沙尘暴卫星遥感研究进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2003.03.0367

研究沙尘暴对我国北方地区的生态环境建设和可持续发展有着重要意义。近10年来，我国北方地区的沙尘暴天气呈现增长的趋势，相关学科都从不同侧面展开对沙尘暴的研究。主要综述了国内外利用卫星遥感技术研究沙尘暴的进展。对沙尘暴的国内外研究历史和现状进行了简要回顾，然后系统地介绍了应用遥感技术开展沙尘暴研究的数据源及其特点、原理和技术方法，其中，对沙尘暴遥感研究的技术方法给予了更为详细的介绍，最后针对现有研究的不足，对未来沙尘暴遥感研究的方向进行了展望。

关键词: 沙尘暴, 卫星遥感, 监测方法

Researching dust storm is very important for ecological environment construction and sustainable development in the north of China.In the past ten years, the dust storm weather in the north of China has shown an upward trend, and researchers in relating subjects began studying dust storm from different sides. This article summarizes the development of studying dust storm by remote sensing in the world. Firstly, this paper gives a brief review of the history and actuality about researching dust storm in the world, then, it systemically introduces the data resources, characteristics, theories and technologies about researching dust storm with remote sensing. Among which, we lay emphasis on the technologies of researching dust storm with remote sensing. Finally, aiming at the shortage of actual research, this paper conceives the development trend of studying dust storm using remote sensing in future:① Using multi-sources image data is the major trend in the dust storm research and establishing quantitative remote sensing model of information extraction is also important;② It is necessary to do some ground experiments in the proper area to improve the precise of calculation of dust storm optics thickness, sandy quantity and intensity; ③ It is also very important to extract some parameters(such as land use, moist of soil, composition and structure of vegetation) of ground data along dust storm path by remote sensing. In addition, based on GIS, it is urgent to establish the spatial database about Gobi, desert, desertification land and potential densification land, and combining the climatic factors (temperature, precipitation and wind) and topography conditions relating dust storm to develop quantitative model to analysis the relationship between ground surface factor and the intensity of dust storm.

Key words: Remote sensing, Dust storm, Monitor method.

中图分类号:

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ADVANCES IN STUDYING DUST STORM USING REMOTE SENSING