地球科学进展

地球科学进展 ›› 2014, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (8): 974 -984. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2014.08.0974

上一篇    

紫金山金铜矿黄铁矿化学成分标型特征及其意义
张文媛 1( ), 王翠芝 1, *( ), 魏晓灿 2, 范明森 1, 陈丽华 1   
  1. 1 福州大学紫金矿业学院, 福建福州 350108
    2 紫金矿业集团股份有限公司, 福建上杭 364200
  • 收稿日期:2014-04-29 修回日期:2014-07-21 出版日期:2014-09-16
  • 通讯作者: 王翠芝 E-mail:wenyuanzhang66@163.com;wcuizhi@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“紫金山铜金矿硫酸盐对成矿的指示作用”（编号：41072067）资助

The Implications and Typomorphic Characteristics of Pyrite Chemical Composition in Zijinshan GoldCopper Deposit

Wenyuan Zhang 1( ), Cuizhi Wang 1( ), Xiaocan Wei 2, Mingsen Fan 1, Lihua Chen 1   

  1. (1 Zijinmining college of Fuzhou university, Fuzhou 350108, China
    2 Zijin Mining grop company limited, Shanghang 364200, China)
  • Received:2014-04-29 Revised:2014-07-21 Online:2014-09-16 Published:2014-09-17
全文 ( 4 ) 下载PDF ( 933 )

紫金山金铜矿属典型的高硫化型浅成低温热液矿床。黄铁矿的电子探针（EPMA）测试和S同位素分析显示, 该区黄铁矿总体表现为亏Fe富S型, S/Fe原子比从浅部到深部呈现升高的趋势, 表明深部成矿是高氧—高硫化环境;黄铁矿的Ni-Co图解、As-Co-Ni三角相图解及w(Se), w(S)/w(Se)标型特征显示, 其是与火山作用有关的热液成因;该区黄铁矿是原生金的主要载金矿物, Au是以纳米级自然金（Au0）的形式存在的;黄铁矿的w(Cu+Pb+Zn)从浅部到深部呈逐渐增加的趋势;黄铁矿微量元素的lga-lgb成正相关关系;黄铁矿的微量元素综合比值Φ从浅部到深部呈逐渐降低的趋势;黄铁矿的S同位素结果表明, 其δ34S值介于-3.0‰~3.5‰之间, 极差为6.50‰, 平均值为-0.18‰, S主要来源于深部岩浆。根据其化学成分标型特征, 总结该矿床的产出环境、热液及成矿物质来源等成因信息, 并对高硫化型浅成低温热液矿床中黄铁矿的化学成分标型提供一定的研究基础。

关键词: 紫金山金铜矿床, 黄铁矿, 化学成分, 电子探针, S同位素

：Zijinshan Gold-copper deposit is attributed to the typical high- sulphidation epithermal deposit. Byingthe electron microprobe (EPMA) test and sulfur isotope analysis of pyrite shows that the generally pyrite is sulfur-rich and iron- deficiency type in this area. From shallow to deep, the S / Fe atomic ratio showing increasing trend. It indicated that a metallogenic environment of highly acidic with high oxygen and sulfur fugacity. The Ni-Codiagrams, As-Co-Ni ternary phase diagrams and standard type features of w(Se) and w(S)/ w(Se) indicated that the pyrite is hydrothermal related to volcanism. Pyrite of this area is the contained gold mineral, the occurrence of gold in pyrite exist in nanoscale particle form. w(Cu + Pb + Zn) of pyrite Tend to gradually increased from shallow to deep. The trace elements lga-lgb of pyrite was positive correlation. The comprehensive trace element ratios Ф of pyrite was gradually decreased from shallow to deep. The sulfur isotope analysis results of pyrite showed that the {Invalid MML} value from -3.0‰ to 3.5‰, with amean of 6.50‰ and average of -0.18‰, which are similar to the magmatic sulfur. According to the typomorphic characteristics of the chemical composition, summarizing the environment of the deposit, the causes information, such as the hydrothermal, the mineral sources and so on .It also provides certain research bases to study the typomorphic characteristic of pyrite composition in the high sulphidation type epithermal gold-copper deposit.

Key words: Zijinshan gold-copper deposit, pyrite, chemical composition, EPMA, sulfur isotope

中图分类号: 

图1 紫金山金铜矿床3线铜矿体地质剖面图(据福建紫金矿业股份有限公司, 2008修改) 1-中细粒花岗岩;2-石英(斑)岩;3-蚀变分带界限;4-金矿体;5-铜矿体;6-矿带划分界限
Fig 1. Copper ore body section of 3 rd line in Zijinshan gold-copper deposit (according to the Zijin mining group Co., LTD., 2008) 1-middle fine granite;2-quartz porphyry;3-Boundary line of alteration belt;4-gold body;5-copper body;6-Boundary line of mineralization belt
表1 样品采样位置及岩性
Table1 Sample location and lithology
样品 688-6 712-10 724-12 DZK301-8 XI-3 XI-4 ZK314-3 ZK007-08
标高(m) 688.00 712.00 724.00 283.50 120.15 108.88 599.29 500.00
成矿期次 I I I I II II II II
岩性 热液隐爆角砾岩 明矾石化中细粒花岗岩 明矾石化中细粒花岗岩 伊利石明矾石化中细粒花岗岩 热液隐爆角砾岩 明矾石硅化中细粒花岗岩 明矾石化中细粒花岗岩 明矾石化中细粒花岗岩
样品 ZK304-30 688-2 724-6 ZK12-13-6 ZK411-6 DZK1601-4 DZK702-6 DZK301-11
标高(m) 143.45 688.00 724.00 435.33 814.44 -145.53 238.10 -55.97
成矿期次 II III III III III I II II
岩性 明矾石化中细粒花岗岩 明矾石硅化中细粒花岗岩 地开石硅化中细粒花岗岩 地开石硅化中细粒花岗岩 硅化中细粒花岗岩 明矾石化中细粒花岗岩 明矾石化中细粒花岗岩 地开石明矾石化中细粒花岗岩
样品 ZK704-13 ZK004-30 DZK001-9 ZK406-1 DZK803-7 ZK312-19 DZK403-3
标高(m) 447.29 339.61 -135.37 782.16 -209.00 445.04 -189.07
成矿期次 II II II II II III III
岩性 热液隐爆角砾岩 热液隐爆角砾岩 热液隐爆角砾岩 明矾石化中细粒花岗岩 热液隐爆角砾岩 明矾石化硅化中细粒花岗岩 明矾石硅化中细粒花岗岩
图2 紫金山金铜矿黄铁矿的矿相学特征 (a)浸染状构造与脉状构造;(b)团块状构造;(c)碎裂构造;(d)脉状构造;(e)半自形-自形晶粒状结构;(f)脉状分布的黄铁矿;(g)他形-半自形晶粒状结构;(h)碎裂结构;(i)铜蓝沿黄铁矿碎裂充填;(j)环带结构;(k)黄铁矿沿铜硫化合物边缘分布;(l)与铜蓝共生的黄铁矿;(m)-(o)残余结构;(p)脉状黄铁矿; PyI-成矿前期黄铁矿;PyII-成矿期黄铁矿;PyIII-成矿后期黄铁矿;Alu-明矾石;Dig-蓝辉铜矿;Cov-铜蓝;En-硫砷铜矿;Bn-斑铜矿;Ccp-黄铜矿
Fig 2. Fig 2 The ore microscopy characteristics ofpyrites in Zijinshan gold-copper deposit (a) disseminated and vein structure; (b) agglomerate structure; (c) fragmentation structure; (d) vein structure; (e) hypidiomorphic-automorphic granular texture; (f) vein distribution pyrite; (g) allotriomorphic-hypidiomorphic granular texture; (h) fragmentation texture; (i) covellite filling the fissure of pyrite; (j) zoning texture; (k) pyrite distributed in the edge of the copper-sulfur compounds; (l) pytite symbiosis with covellite; (m) - (o) residual texture ; (p)vein distribution pyrite; PyI-pyrite formed before the Ore-forming; PyII-pyrite formed the Ore-forming; PyIII-pyrite formed after the Ore-forming; Alu-Alunite; Dig-Digenite; Cov-Covellite; En-Enargite; Bn-Bornite; Ccp-Chalcopyrite
表2 黄铁矿的电子探针（EPMA）点分析结果表（w B/%）
Table 2 EPMA spots analytical results of pyrites（w B/%）
样品号 n(m) Se Co Ni As Au Ag Fe S Cu Pb Zn Sn Sb W Mo Total
688-6 1(2) 0.000 0.059 0.054 0.011 0.017 0.014 45.168 52.768 1.292 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.009 0.000 99.357
2(5) 0.006 0.084 0.000 0.008 0.020 0.003 45.415 52.842 0.029 0.002 0.009 0.000 0.000 0.029 0.000 98.445
3(5) 0.011 0.054 0.006 0.005 0.011 0.008 45.437 53.311 0.011 0.000 0.008 0.000 0.022 0.019 0.000 98.903
4(6) 0.012 0.058 0.032 0.001 0.005 0.007 45.377 53.332 0.097 0.000 0.009 0.000 0.003 0.008 0.000 98.940
712-10 1(4) 0.028 0.060 0.001 0.005 0.015 0.003 45.531 53.492 0.007 0.016 0.004 0.000 0.003 0.029 0.000 99.193
续表2(continue to table2)
样品号 n(m) Se Co Ni As Au Ag Fe S Cu Pb Zn Sn Sb W Mo Total
712-10 2(5) 0.008 0.051 0.002 0.000 0.017 0.002 45.229 53.387 0.053 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.000 0.010 0.000 98.761
3(5) 0.012 0.061 0.001 0.007 0.019 0.005 45.400 53.614 0.019 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.010 0.000 99.152
4(3) 0.002 0.049 0.003 0.002 0.011 0.001 45.354 53.580 0.014 0.011 0.005 0.000 0.011 0.023 0.000 99.064
5(4) 0.014 0.059 0.005 0.002 0.005 0.008 45.275 53.385 0.032 0.000 0.017 0.000 0.017 0.010 0.000 98.828
6(3) 0.011 0.062 0.000 0.001 0.013 0.003 45.366 53.459 0.017 0.001 0.003 0.000 0.007 0.053 0.000 98.997
7(3) 0.005 0.083 0.001 0.000 0.018 0.000 45.446 53.452 0.048 0.000 0.011 0.000 0.007 0.017 0.000 99.088
8(4) 0.000 0.076 0.001 0.003 0.022 0.001 45.339 53.449 0.012 0.000 0.008 0.000 0.000 0.006 0.000 98.917
724-12 1(4) 0.015 0.063 0.004 0.004 0.007 0.000 46.365 52.955 0.019 0.000 0.006 0.000 0.001 0.020 0.000 99.456
2(5) 0.003 0.073 0.002 0.007 0.004 0.001 46.561 53.022 0.032 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.013 0.013 0.000 99.734
3(6) 0.004 0.051 0.006 0.001 0.006 0.009 46.218 52.914 0.003 0.000 0.012 0.000 0.009 0.010 0.000 99.243
4(6) 0.009 0.060 0.002 0.002 0.012 0.007 46.166 53.132 0.022 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.005 0.009 0.000 99.435
5(5) 0.013 0.068 0.004 0.012 0.021 0.005 45.712 52.772 0.019 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.018 0.023 0.000 98.668
DZK301-8 1(5) 0.004 0.056 0.005 0.010 0.006 0.003 45.778 53.935 0.018 0.008 0.016 0.000 0.008 0.007 0.000 99.854
2(5) 0.004 0.066 0.006 0.003 0.008 0.003 45.556 54.076 0.023 0.000 0.006 0.000 0.004 0.011 0.000 99.765
3(4) 0.004 0.061 0.004 0.000 0.011 0.006 45.767 53.706 0.009 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.002 0.012 0.000 99.588
4(4) 0.006 0.055 0.007 0.008 0.011 0.008 45.365 53.571 0.008 0.017 0.007 0.000 0.009 0.011 0.000 99.081
XI-3 1(6)
2(7)
3(2)
4(3)		 0.020
0.015
0.007
0.002		 0.050
0.082
0.041
0.046		 0.011
0.001
0.000
0.000		 0.009
0.004
0.000
0.000		 0.008
0.014
0.002
0.014		 0.003
0.005
0.000
0.007		 45.326
44.538
44.773
44.502		 53.217
52.951
52.909
53.284		 0.245
1.148
0.805
1.042		 0.001
0.007
0.000
0.000		 0.004
0.011
0.000
0.004		 0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000		 0.006
0.019
0.000
0.005		 0.000
0.007
0.000
0.016		 0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000		 98.899
98.803
98.534
98.922
XI-4 1(3) 0.002 0.069 0.000 0.000 0.006 0.003 45.078 54.227 0.727 0.002 0.010 0.006 0.000 0.001 0.000 100.131
2(7) 0.000 0.054 0.002 0.005 0.004 0.004 44.842 54.112 0.847 0.000 0.000 0.004 0.000 0.001 0.000 99.874
3(4) 0.008 0.069 0.000 0.002 0.027 0.001 44.677 54.212 0.859 0.000 0.000 0.014 0.000 0.018 0.000 99.885
4(5) 0.008 0.057 0.001 0.011 0.014 0.004 44.786 54.295 0.941 0.000 0.013 0.027 0.000 0.007 0.000 100.165
续表2(continue to table2)
样品号 n(m) Se Co Ni As Au Ag Fe S Cu Pb Zn Sn Sb W Mo Total
XI-4 5(6) 0.002 0.042 0.000 0.006 0.007 0.000 44.950 54.281 0.953 0.000 0.006 0.003 0.000 0.016 0.000 100.264
6(8) 0.004 0.061 0.012 0.006 0.010 0.004 44.742 54.298 1.194 0.002 0.007 0.005 0.000 0.004 0.000 100.347
ZK314-3 1(8) 0.010 0.058 0.002 0.002 0.012 0.001 45.342 53.841 0.292 0.001 0.004 0.009 0.000 0.004 0.000 99.579
2(12) 0.006 0.060 0.001 0.005 0.008 0.008 45.112 53.809 0.589 0.000 0.008 0.018 0.000 0.003 0.000 99.625
3(15) 0.008 0.056 0.002 0.003 0.021 0.004 44.930 54.114 0.811 0.000 0.007 0.015 0.000 0.009 0.000 99.980
4(4) 0.000 0.059 0.000 0.000 0.006 0.011 44.838 54.107 1.150 0.000 0.004 0.006 0.000 0.003 0.000 100.182
5(5) 0.004 0.058 0.001 0.002 0.007 0.012 45.364 53.725 0.421 0.000 0.023 0.021 0.000 0.007 0.000 99.645
6(9) 0.006 0.051 0.002 0.003 0.010 0.006 45.025 53.579 0.697 0.000 0.006 0.015 0.000 0.006 0.000 99.406
ZK007-08 1(3) 0.022 0.043 0.008 0.000 0.009 0.004 46.099 53.838 0.324 0.000 0.015 0.001 0.007 0.014 0.000 100.384
2(3) 0.011 0.056 0.002 0.004 0.012 0.005 46.101 53.928 0.019 0.001 0.001 0.000 0.017 0.000 0.000 100.157
3(3) 0.004 0.066 0.001 0.003 0.014 0.005 45.441 53.793 0.419 0.000 0.011 0.000 0.000 0.009 0.000 99.766
4(4) 0.029 0.057 0.001 0.002 0.005 0.001 45.853 53.943 0.036 0.008 0.000 0.002 0.015 0.006 0.000 99.957
5(3) 0.033 0.055 0.000 0.000 0.008 0.000 45.670 53.481 0.114 0.005 0.013 0.000 0.009 0.013 0.000 99.401
ZK304-30 1(3) 0.007 0.051 0.003 0.007 0.016 0.009 44.946 53.606 0.527 0.018 0.004 0.011 0.005 0.000 0.000 99.209
2(15) 0.010 0.059 0.004 0.002 0.011 0.007 45.133 53.910 0.368 0.004 0.005 0.015 0.007 0.010 0.000 99.543
3(6) 0.006 0.060 0.011 0.006 0.010 0.004 44.974 53.771 0.698 0.006 0.011 0.015 0.005 0.005 0.000 99.582
4(2) 0.002 0.058 0.006 0.013 0.020 0.008 45.238 53.930 0.182 0.000 0.006 0.013 0.004 0.018 0.000 99.496
5(2)
6(2)		 0.000
0.000		 0.063
0.062		 0.000
0.002		 0.000
0.004		 0.020
0.009		 0.003
0.010		 45.330
45.141		 53.827
53.877		 0.167
0.512		 0.000
0.011		 0.009
0.024		 0.000
0.000		 0.000
0.000		 0.003
0.004		 0.000
0.000		 99.420
99.654
688-2 1(5) 0.007 0.047 0.002 0.002 0.016 0.009 45.443 54.201 0.035 0.000 0.004 0.020 0.000 0.004 0.000 99.791
2(4) 0.002 0.056 0.004 0.004 0.013 0.017 45.162 53.992 0.630 0.000 0.000 0.001 0.000 0.007 0.000 99.886
3(4) 0.005 0.057 0.001 0.007 0.004 0.002 45.682 54.208 0.076 0.010 0.002 0.009 0.000 0.003 0.000 100.063
4(7) 0.010 0.064 0.000 0.003 0.011 0.008 45.609 54.039 0.063 0.005 0.009 0.005 0.000 0.000 0.000 99.817
5(6) 0.007 0.058 0.001 0.005 0.010 0.012 45.732 54.304 0.164 0.004 0.013 0.020 0.000 0.014 0.000 100.342
续表2(continue to table2)
样品号 n(m) Se Co Ni As Au Ag Fe S Cu Pb Zn Sn Sb W Mo Total
724-6 1(5) 0.015 0.054 0.001 0.009 0.020 0.000 45.797 53.708 0.022 0.000 0.006 0.000 0.016 0.007 0.000 99.655
2(5) 0.003 0.059 0.006 0.005 0.028 0.002 45.904 53.690 0.022 0.003 0.004 0.000 0.006 0.007 0.000 99.739
3(5) 0.003 0.052 0.004 0.002 0.000 0.011 45.821 53.693 0.029 0.000 0.013 0.000 0.012 0.011 0.000 99.652
4(4) 0.012 0.067 0.004 0.000 0.029 0.009 45.707 53.745 0.023 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.016 0.017 0.000 99.627
ZK12-13-6 1(5) 0.000 0.049 0.001 0.003 0.022 0.001 46.452 53.157 0.033 0.000 0.005 0.000 0.001 0.004 0.000 99.729
2(5) 0.009 0.054 0.000 0.008 0.014 0.002 46.507 53.538 0.033 0.000 0.007 0.000 0.003 0.009 0.000 100.184
3(4) 0.014 0.063 0.002 0.011 0.003 0.004 46.199 52.905 0.028 0.000 0.018 0.000 0.007 0.019 0.000 99.273
4(5) 0.010 0.064 0.000 0.003 0.007 0.005 46.166 53.222 0.024 0.000 0.014 0.000 0.004 0.005 0.000 99.524
5(5) 0.009 0.062 0.000 0.000 0.017 0.005 46.037 53.259 0.026 0.000 0.015 0.000 0.018 0.015 0.000 99.463
ZK411-6 1(5) 0.018 0.088 0.004 0.000 0.012 0.000 45.854 54.614 0.018 0.000 0.001 0.008 0.000 0.006 0.000 100.625
2(6) 0.009 0.097 0.001 0.003 0.013 0.005 45.907 54.617 0.042 0.001 0.008 0.015 0.000 0.000 0.000 100.716
3(4) 0.010 0.054 0.007 0.005 0.012 0.002 45.702 54.288 0.032 0.000 0.011 0.009 0.000 0.001 0.000 100.132
4(6) 0.002 0.183 0.002 0.001 0.002 0.002 45.611 54.511 0.025 0.000 0.008 0.022 0.000 0.008 0.000 100.374
表3 紫金山金铜矿黄铁矿硫同位素组成
Table 3 Sulfur isotopic composition of pytite in Zijinshan gold-copper deposit
序号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
工程号 DZK1601-4 DZK702-6 DZK301-11 ZK704-13 ZK004-30 DZK001-9 ZK406-1 DZK803-7 ZK312-19 DZK403-3
δ34SV-CDT‰ 0.1 -0.6 -0.4 -3.0 -1.0 -2.6 -0.1 -0.3 2.6 3.5
成矿期次 PyI PyII PyII PyII PyII PyII PyII PyII PyIII PyIII
图3 紫金山金铜矿黄铁矿的lg a-lg b图
Fig.3 Trace elements lg a-lg b diagram of pyrites in Zijinshan gold copper deposit
图4 黄铁矿微量元素综合比值 Φ空间分布规律
Fig.4 The spatial distribution of trace element integrated ratio Φ in pyrite
图5 黄铁矿S/Fe原子比空间分布规律
Fig.5 The spatial distribution of the S/Fe atomic ratio in pyrite
图6 紫金山金铜矿黄铁矿Ni-Co图解
Fig.6 The Ni-Co diagram of pyrite in Zijinshan gold-copper deposit
图7 紫金山金铜矿黄铁矿As-Co-Ni图解
Fig.7 The As-Co-Ni diagram of pyrite in Zijinshan gold-copper deposit
图8 黄铁矿Cu+Pb+Zn空间分布规律
Fig.8 The spatial distribution of Cu+Pb+Zn in pyrite
图9 紫金山金铜矿黄铁矿As-Au图解底图 [ 27 ]
Fig.9 As-Au diagram of pyrites in Zijinshan gold-copper deposit [ 27 ]
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