地球科学进展

地球科学进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 464 -472. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2018.05.0464

综述与评述 上一篇    下一篇

荒漠地区大气—土壤的碳交换过程
法科宇 1, 2( ), 雷光春 1, 张宇清 2, 刘加彬 3   
  1. 1.北京林业大学 自然保护区学院, 北京 100083
    2.北京林业大学 水土保持学院宁夏盐池毛乌素沙地生态系统国家定位观测研究站, 北京 100083
    3.西北农林科技大学 资源环境学院, 陕西 杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-13 修回日期:2018-05-15 出版日期:2018-05-20
  • 基金资助:
    *中国博士后科学基金项目“沙地土壤次生无机碳的运移过程”(编号:2016M600938);国家自然科学基金项目“半干旱区沙地土壤固定大气二氧化碳的微生物途径”(编号:31670709)资助.

Carbon Exchange Process Between Atmosphere and Soil in Desert Soils

Keyu Fa 1, 2( ), Guangchun Lei 1, Yuqing Zhang 2, Jiabin Liu 3   

  1. 1.School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
    2.Yanchi Ecology Research Station, School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
    3.College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling Shaanxi 712100,China;
  • Received:2018-03-13 Revised:2018-05-15 Online:2018-05-20 Published:2018-06-13
  • About author:

    First author:Fa Keyu (1987-), male, Benxi City, Liaoning Province,Post Doctor. Research areas include soil carbon processes in arid and semi-arid regions. E-mail:fkysparrow@163.com

  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the Chinese Postdoctoral Science Foundation “Migration process of pedogenic inorganic carbon in sandy soil” (No.2016M600938);The National Natural Science Foundation of China “Microbial pathways of atmospheric CO 2 fixation in soils in a semi-arid desert” (No.31670709).
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由于净初级生产力较低,且自然扰动强烈,荒漠生态系统往往被认为是一巨大碳源。然而,近年来世界范围内的研究发现,荒漠地区的土壤能够吸收大量大气CO2,但该过程因为不能从机理上得到充分地解释而饱受争议。通过深入讨论该反常的碳过程及其可能的驱动机制,认为荒漠土壤吸收大气CO2现象是客观存在的,热力机制、地表湍流和压力梯度改变驱动气体运动机制可能是该过程发生的重要驱动机制。但就目前而言,因无直接证据表明在自然状态下,荒漠地区土壤吸收的碳会普遍且快速运移至地下水体中或矿化封存于土壤中,所以尚不能断言荒漠地区土壤是一个碳汇。未来该领域的研究应关注荒漠地区土壤液相碳的运移问题,尤其关注其气相转化和矿化过程。

关键词: 碳吸收, 荒漠生态系统, 非生物途径过程, 驱动机制, 碳源/汇

Because the net primary productivity is low and disturbance effect are strong, desert ecosystems have been proposed conventionally as a carbon source. However, studies worldwide in recent years have reported that desert soils can absorb atmospheric CO2, and the absorbed carbon may be conserved in soils or aquifers. As the carbon uptake is counterintuitive and the mechanisms of this process are elusive, the authenticity of this process is still grossly controversial. In this paper, we deeply discussed the authenticity of the anomalous carbon absorption and its possible driving mechanisms, and conclude that the counterintuitive process is authentic. The thermal mechanism, surficial turbulence and pressure gradients variations driving CO2 migration may be the important driving mechanisms. However, heretofore, no direct evidence can be provided for the speculation that the carbon absorbed by desert soils can commonly and rapidly transport into underground water or mineralize and sequestrate in soil. As a result, the role of carbon sink of desert soils remains veiled. It was suggested that future researches should focus on the transportation and emphatically focus on the gaseous transformation and mineralization of the liquid phase carbon.

Key words: Carbon absorption, Desert ecosystem, Abiotic processes, Driving mechanisms, Carbon source/sink.

中图分类号: 

图1 土壤非生物途径CO 2通量驱动机制概念图
(a)出通量驱动机制;(b)入通量驱动机制;虚线框表示贡献可能较小,实线框表示贡献较大;(a)中黑框表示出通量CO 2源发生机制
Fig.1 Overview of the mechanisms of the processes of abiotic soil CO 2 flux
(a)The mechanisms of the abiotic soil CO 2 efflux; (b)The mechanisms of the abiotic soil CO 2 influx; The dashed frames represent that the mechanisms may contribute little, and the solid frames indicate inversely; The black frames in (a) represent the CO 2 sources of soil CO 2 efflux
图1 土壤非生物途径CO 2通量驱动机制概念图
(a)出通量驱动机制;(b)入通量驱动机制;虚线框表示贡献可能较小,实线框表示贡献较大;(a)中黑框表示出通量CO 2源发生机制
Fig.1 Overview of the mechanisms of the processes of abiotic soil CO 2 flux
(a)The mechanisms of the abiotic soil CO 2 efflux; (b)The mechanisms of the abiotic soil CO 2 influx; The dashed frames represent that the mechanisms may contribute little, and the solid frames indicate inversely; The black frames in (a) represent the CO 2 sources of soil CO 2 efflux
图2 毛乌素沙地土壤碳酸盐富集区
(a)毛乌素沙地9处土壤剖面;其中黄色虚线框内为碳酸盐结晶体,红色实线框内为碳酸盐结核体;(b)碳酸盐结核体的尺寸
Fig.2 Carbonate enrichment in soil in the Mu Us Desert
(a)Nine randomly selected soil profiles in the Mu Us Desert, yellow dotted boxes and red solid boxes in (a) are the carbonate crystal and the carbonate nodules respectively; (b) Sizes of the carbonate nodules found in soil profiles
图2 毛乌素沙地土壤碳酸盐富集区
(a)毛乌素沙地9处土壤剖面;其中黄色虚线框内为碳酸盐结晶体,红色实线框内为碳酸盐结核体;(b)碳酸盐结核体的尺寸
Fig.2 Carbonate enrichment in soil in the Mu Us Desert
(a)Nine randomly selected soil profiles in the Mu Us Desert, yellow dotted boxes and red solid boxes in (a) are the carbonate crystal and the carbonate nodules respectively; (b) Sizes of the carbonate nodules found in soil profiles
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