臭氧变化及其气候效应的研究进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1999.01.0037

综述了近20年来臭氧变化的规律和机制及其气候效应等领域的研究进展,指出对流层臭氧(主要在北半球)增加、平流层臭氧减少和臭氧总量减少是全球臭氧的变化趋势,原因主要是人类活动导致的NO_x、NMHC、CO、CH₄等对流层臭氧前体物的增加和NO_x、H₂O、N₂O、CFCs等平流层臭氧损耗物质的增加。臭氧变化引起的气候效应表现在对流层臭氧的增加将带来地表和低层大气的升温,平流层臭氧的减少则可能导致地表和低层大气的升温或降温。将全球或区域气候模式和大气化学模式进行完全耦合来研究臭氧变化的气候效应是一种十分有效的手段,具有广阔的应用前景。

关键词: 臭氧, 对流层, 平流层, 气侯效应

In this paper,the developments of study on characteristics and mechanism of ozone variation and its climate effect are reviewed.The amount of tropospheric O3(in NorthHemisphere)is increasing,that of stratospheric O3is decreasing and the total ozone amount also is decreasing which show the trend of global ozone variation.The main reason is that the O3precusors,such as NOx,NMHC,CO,CH4,are increasing due to human activities and the species(NOx,H2O,N2O,CFCs)which can destroy stratospheric O3are increasing.The enhancement of tropospheric O3will warm the ground surface and the lower atmosphere and the depletion of stratospheric O3may warm or cool the ground surface and lower atmosphere.It is a very effective way to use the global or regional climate model coupled with a atmospheric chemistry model for study on ozone variation and its climate effect.

Key words: Ozone, Troposphere, Stratosphere, Climatic effect.

中图分类号:

P421/X13

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摘要

DEVELOPMENT OF STUDY ON OZONE VARIATION AND ITS CLIMATIC EFFECT