔岩心物理特征 ^{[

1
]}
CSF-A: 海底—下岩心深度(单位:m)

Fig.1 Summary of major lithologic characteristics of sediment cores, Sites U1474-U1479 ^{[

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CSF-A:Core depth below seafloor scale(unit: m)

图2 大洋发现计划361航次站点
黄色、橘黄色箭头为主要大洋表层流;灰色箭头为西北印度洋、西南印度洋向非洲大陆水汽输送路径;折线为热带辐合带(ITCZ)和刚果气团(CAB)边界;紫色阴影区为Zambezi流域;绿色阴影区为Limpopo流域;AC为阿加勒斯洋流;SEC为南赤道洋流;SEMC为东南马达加斯加洋流;NEMC为东北马达加斯加洋流;EACC为东非近岸洋流 ^{[

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Fig.2 Expedition 361 site locations
Yellow and orange arrows: Main surface ocean currents; Gray arrows: Main pathways of moisture supply to the African continent from the northwest Atlantic (via Congo) and the northwest and southwest Indian Ocean; Dashed lines: Approximate position of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) and Congo Air Boundary (CAB); Purple shaded area: Zambezi Catchment; Green shaded area: Limpopo Catchment. AC: Agulhas Current, SEC: South Equatorial Current, SEMC: South East Madagascar Current, NEMC: North East Madagascar Current, EACC: East Africa Coastal Current ^{[

1
]}

[1]	Hall I R, Hemming S R, LeVay L J. Expedition 361 Scientific Prospectus: South African climates (Agulhas LGM Density Profile).[Z/OL]. International Ocean Discovery Program. . URL
[2]	IODP361.[Z/OL]. URL

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