煤层回采工作面底板破坏探查技术的发展现状

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2017.06.0577

地球科学进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (6): 577 -588. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2017.06.0577

张平松(

), 孙斌杨 ^*(

)

安徽理工大学地球与环境学院,安徽淮南 232001

收稿日期:2017-02-07 修回日期:2017-05-13 出版日期:2017-06-20
通讯作者: 孙斌杨 E-mail:pszhang@sohu.com;binyangsun1993@163.com
基金资助:
安徽省教育厅自然科学研究重大项目“煤层构造异常地震波场响应特征及三维透射成像研究”(编号:KJ2016SD17);安徽省学术和技术带头人科研活动经费资助项目(编号:2016D079)资助

Development Status of the Detection Technology for Coal-seam Stope Floor Damage

Pingsong Zhang( ), Binyang Sun ^*( )

School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan Anhui 232001, China

Received:2017-02-07 Revised:2017-05-13 Online:2017-06-20 Published:2017-06-10
Contact: Binyang Sun E-mail:pszhang@sohu.com;binyangsun1993@163.com
About author:
First author:Zhang Pingsong(1971-),male,Liuan City,Anhui Province,Professor. Research areas include teaching and research work of geophysics exploration.E-mail:pszhang@sohu.com

*Corresponding author:Sun Binyang(1992-),male,Huainan City,Anhui Province,Master student. Research areas include engineering and environmental geophysical exploration.E-mail:binyangsun1993@163.com
Supported by:
Project supported by the Major Project about the Natural Science Research by Department of Education Anhui Province Science Research Project “Study on seismic wave field tesponse characteristics of coal seam structure and three-dimensional transmission imaging” (No.KJ2016SD17);Scientific research activities of academic and technological leaders of Anhui Province (No.2016D079)

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浅部煤炭资源枯竭使得深部开采已进入实施阶段,而深部煤层所处地质环境较为复杂,开采过程中多受到底板灰岩承压水的威胁,解决突水问题的关键是有效查明底板岩层的破坏机理。国内外相关学者对此进行大量研究,其中地球物理手段在底板岩层破坏探查中取得良好效果。在采场底板岩层破坏测试研究现状分析的基础上,详细论述了电法、电磁法、地震法以及新技术布里渊散射光时域反射测量技术(BOTDR)的方法原理及其在底板变形破坏探查方面的应用现状,分析了不同探查方法技术的特点,揭示其在应用中存在的影响因素及不足,提出采场底板全空间、多参数、实时监测的思路,开发底板岩层井上下一体化动态监测预警系统,对采煤面底板岩层变形与破坏过程岩水条件探查技术的发展方向进行了展望。

关键词: 底板破坏, 岩水耦合, 地球物理, 探查技术

The exhaustion of coal resources in the shallow part has made deep mining enter into the implementation stage, however the geological environment of deep coal seam is relatively complex; the mining process is threatened by confined water in the basal limestone while the key point of solving water inrush is to check the fracture mechanism of floor strata. A large number of scholars both at home and abroad have explored this issue and the geophysical method has achieved a good effect in probing floor strata. Based on research status analysis of stope floor strata fracture, this paper stated the technological principles of electrical method, electromagnetic method, seismic wave method and new technology-Brillouin Optic Time-Domain Reflectometer (BOTDR) and their application status in probing basal deformation and fracture, and analyzed technical features of different probing methods. It revealed the influencing factors and deficiencies in their application, proposed the idea of total space, multiple parameters, real-time monitoring of stope floor, developed integrated dynamic monitoring alarming system of basal stratum and looked into the development direction of rock water detection technology during the process of coal mining floor strata deformation and fracture.

Key words: Floor strata failure, Rock-water coupling, Geophysics, Exploration technology.

中图分类号:

P631

图1 回采工作面底板岩层受力变化示意图

Fig.1 The stress variation of floor rock in working face

图2 双巷三维并行电法观测系统布置图

Fig.2 Two-gateways parallel 3-D electrical observation system layout

图3 淮南某矿工作面底板下20 m切片电阻率成像解释图

Fig.3 Imaging interpretation map of section resistivity at 20 m below work face floor in one mine of Huainan

图4 钻孔电阻率CT布置示意图

Fig.4 The layout of borehole resistivity CT

图5 淮南某矿钻孔电阻率反演比值图

Fig.5 Inversion rate of drilling resistivity in Huainan

图6 单孔声波测试系统图

Fig.6 Single hole acoustic wave test system diagram

图7 震波CT观测系统图

Fig.7 Seismic CT observation system diagram

图8 纵波波速CT切片图

Fig.8 CT slice of reversed wave velocity for longitudinal wave

图9 淮南某矿底板分布式光纤单孔测试结果图

Fig.9 Results of single-hole distributed optical fiber in bottom of a mine in Huainan

图10 底板空间观测系统布置及结果图

Fig.10 Arrangement of floor space observation system and result

图11 采场底板岩水环境原位监测技术系统示意图

Fig.11 In situ monitoring technology system of floor rock water environment

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