陆面过程模型对下垫面参数动态变化的敏感性分析

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2011.03.0300

利用2006年锦州玉米农田生态系统野外观测站动态连续的通量、气象及生物因子观测数据，分析了BATS1e陆面模型对动态的粗糙度（Z₀）、叶面积指数（LAI）、植被覆盖度（FVEG）及反照率（α）变化的敏感性。结果表明：Z₀的动态变化对表层土壤温度（SST）和感热（SH）的模拟有一定影响，主要发生在玉米农田从裸土向有植被覆盖转变这一阶段。LAI的动态赋值可以改善SST、净入射短波辐射（frs）、SH和SWC的模拟效果，对潜热（LE）的模拟也有一定影响。动态FVEG对上述各变量的模拟影响最为明显，当FVEG较小时敏感性最大。α的动态赋值可影响SST、SH和LE的模拟，其中SH反应最为敏感。各动态参数越接近模型设定值，模拟结果受影响越小；各参数间关系密切，单一参数的改进可提高某些变量的模拟精度，但不一定改善所有变量的模拟效果。

关键词: 参数动态变化, 陆面过程, 敏感性

Using continuous flux data, meteorological data and biological data in 2006(from June 1 to August 9) from Jinzhou agricultural ecosystem research station, based on BATS1e model, the sensitivity of land surface model to dynamic assignment of roughness(Z₀), leaf area index(LAI) and fractional vegetation coverage (FVEG) and albedo(α) were investigated. The results show that dynamic assignment of Z₀has effect on simulating surface soil temperature(SST) and sensible heat flux (SH) especially on the time when maize field surface covered changes from bare soil to vegetation. Dynamic LAI plays important role in improving the simulation of SST, net absorbed solar energy flux(Frs), SH and surface soil water content(SWC), at the same time affects simulation of latent heat flux (LE). Dynamic FVEG affects obviously simulations of all abovementioned variables and shows greater sensitivity when they are smaller. Also, dynamical change of α can affect simulations of SST, LE and SH, especially for the latter. Furthermore, the interactions among different dynamic parameters are ignored by the model. The improvement of single land surface parameter might be helpful for simulating one or multivariate but not for all variables. In short, it is necessary to set up a parameterization scheme with the interactions of different land surface parameters.

Key words: Dynamic change of parameters, Land surfaces processing, Sensibility

中图分类号:

P461
S181

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摘要

Sensitivity of Land Surfaces Model to Dynamic Land Surface Parameters