大地热流对中国西部环境与生态演变的影响及其研究意义

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2003.01.0022

中国西部地区生态环境的优劣与大地热流的高低有良好的对应关系。大地热流较高的西南地区生态环境优良，孕育了我国最好的生物多样性；而大地热流较低的西北地区环境恶劣，生态脆弱，荒漠化严重。大地热流的脉动影响区域大气系统下垫面的热力背景和气流运动，从而影响降水的分布和区域气候的干湿程度；大地热流的高低决定了一个地区地表生态系统能量供给的下限，是生态系统演变过程中一个重要的物种限制因子，制约了一些地区生态系统物种的多样性，进而影响到区域生态系统的稳健性。对大地热流影响生态系统发育和演变机理的研究将为人类科学干预地表生态系统的演化、恢复与重建退化生态系统提供科学依据与技术方案。提出了西部生态环境整治的一些新的思路。

关键词: 大地热流, 生态环境, 西部大开发, 荒漠整治

The quality of the ecological environment correlated very well with the density of the terrestrial heat flow in the western China. The ecological environment is excellent and the biodiversity is the best in the southern part of western China where heat flow from interior of the earth is quite high; while ecological environment is very bad, the ecologic system is fragile and desertification is serious in the northern part of western China where heat flow from interior of the earth is quite low. The pulse fluctuation of terrestrial heat flow may affect the background thermal pattern of the underlying surface of the atmospheric systemand the movement of airflow, so as to affect the spatial distribution of rainfall and humidity of the regional climate. At the same time, as one of the heat energy source of the ground ecosystem, the terrestrial heat flow defines the lowerlimit of the energy supply of the ecosystem in the region and is considered to be an important limiting factor for species in the process of ecologic evolution, which may constrain the biodiversity of the ecosystem in some region and thus affect the robustness of the regional ecosystem. The study on the mechanism of how the terrestrial heat flow affect the development and evolution of the ecosystem, will provide scientific basis and technical support for the human being to interfere the evolution of the ground ecosystem rationally and restore or reconstruct the degraded ecosystem. Some new idea and important proposals for the control and improvement of ecologic environment in western China were put forward in the paper.

Key words: Terrestrial heat flow, Ecologic environment, Development of western China, Control of desertification.

中图分类号:

X141

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摘要

EFFECTS OF TERRESTRIAL HEAT FLOW ON THE ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGIC EVOLUTION OF WESTERN CHINA AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE