我国的地球系统科学研究向何处去

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2003.06.0837

近15年来，全球变化与地球系统科学研究在中国广泛开展，我国科学家越来越积极地参加各项国际计划。当前，一些重大的国际计划正在进入其新阶段（如IGBP-II，IODP），恰好我国也正在制定科技发展中长期规划，迫切需要回顾我国地球系统科学的现状并探讨其今后方向。尽管中国作者的国际论文数量在增长，我国地球系统科学落后于国际的差距仍有拉大的趋势：国际前沿的许多热点问题，在中国尚未提上日程；中国学者在国际计划中早期多有贡献，但在项目总结中却很少有份。为此，提出 3点建议：（1）中国地球科学家应当扩大视野、立足本国、面向全球；（2）应当注意国际前沿动向，促进地学与生命科学在分子水平上的结合；（3）中国的地球科学，应当从以描述为主向探索理的方向发展。我们不应当满足于向国际学术界输出"原料"，而要积极参加地球系统科学中关键问题的理论探讨。

关键词: 地球系统科学, 地球圈层相互作用, 地学与生命科学的结合

During the past 15 years, the global change and Earth system sciences have been extensively developed in China, with increasingly active participation of Chinese scientists in various international programs. Currently, the major international programs are entering their new phases (e.g. IGBP-II, IODP), and China is outlining its National Middle-to-Long Term Plan for Science and Technology Development, providing a need to review the status of the Earth system science in China and to reconsider its future direction. Regardless of the growing number of international publications by Chinese scientists, a trend of increasing lag of the Chinese behind international Earth system sciences studies appears to remain: Many "hot-spot" issues on the international frontiers have not yet been raised in China, and Chinese scientists are rarely involved in synthetic studies of international programs despite of their early-stage contributions. Consequently, the paper presents three suggestions as follows:(1) The time is ripe for Chinese Earth scientists to broaden their geographical scope and to attack scientific problems of global scale. The majority of Earth science studies in China may still focus on domestic issues, but a global view is needed when interpreting regional or local phenomena. Small groups should be encouraged to directly enter into global competition, working on oceanic or planetary issues. (2)To follow the international frontiers, China has to promote incorporation between Earth and life sciences at a molecular level. As the results of recent discovery of the "Deep Biosphere" under sea floor and of geochemical role of underground microbes, some core geoscience and bioscience concepts are being fundamentally revised. And the evolution of life is to be approached from an integration of paleontology, molecular biology, and geochemistry. (3) Chinese Earth science is to be promoted to shift from basically descriptive work to mechanism searching. We should not be satisfied with providing "raw material" export to the global science, but should be active in theoretical studies directed to key questions in the Earth system science. For this purpose, we need well-designed problem-oriented field and laboratory experiments, and hypothesis-testing numerical modeling, in addition to high-quality records of observations and analyses.

Key words: Earth system science, Interactions between Earth sub-systems, Incorporation between Earth and life sciences.

中图分类号:

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EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE IN CHINA [WT3HX]QUO VADIS？