平流层微量气体变化趋势的研究

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2009.03.0308

采用HALOE提供的1992—2005年的资料，分析了平流层几种微量气体（臭氧、HCl，HF，NO，NO₂，水汽和甲烷）的混合比在不同高度、不同纬度带的变化趋势, 以期为研究平流层的辐射和化学过程提供一些有用的数据。结果表明，在不同纬度带这些微量气体的变化特征并不相同，在不同高度上他们的变化特征也不大一样。这14年臭氧的变化趋势与其他几种微量气体的变化趋势对比表明，在平流层上层，1990年代中期以后臭氧浓度的恢复比较明显，而且这14年臭氧的变化趋势与HCl、HF和水汽的变化趋势是相反的。在平流层中层臭氧的变化趋势复杂一些，除一些微量成分对它的破坏外，还受到其它因素的影响。但1997—2002年臭氧混合比增大，与HCl、NO，NO₂和水汽混合比的减小趋势是相反的，这说明《蒙特利尔条约》及其它环保措施的实施对平流层中层臭氧浓度的恢复也已初见成效。

关键词: 平流层, 微量气体, 变化趋势

In order to provide some useful data for the studies of the radiative and chemical processes in stratosphere, the variation trends of the trace gases (O₃, HCl, HF, NO NO₂, H₂O and CH₄) in stratosphere have been analyzed for various altitudes and latitudes by using the HALOE data from 1992 to 2005. The results show that the trends of the traces gases are different in various latitudes as well as in various levels of stratosphere. Comparing the trends of O₃ with the trends of the other traces gases shows that the recovery of the ozone concentration after the mid-1990s is clear in the upper stratosphere, and the trend of O₃ in these 14 years is opposite to the trend of HCl, HF and water vapor. In the middle stratosphere, the variation of O₃ is complicated. Besides destroyed by the ozone-depleting substances, ozone concentration would be affected by the other factors. The increase trends of ozone mixing ratio from 1997 to 2002 was opposite to the decrease trends of HCl, NO, NO₂ and water vapor. That means the benefits of Montreal agreement which make the decrease of those traces, have won initial success for the recovery of the ozone concentration not only in upper stratosphere but also in middle stratosphere.

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Key words: Stratosphere, Trace gases, Variation trend.

中图分类号:

P421.22

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摘要

A Study of the Trends of the Trace Gases in Stratosphere