大气下投探空技术的发展与应用

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2008.04.0337

下投探空技术始发于20世纪70年代，90年代GPS定位技术被应用到下投探空中。下投系统由测量仪器、数据收发系统和信号处理软件等部分组成。带降落伞的下投探空仪一般由飞机、大气球、火箭或无人飞行器携带升空，在一定高度直接向下投放，以获得从下投平台到地（海）面的大气廓线资料。对大气下投探空技术及其应用进行概要性综述，从下投探空仪、下投平台和重要应用等几个方面来介绍。建议加强长航时高空无人飞机下投探空技术的研发工作。

关键词: 下投探空, 下投平台, 应用

The dropsonde technique had been developed in the 1970s and dramatically advanced by the application of GPS orientation in the 1990s. The dropsonde system incorporates various sensor instruments, data system and software for telecommunications and data storage. The instrument package is usually carried into the atmosphere by a balloon, a rocket, or an aircraft, and dropped at high-altitude to retrieve meteorological profiling data. This paper reviews the development and applications of the dropsonde technique for atmospheric sounding. The description of several dropsondes, aloft platforms, and some applications is given. It is suggested that dropsonde technique launched from the unmanned air vehicle of long duration and upper altitude be develop.

Key words: Dropsonde, Platform, Application.
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中图分类号:

P412.23

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摘要

A Review on the Development and Application of the Atmospheric Dropsonde Technique