土壤生物对土壤有机碳稳定性的影响

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2007.02.0152

应对全球气候变化及制定温室气体减排措施必需了解土壤有机碳的稳定性。当前，比较公认的有机碳稳定机制包括选择性保存，空间不可接近性和分子交互作用。虽然已经有了大量的研究，但至今对土壤有机碳稳定性的稳定机制了解仍不完善，特别是有关土壤生物对有机碳稳定性的贡献没有受到足够重视。在此，我们首先基于公认的有机碳稳定机制探讨土壤生物对有机碳稳定性的影响，随后从土壤生物本身特性及生物与生境协同进化角度出发分析了土壤有机碳的生物稳定机制，特别强调了权衡有机碳稳定性与分解功能服务价值的重要性，最后从土壤生物角度展望了土壤有机碳稳定性研究中的重要方面。

关键词: 土壤有机碳, 土壤生物, 稳定机制, 降解性, 团聚体

Knowledge of soil organic carbon (SOC) stability is essential for understanding the changing global carbon cycle and developing strategies for mitigating the increasing greenhouse gas emission and global climate change. Current popular mechanisms for carbon stabilization mainly included (1) selective preservation due to recalcitrance of SOC, (2) spatial inaccessibility of SOC against decomposer organisms due to occlusion, intercalation, hydrophobicity and encapsulation, and (3) interaction with mineral surfaces and metal ions. Until now the mechanistic understanding of SOC stabilization are still not satisfying, especially for the roles of soil biota in the stabilization process. Therefore, first we explored specific functions of soil biota in SOC stabilization derived from the abovementioned mechanisms; Second we presented a conceptual view that intrinsic nature of soil biota as well as coevolution between soil biota and habitat would influence SOC stability; Then the trade-off between value of SOC stabilization and profit of SOC decomposition were emphasized; Finally the promising research directions were listed in respect of soil biota in SOC stabilization, such as the roles of soil biota in (1) plant carbon and SOC resynthesis process, (2) the feedback loops between aboveground and belowground on SOC stability, (3) SOC stabilization under specific environmental and soil conditions, (4) SOC decomposition associated ecological service and SOC stabilization or storage under various soil managements, (5) SOC stabilization at different spatial and temporal scales. From the point of coevolution, the interactions between soil biota and SOC stability would be studied hierarchically, i.e. physiological characteristics of soil individual organism，life history of population, community and ecosystem properties.

Key words: Soil organic carbon, Soil biota, Stabilization mechanisms, Degradability, Aggregate.

中图分类号:

S153
S154

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摘要

Soil Biota on Soil Organic Carbon Stabilization