地球科学进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (7): 744 -756. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2017.07.0744

上一篇    下一篇

中等地温场、长深埋期石英砂岩类储层成岩作用与孔隙度演化模式——以鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区下石盒子组为例
张创 1( ), 罗然昊 1, *( ), 张恒昌 1, 周雪 1, 王成龙 1, 邢华 2, 钱成 2   
  1. 1.延长油田股份有限公司志丹采油厂,陕西 延安 717500
    2. 陕西延长石油(集团)有限责任公司,陕西 西安 710075
  • 收稿日期:2017-03-24 修回日期:2017-05-08 出版日期:2017-07-20
  • 通讯作者: 罗然昊 E-mail:zhangchuang530@126.com;1419592269@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“特低渗透双重介质砂岩微观孔隙结构的定量表征”(编号:41102081)资助

Diagenesis and Porosity Evolution Model of the Quartzose Sandstone Reservoir with Moderate Palaeogeothermal, Long Period of Large Buried-depth:A Case Form the Lower Shihezi Reservoir in Yan’an, Ordos Basin

Chuang Zhang 1( ), Ranhao Luo 1, *( ), Hengchang Zhang 1, Xue Zhou 1, Chenglong Wang 1, Hua Xing 2, Cheng Qian 2   

  1. 1.Zhidan Oil Production Plant, Yanchang Oil Field Co., Ltd., Shaanxi Yan’an 717500, China
    2.Shaanxi Yanchang Petreleum(Group) Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710075, China
  • Received:2017-03-24 Revised:2017-05-08 Online:2017-07-20 Published:2017-07-20
  • Contact: Ranhao Luo E-mail:zhangchuang530@126.com;1419592269@qq.com
  • About author:

    First author:Zhang Chuang(1981-),male,Weinan City,Shaanxi Province,Senior engineer. Research areas include oil & gas reservoir development geology.E-mail:zhangchuang530@126.com

  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China“Quantitative characterization on micro-pore struture in the dual media sandstone of ultra-low permeability”(No.41102081)

以鄂尔多斯盆地延安地区下石盒子组储层为研究对象,在储层成岩作用、埋藏史与热史研究的基础上,应用动力学模型与作用模拟方法分析了该区孔隙度演化史。结果表明,中等地温场、长深埋期煤系地层内的石英砂岩类储层,成岩早期孔隙介质呈酸性而缺乏早期碳酸盐胶结物,压实损失孔隙度较大;溶蚀作用产生了一定的次生孔隙,但长深埋期、较高地温环境下溶蚀产物沉淀为更为稳定的次生石英和黏土矿物,加之含铁碳酸盐胶结物的胶结与交代,造成粒间孔隙大量封闭的同时,又充填了部分溶孔;压实损失孔隙度较大的情况下,石英次生加大的普遍发育及黏土矿物与含铁碳酸盐胶结物的充填,往往造成此类储层为低渗—超低渗储层。

This research took Lower Shihezi Reservoir in Yan’an, Ordos Basin as research object. Based on the achievement of former scholars, the article first analyzed burial history and palaeogeothermal history. Furthermore, it analyzed the diagenesis characteristics and divided the diagenetic stages through the application of test data, such as thin section, SEM, cathode luminescence, x-ray diffraction, homogenization temperature of fluid inclusion, etc. Finally, the article analyzed and identified the initial porosity model and various kinds of porosity evolution model in the process of diagenetic, optimized the suitable method of Lower Shihezi Reservoir, established a calculation method that the porosity of reservoir increased in the process of dissolution by applying the effect simulation, simulated porosity evolution of reservoir in research area and analyzed the porosity evolution model. The results showed that the reservoir of quartzose sandstone with moderate palaeogeothermal, long period of large buried-depth, carbonate cement was absent in early phase in the coal measure strata, and the porosity loss by compaction was substantial. Though secondary porosity was generated by dissolution, the quartz and clay mineral were precipitated from dissolution mass, which filled intergranular pores and dissolved pores. In addition to substantial porosity loss by compaction, the filling of massive quartz overgrowth, clay mineral, and ferrocarbonatite, always made such reservoirs to be low or ultra-low permeability reservoirs.

中图分类号: 

图1 鄂尔多斯盆地研究区地理位置图
Fig.1 Research area in Yan’an, Ordos Basin
图2 延安地区下石盒子组储层埋藏史和热史
(a) 埋藏史;(b) 热演化史
Fig.2 Burial history and palaeogeothermal history of Lower Shihezi reservoir in Yan’an
(a)Burial history;(b)Palaeogeothermal history
表1 延安地区下石盒子组骨架颗粒矿物组合(单位:%)
Table 1 The skeleton particle mineral composition of,Lower Shihezi reservoir in Yan’an (unit:%)
表2 延安地区下石盒子组填隙物矿物组合(单位:%)
Table 2 The matrix mineral composition of Lower Shihezi reservoir in Yan’an (unit:%)
图3 延安地区下石盒子组储层成岩现象与矿物
Fig.3 Diagenesis phenomenon and minerals of Lower Shihezi reservoir in Yan’an
图4 黏土矿物、次生石英与深度关系
Fig.4 The relation between clay mineral, secondary quartz and depth
图5 自生石英流体包裹体均一温度直方图
Fig.5 The histogram of authigenic quartz fluid inclusion in the same temperature
图6 碳酸盐胶结物与次生石英包裹体均一温度(延223井,2 244.91 m)
Fig.6 The histogram of carbonate cement and secondary quartz fluid inclusion in the same temperature (Yan 223 well,2 244.91 m)
图7 延安地区下石盒子组储层成岩阶段划分
Fig.7 The division of diagenetic stage of Lower Shihezi reservoir in Yan’an
表3 岩屑与其他碎屑含量统计表(单位:%)
Table 3 The content of rock debris and other debris (unit:%)
图8 延安地区下石盒子组储层孔隙度演化史
Fig.8 Porisity evolution history of Lower Shihezi reservoir in Yan’an
[1] Ajdukiewicz J M,Nicholson P H,Esch W L.Prediction of deep reservoir quality using early diagenetic process models in the Jurassic Norphlet Formation,Gulf of Mexico[J].AAPG Bulletin,2010,94(8):1 189-1 227.
[2] Paola R,Andrea O,Ornella B,et al.Depositional setting and diagenetic processes and their impact on the reservoir quality in the late Visean-Bashkirian Kashagan carbonate platform(Pre-Caspian Basin,Kazakhstan)[J].AAPG Bulletin,2010,94(8):1 313-1 348.
[3] Maast T E,Jahren J,Bjørlykke K.Diagenetic controls on reservoir quality in Middle to Upper Jurassic sandstones in the South Viking Graben,North Sea[J].AAPG Bulletin,2011 95(11):1 883-1 905.
[4] Ajdukiewicz J M, Lander R H.Sandstone reservoir quality prediction:The state of the art[J].AAPG Bulletin,2010,94(8):1 083-1 091.
[5] Taylor T R,Giles M R,Hathon L A,et al.Sandstone diagenesis and reservoir quality prediction:Models,myths,and reality[J].AAPG Bulletin,2010,94(8):1 093-1 132.
[6] Liu Zhen,Sun Di,Li Weilian,et al.Advances in research on stratigraphic porodynamics of sedimentary basins[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(10):1 193-1 294.
[刘震,孙迪,李潍莲,等.沉积盆地地层孔隙动力学研究进展[J].石油学报,2016,37(10):1 193-1 294.]
[7] Schmoker J W,Gautier D L.Sandstone porosity as a function of thermal maturity[J].Geology,1988,16(11):1 193-1 010.
[8] Zheng Qinghua,Liu Yiqun.The diagenesis and diagenetic lithofacies of tight reservoir of Chang 4+5 member of Yanchang Formation in Huaqing area,Ordos Basin[J].Advances in Earth Science,2015,30(1):78-90.
[郑庆华,柳益群.鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区延长组长4+5致密油层成岩作用及成岩相[J].地球科学进展,2015,30(1):78-90.]
[9] Ren Zhanli,Zhang Sheng,Gao Shengli,et al.The significance of structure palaeogeothermal history and accumulation in Ordos Basin[J].Science in China(Series D),2007,47(Suppl. I):23-32.
[任战利,张盛,高胜利,等.鄂尔多斯盆地构造热演化史及其成藏成矿意义[J].中国科学:D辑,2007,47(增刊Ⅰ):23-32.]
[10] Yu Qiang,Ren Zhanli,Wang Baojiang,et al . Thermal evolution history of the upper paleozoic in Yanchang exploratory area,Ordos Basin[J].Geological Review,2012,58(2):303-308.
[于强,任战利,王宝江,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长探区上古生界热演化史[J].地质论评,2012,58(2):303-308.]
[11] Ren Zhanli,Zhang Sheng,Gao Shengli,et al.Research on region of maturation anomaly and formation time in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2004,80(5):674-684.
[任战利,张盛,高胜利,等.鄂尔多斯盆地热演化程度异常分布区及形成时期探讨[J].地质学报,2004,80(5):674-684.]
[12] Wu Wenhui,Huang Sijing,Chen Hongde,et al.Origin of siliceous cement in the upper paleozoic clastic rocks in Ordos Basin and its effects on reservoir quality[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2011,13(2):193-200.
[武文慧,黄思静,陈洪德,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界碎屑岩硅质胶结物形成机制及其对储集层的影响[J].古地理学报,2011,13(2):193-200.]
[13] Xi Shengli,Li Wenhou,Wei Xinshan,et al.Study on the characteristics of quartz sandsone reservoir of the neopaleozoic of two gas field in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2007,27(2) :221-229.
[席胜利,李文厚,魏新善,等.鄂尔多斯盆地上古生界两大气田不同石英砂岩储层特征对比研究[J].沉积学报,2007,27(2):221-229.]
[14] Ren Dazhong,Sun Wei,Huang Hai,et al.Formation mechanism of Chang 6 tight sandstone reservoir in Jiyuan oilfield,Ordos Basin[J].Earth Science,2016,41(10):1 735-1 744.
[任大忠,孙卫,黄海,等.鄂尔多斯盆地姬源油田长6致密砂岩储层成因机理[J].地球科学,2016,41(10):1 735-1 744.]
[15] Liu Mingjie,Liu Zhen,Liu Jingjing,et al.Coupling relationship between sandstone reservoir densification and hydrocarbon accumulation:A case from the Yanchang formation of the Xifeng and Ansai areas,Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2014,41(2):168-175.
[刘明洁,刘震,刘静静,等.砂岩储集层致密与成藏耦合关系——以鄂尔多斯盆地西峰—安塞地区延长组为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2014,41(2):168-175.]
[16] Wang Jianwei,Bao Zhidong,Chen Mengjin,et al.Differentiation of sandstones tuff fillings and its effection on porosity[J].Chinese Journal of Geology,2005,40(3):429-439.
[王建伟,鲍志东,陈孟晋,等.砂岩中的凝灰质填隙物分异特征及其对油气储集空间影响[J].地质科学,2005,40(3):429-439.]
[17] Qu Dongfang,Jiang Zhenxue,Liu Huimin,et al.A reconstruction method of porosity for clastic reservoirs during the crucial period of hydrocarbon accumulation[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(3):404-413.
[渠冬芳,姜振学,刘慧民,等.关键成藏期碎屑岩储层古法孔隙度恢复方法[J].石油学报,2012,33(3):404-413.]
[18] Wang Yanzhong, Cao Yingchang,Xi Kelai,et al.A recovery method for porosity evolution of clastic reservoirs with geological time:A case study from the upper submember of Es4 in Dongying depression,Jiyang subbasin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(6):1 100-1 111.
[王艳忠,操应长,葸克来,等.碎屑岩储层地质历史时期孔隙度演化恢复方法——以济阳坳陷东营凹陷沙河街组四段上亚段为例[J].石油学报,2013,34(6):1 100-1 111.]
[19] Liu Ruie, Sun Fenjin,Bai Wenhua,et al.An approach to the generating mechanism of secondary pores and pore evolution model of He 8 gas layer in Suligemiao gas field[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2002,29(4):47-49.
[刘锐娥,孙粉锦,拜文华,等.苏里格庙盒8气层次生孔隙成因及孔隙演化模式探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,2002,29(4):47-49.]
[20] Aase N E,Walderhaug O.The effect of hydrocarbons on quartz cementation:Diagenesis in the Upper Jurassic sandstones of the Miller Field,North Sea,revisited[J].Petroleum Geoscience,2005,11(3):215-223.
[21] Yuanyuan Zhang, Georgia Pe-Piper, Piper David J W. How sandstone porosity and permeability vary with diagenetic minerals in the Scotian Basin,offshore eastern Canada:Implications for reservoir quality[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2015,63:28-45.
[22] Molenaar N,Cyziene J,Sliaupa S,et al.Lack of inhibiting effect of oil emplacement on quartz cementation: Evidence from Cambrian reservoir sandstones,Paleozoic Baltic Basin[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin,2008,120(9/10):1 280-1 295.
[23] Surdam R C,Crossey L J,Hagen E S,et al.Organic-inorganic and sandstone diagenesis[J].AAPG Bulletin,1989,73(1):1-2.
[24] Ludwick J C.A volumeter for measuring porosity of incoherent sands[J].Journal of Sedimentary Petrology,1956,26:276-283.
[25] Pryor W A.Reservoir inhomogeneities of some recent sand bodies[J].Society of Petroleum Engineers Journal,1972, 12(3):1-12.
[26] Atkins J E.Porosity and packing of Holocene river, dune, and beach sands[J].AAPG Bulletin,1992,76:339-355.
[27] Cao Yingchang,Xi Kelai,Wang Jian,et al.Preliminary discussion of simulation experiments on the mechanical compaction and physical property evolution of sandstones[J].Geoscience,2011,25(6):1 152-1 158.
[操应长,葸克来,王健,等.砂岩机械压实与物性演化成岩模拟实验初探[J].现代地质,2011,25(6):1 152-1 158.]
[28] Luo Jinglan,Morad S,Yan Shike,et al .The reconstruct of sandstone diagenesis in river-lake delta facies and its influence of on physical property evolution of resevoir[J].Science in China(Series D),2001,31(12):1 006-1 016.
[罗静兰,Morad S,阎世可,等.河流—湖泊三角洲相砂岩成岩作用的重建及其对储层物性演化的影响——以延长油区侏罗系—上三叠统砂岩为例[J].中国科学:D辑,2001,31(12):1 006-1 016.]
[29] Luo Jinglan,Zhang Xiaoli,Zhang Yunxiang,et al.The diagenetic impact on reservoir-quality evolution of fluvial-deltaic sandstones[J].Acta Sedimentologiga Sinica,2001,19(4):541-547.
[罗静兰,张晓莉,张云翔,等.成岩作用对河流-三角洲相砂岩储层物性演化的影响[J].沉积学报,2001,19(4):541-547.]
[30] Luo Jinglan,Liu Xiaohong,Lin Tong,et al.Impact of diagenesis and hydrocarbon emplacement on sandstone reservoir quality of the Yanchang formation(upper triassic)in the Ordos Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinca,2006,80(5):664-673.
[罗静兰,刘小洪,林潼,等.成岩作用与油气侵位对鄂尔多斯盆地延长组砂岩储层物性的影响[J].地质学报,2006,80(5):664-673.]
[31] Wang Ruifei,Chen Mingqiang.Quantitative analysis of porosity evolution during the reservoir sedimentation-diagenesis[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2007,81(10):1 432-1 440.
[王瑞飞,陈明强.储层沉积—成岩过程中孔隙度参数演化的定量分析:以鄂尔多斯盆地沿25区块、庄40区块为例[J].地质学报,2007,81(10):1 432-1 440.]
[32] Li Chuanliang.Fundamentals of Reservoir Engineering[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2005:40-42.
[李传亮. 油藏工程原理[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2005:40-42.]
[33] Zhang Chuang, Sun Wei,Gao Hui, et al.Quantitative calculation of sandstone porosity evolution based on thin section data:A case study from Chang 8 reservoir of Huanjiang area,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2014,32(2):365-375.
[张创,孙卫,高辉,等.基于铸体薄片资料的砂岩储层孔隙度演化定量计算方法:以鄂尔多斯盆地环江地区长8储层为例[J].沉积学报,2014,32(2):365-375.]
[34] Beard D C,Weyl P K.Influence of texture on porosity and permeability of unconsolidated sand[J].AAPG Bulletin,1973,57(2):349-369.
[35] Pittman E D,Larese R E.Compation of lithic sands: Experimental results and applications[J].AAPG Bulletin, 1991,75(8):1 279-1 299.
[36] Lander R H,Walderhaug O.Predicting porosity through simulating sandstone compaction and quartz cementation[J].AAPG Bulletin,1999,83(3):433-449.
[37] Lander R H,Larese R E,Bonnell L M.Toward more accurate quartz cement models: The importance of euhedral versus noneuhedral growth rates[J].AAPG Bulletin,2008,92(11):1 537-1 563.
[38] Paxton S T,Szabo J O,Ajdukiewicz J M,et al.Construction of an intergranular volume compaction curve for evaluating and predicting compaction and porosity loss in rigid-grain sandstone reservoirs[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(12):2 047-2 067.
[39] Walderhaug O,Eliassen A, Aase N.Prediction of permeability in quartz-rich sandstones:Example from the Norwegian continental shelf and the Fontainebleau sandstone[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,2012,82(12):899-912.
[40] Walderhaug O.Precipitation rates for quartz cement in sandstones determined by fluid-inclusion microthemometry and temperature-history modeling[J].Journal of Sedimentary Research,1994,64(2):324-333.
[41] Ehrenberg S N.Measuring sandstone compaction from modal analyses of thin sections:How to do it and what the results mean[J].AAPG Bulletin,1995,65(2):369-379.
[42] Carvalho A S G, Dani N, De ros L F. The impact of early diagenesis on the reservoir quality of pre-salt(Aptian) sandstones in the Espirito Santo Basin, Eastern Brazil[J].Journal of Petroleum Geology,2014,37(2):127-142.
[43] Pan Gaofeng,Liu Zhen,Zhao Shu,et al.Quantitative simulation of sandstone porosity evolution:A case from Yanchang Formation of the Zhenjing area,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(2):249-256.
[潘高峰,刘震,赵舒,等.砂岩孔隙度演化定量模拟方法——以鄂尔多斯盆地镇泾地区延长组为例[J].石油学报,2011,32(2):249-256.]
[44] Lasaga A C,Lüttge A.Mineralogical approaches to fundamental crystal dissolution kinetics[J].American Mineralogist,2004,89(4):527-540.
[45] Taylor T R, Kittridge M G, Winefield P.Reservoir quality and rock properties modeling-Triassic and Jurassic sandstone,greater shearwater area,UK central North Sea[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2015,65:1-21.
[46] Li Z,Lüttge A.Al,Si order in albite and its effect on albite dissolution processes:A Monte Carlo study[J].American Mineralogist,2007,92(8/9):1 316-1 324.
[1] 杨丽华, 刘池洋, 代双和, 周义军, 毕明波, 刘永涛. 鄂尔多斯盆地古峰庄地区断裂特征及油气地质意义[J]. 地球科学进展, 2021, 36(10): 1039-1051.
[2] 薛春玲, 戴霜, 陈中阳, 汪卫国. 亚洲奥陶系牙形刺生物地层研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2021, 36(1): 29-44.
[3] 李向东,陈海燕,陈洪达. 鄂尔多斯盆地西缘桌子山地区上奥陶统拉什仲组深水复合流沉积[J]. 地球科学进展, 2019, 34(12): 1301-1315.
[4] 李向东, 阙易, 郇雅棋. 桌子山中奥陶统克里摩里组下段薄层状石灰岩垂向序列分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2017, 32(3): 276-291.
[5] 郑庆华, 柳益群. 鄂尔多斯盆地华庆地区延长组长4+5致密油层成岩作用及成岩相[J]. 地球科学进展, 2015, 30(1): 78-90.
[6] 曹青,赵靖舟,赵小会,张涛,王宝清. 鄂尔多斯盆地宜川—黄陵地区马家沟组流体包裹体特征及其意义[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(7): 819-828.
[7] 李相博,付金华,陈启林,刘显阳,刘化清,郭彦如,完颜容,廖建波,魏立花,黄军平. 砂质碎屑流概念及其在鄂尔多斯盆地延长组深水沉积研究中的应用[J]. 地球科学进展, 2011, 26(3): 286-294.
[8] 林春明, 张霞, 周健, 徐深谋, 俞昊, 陈召佑. 鄂尔多斯盆地大牛地气田下石盒子组储层成岩作用特征[J]. 地球科学进展, 2011, 26(2): 212-223.
[9] 丁汝鑫,王利,许长海,周祖翼. 大别造山带与毗邻沉积盆地间剥蚀沉积关系的裂变径迹热史模拟定量对比[J]. 地球科学进展, 2009, 24(8): 942-946.
阅读次数
全文


摘要