冀北承德盆地奥陶纪冶里组叠层石的发现及沉积环境

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2018.05.0545

地球科学进展 ›› 2018, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 545 -553. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2018.05.0545

研究简报上一篇

冀北承德盆地奥陶纪冶里组叠层石的发现及沉积环境

关秀宇 ¹(

), 郭杰 ², 陈海燕 ^1, ^*(

), 修迪 ¹, 张运强 ¹

1.河北省区域地质矿产调查研究所,河北廊坊 065000
2.中国石油集团工程设计有限公司华北分公司,河北任丘 062552

收稿日期:2017-08-11 修回日期:2018-03-27 出版日期:2018-05-20
通讯作者: 陈海燕 E-mail:286387297@qq.com;chenhaiyanok@163.com
基金资助:
*中国地质调查局基础地质调查项目“河北1∶ 5万新杖子、承德幅区域地质矿产调查”(编号:1212011220486)资助.

Discovery of Stromatolites from the Ordovician Yeli Formation and Its Sedimentary Environment in Chengde Basin, Hebei Province

Xiuyu Guan ¹( ), Jie Guo ², Haiyan Chen ^1, ^*( ), Di Xiu ¹, Yunqiang Zhang ¹

1.Hebei Institute of Regional Geological and Mineral Resource Survey, Langfang Hebei 065000, China
2.China Petrolenm Engineering Coltd HuaBei Branch, Renqiu Hebei 062552, China

Received:2017-08-11 Revised:2018-03-27 Online:2018-05-20 Published:2018-06-13
Contact: Haiyan Chen E-mail:286387297@qq.com;chenhaiyanok@163.com
About author:
First author:Guan Xiuyu(1984-),female,Langfang City,Hebei Province,Engineer. Research areas include regional geological and mineral resources surveys. E-mail:286387297@qq.com
Supported by:
Project supported by the Funding for Fundamental Geological Survey Project “Regional geological and mineral survey on the scale of 1∶ 50000 in Chengde and Xinzhangzi map sheet”(No.1212011220486).

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通过1∶ 5万区域地质调查,在冶里组中发现了叠层石,识别为雅库特叠层石Jacutophyton,颈状叠层石Collumnacollenia,卡塔夫叠层石Katavia f.和拟锥叠层石Paraconophyton,填补了区域上冶里组生物地层该项空白,丰富了奥陶纪生物地层内容。叠层石的形态特征说明其主要生长在潮下带中下部能量较低的环境中,有时转变成潮下带中上部能量较高的环境,可能代表了由下而上由深而浅的副层序模式。结合岩性岩相和基本层序分析,冶里组整体相序特征为:浅海陆棚相页岩→缓坡相含海绿石砂屑灰岩→潮下—潮间带亮晶生屑鲕粒砂屑灰岩、亮晶团块灰岩、叠层石灰岩→潮间带白云石化泥晶灰岩,构成向上水体变浅的沉积序列,推断冶里组沉积环境整体为浅海陆棚至潮间带环境。这一结论与根据冶里组岩性岩相及基本层序得出的沉积环境的结论吻合较好。

关键词: 叠层石, 沉积环境, 冶里组, 承德盆地

On the basis of our regional geological survey report of Chengde Basin on the scale of 1∶ 50000, it was the first time to discover the stromatolites in Yeli-Formation with stratigraphic determination techniques and isotope analysis techniques. It is well known that Yeli Formation is consisted of gray-green thin limestone with yellowish-green and gray-black shale. The bottom of Yeli Formation is thick black limestone with pyrite nodules. According to the characteristics of lithology, structure, sedimentary structure and microscopic microfacies, Yeli Formation can be divided into shale facies and limestone facies. Yeli Formation can be identified into six kinds of basic sequence according to the limestone assemblage, lithological facies characteristics and phase sequence rule. The ingredient of these stromatolites was recognized as Jacutophyton, Colloumnacollenia, Katavia and Paraconophyton. The discovery of stromatolites as shown in Chengde Basin amplitude regional geological survey report has filled the gap in the biogenic strata of the Yeli Formation. Besides, the contents of Ordovician biostragraphy have been enriched according to our regional geological survey of Chengde Basin. The growing environment of stromatolites was mainly in the lower tidal zone with the lower energy environment, sometime transformed the upper tidal zone with the upper energy environment. The growing environment of stromatolites can be concluded through the morphology of stromatolites. From the morphology of stromatolites, it also revealed that Ordovician biostragraphy belongs to vice-sequence stratum deposition mode from bottom up, deep and shallow. Combination of lithological facies and basic sequence analysis, the overall phase sequence characteristics of Yeli-Formation can be described as follows: Shales in shelf facies→glauconite sandstone in ramp facies→sparite spergenite, lump sparite, laminated limestone in subtidal-intertidal belt→dolomitization-micrite in intertical belt. The shallowing upwards sedimentary sequence was formation ultimately. According to the shallowing upwards sedimentary sequence, it could be deduced that the environment of Yeli Formations was from shallow sea shelf to intertidal environment by the Shallow sea shelf to intertidal environment. This conclusion was in good agreement with the conclusion of its sedimentary environment based on the lithologic facies and the basic sequence of the Yeli Formation. Our regional geological survey report of Chengde Basin provides a new understanding of stromatolites.

Key words: Stromatolite, Sedimentary environment, Yeli Formation, Chengde Basin.

中图分类号:

图1 承德盆地石灰窑一带地质简图

Fig.1 Simplified geological map from Shihuiyao belt of Chengde Basin

图1 承德盆地石灰窑一带地质简图

Fig.1 Simplified geological map from Shihuiyao belt of Chengde Basin

图2 承德盆地石灰窑一带冶里组实测剖面图

Fig.2 Surveyed geological profile from Shihuiyao belt of Chengde Basin

图2 承德盆地石灰窑一带冶里组实测剖面图

Fig.2 Surveyed geological profile from Shihuiyao belt of Chengde Basin

表1 冶里组岩相特征表

Table 1 Facies characteristics Yeli Formation

岩相	岩性	特征描述	环境解释
页岩相	页岩	灰绿色、浅黄色,夹灰色薄层状透镜状灰岩	浅海陆棚
灰岩相	砾屑灰岩	灰色,中层,亮晶砾屑结构,砾屑呈条状、竹叶状	风暴作用
	亮晶生屑鲕粒砂屑灰岩、白云石化亮晶团块灰岩、叠层石灰岩	灰色,厚层,岩石由砂屑、鲕粒、生屑、团块组成, 亮晶胶结,发育大量锥柱状叠层石	潮下—潮间带
	泥质条带灰岩	灰红色、灰黄色,中层,层内含黄色泥质条带	缓坡
	海绿石砂质生屑灰岩	灰色,中层,岩石由生屑、砂、海绿石组成,亮晶胶结	缓坡
	白云石化泥晶灰岩	灰黄色,厚层,岩石发生白云石化	潮间带

表1 冶里组岩相特征表

Table 1 Facies characteristics Yeli Formation

岩相	岩性	特征描述	环境解释
页岩相	页岩	灰绿色、浅黄色,夹灰色薄层状透镜状灰岩	浅海陆棚
灰岩相	砾屑灰岩	灰色,中层,亮晶砾屑结构,砾屑呈条状、竹叶状	风暴作用
	亮晶生屑鲕粒砂屑灰岩、白云石化亮晶团块灰岩、叠层石灰岩	灰色,厚层,岩石由砂屑、鲕粒、生屑、团块组成, 亮晶胶结,发育大量锥柱状叠层石	潮下—潮间带
	泥质条带灰岩	灰红色、灰黄色,中层,层内含黄色泥质条带	缓坡
	海绿石砂质生屑灰岩	灰色,中层,岩石由生屑、砂、海绿石组成,亮晶胶结	缓坡
	白云石化泥晶灰岩	灰黄色,厚层,岩石发生白云石化	潮间带

表1 冶里组岩相特征表

Table 1 Facies characteristics Yeli Formation

岩相	岩性	特征描述	环境解释
页岩相	页岩	灰绿色、浅黄色,夹灰色薄层状透镜状灰岩	浅海陆棚
灰岩相	砾屑灰岩	灰色,中层,亮晶砾屑结构,砾屑呈条状、竹叶状	风暴作用
	亮晶生屑鲕粒砂屑灰岩、白云石化亮晶团块灰岩、叠层石灰岩	灰色,厚层,岩石由砂屑、鲕粒、生屑、团块组成, 亮晶胶结,发育大量锥柱状叠层石	潮下—潮间带
	泥质条带灰岩	灰红色、灰黄色,中层,层内含黄色泥质条带	缓坡
	海绿石砂质生屑灰岩	灰色,中层,岩石由生屑、砂、海绿石组成,亮晶胶结	缓坡
	白云石化泥晶灰岩	灰黄色,厚层,岩石发生白云石化	潮间带

表1 冶里组岩相特征表

Table 1 Facies characteristics Yeli Formation

岩相	岩性	特征描述	环境解释
页岩相	页岩	灰绿色、浅黄色,夹灰色薄层状透镜状灰岩	浅海陆棚
灰岩相	砾屑灰岩	灰色,中层,亮晶砾屑结构,砾屑呈条状、竹叶状	风暴作用
	亮晶生屑鲕粒砂屑灰岩、白云石化亮晶团块灰岩、叠层石灰岩	灰色,厚层,岩石由砂屑、鲕粒、生屑、团块组成, 亮晶胶结,发育大量锥柱状叠层石	潮下—潮间带
	泥质条带灰岩	灰红色、灰黄色,中层,层内含黄色泥质条带	缓坡
	海绿石砂质生屑灰岩	灰色,中层,岩石由生屑、砂、海绿石组成,亮晶胶结	缓坡
	白云石化泥晶灰岩	灰黄色,厚层,岩石发生白云石化	潮间带

图3 冶里组基本层序类型图

Fig.3 Type map of basic strata sequence from Yeli Formaiton

图3 冶里组基本层序类型图

Fig.3 Type map of basic strata sequence from Yeli Formaiton

图4 冶里组叠层石野外照片
(a)雅库特叠层石;(b)颈状叠层石;(c)卡塔夫叠层石;(d)拟锥叠层石

Fig.4 Stromatolites from Yeli Formation
(a) Jacutophyton;(b) Collumnacollenia;(c) Katavia;(d) Praconophyton

图4 冶里组叠层石野外照片
(a)雅库特叠层石;(b)颈状叠层石;(c)卡塔夫叠层石;(d)拟锥叠层石

Fig.4 Stromatolites from Yeli Formation
(a) Jacutophyton;(b) Collumnacollenia;(c) Katavia;(d) Praconophyton

图5 冶里组叠层石显微照片
(a)雅库特叠层石带状微构造;(b)带状微构造示意图;(c)雅库特叠层石链球状、缠绕状微生物组构;(d)链球状、缠绕状生物结构示意图

Fig.5 Microphotographs of stromatolites from Yeli Formation
(a)The microstructure as banding in Jacutophyton stromatolites;(b) The sketch map of microstructure as banding;(c)The biological structure as hammer and twining shape in Jacutophyton stromatolites;(d)The sketch map of biological structure as hammer and twining shape

图6 河北北部冶里组柱状区域对比图
1.砾屑灰岩;2.生屑灰岩;3.泥质条带灰岩;4海绿石灰岩;5.泥质灰岩;6.砂屑灰岩;7.叠层石灰岩;8.虫孔灰岩;9.页岩

Fig.6 Columnar correlation of the Yeli Formation in Northern Hebei Province
1:Calcirudyte; 2:Bioclastic limestone;3:Argillaceous strip limestone;4:Glauconitic limestone; 5:Argillaceous limestone; 6:Calcarenite;7:Laminated limestone; 8:Wormhole limestone; 9:Shale

图6 河北北部冶里组柱状区域对比图
1.砾屑灰岩;2.生屑灰岩;3.泥质条带灰岩;4海绿石灰岩;5.泥质灰岩;6.砂屑灰岩;7.叠层石灰岩;8.虫孔灰岩;9.页岩

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