地球科学进展 ›› 2021, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (10): 1015 -1025. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2021.091

沉积改造进展 上一篇    下一篇

湘中寒婆坳矿区测水组无烟煤—煤系石墨变质温度研究
胡棉舒( ), 李阔( ), 曹海月, 王兆国, 刘钦甫   
  1. 中国矿业大学(北京)地球科学与测绘工程学院,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-06 修回日期:2021-08-02 出版日期:2021-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 李阔 E-mail:hmszlhy@163.com;cumtblk@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目“煤中矿物组分对煤石墨化的影响机理研究”(42002187);“煤系隐晶质石墨成矿过程中结构和性能变化研究”(41672150)

Investigation on the Metamorphic Temperature of the Series Naturally Graphitized Coals from Anthracite to Coaly Graphite from Ceshui Formation of Hanpo'ao Mining Area, Central Hunan

Mianshu HU( ), Kuo LI( ), Haiyue CAO, Zhaoguo WANG, Qinfu LIU   

  1. College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering,China University of Mining and Technology (Beijing),Beijing 100083,China
  • Received:2021-05-06 Revised:2021-08-02 Online:2021-10-10 Published:2021-11-19
  • Contact: Kuo LI E-mail:hmszlhy@163.com;cumtblk@163.com
  • About author:HU Mianshu (1997-), female, Xingyang City, Henan Province, Master student. Research areas include the minerogenetic condition of coaly graphite. E-mail: hmszlhy@163.com
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China "Investigation on the influence mechanism of mineral components in coal on the graphitization of coal"(42002187);"The structure and property changes of cryptocrystalline graphite in the coal-bearing strata during its formation"(41672150)

煤系石墨是由煤经构造—岩浆事件改造而成的煤系共伴生矿产资源。为探究无烟煤—煤系石墨的变质温度,以湖南新化寒婆坳矿区无烟煤—煤系石墨及其顶底板岩石、夹矸为研究对象,采用变质矿物组合特征、镜质体反射率地质温度计和拉曼光谱地质温度计等手段进行研究。结果表明:大规模岩浆侵入初期,煤层及其顶底板受热温度较高,但持续时间短,而煤石墨化过程和围岩变质过程相对缓慢,最终,煤系石墨及其围岩与周围环境的热力学平衡温度相对较低。多手段综合确定寒婆坳矿区无烟煤的变质温度为220~250 ℃,变质无烟煤的变质温度为330~370 ℃,煤系半石墨的变质温度为390~450 ℃,石巷里矿煤系石墨变质温度为500~550 ℃。寒婆坳矿区无烟煤—煤系石墨变质系列整体上处于中低温变质作用阶段。研究结果可为煤系石墨勘探靶区圈定提供科学指导。

Coaly graphite is an associated mineral resource occurrence at coal measure that transformed from coal during tectonic-magmatic events. The series naturally graphitized coals from anthracite to coaly graphite and their associated roof rocks, floor rocks, and partings of the Hanpo'ao mining area, central Hunan Province, were studied by using X-ray diffraction, clay mineralogy, combining with the metamorphic mineral assemblage characteristics, vitrinite reflectance geothermometer, and Raman spectroscopic geothermometer. The purpose was to study the minerogenetic temperature of these series naturally graphitized coals. The results show that in the early stage of large-scale magmatic intrusion, the heating temperature of coal and its country rocks is relatively high, but the duration is short, whereas the graphitization process of coal and the metamorphism process of country rocks are relatively slow, thus, the thermodynamic equilibrium temperature between coaly graphite and its country rocks is relatively low. The metamorphism conditions of the series naturally graphitized coals from anthracite to coaly graphite cannot be well constrained by a single approach, and the minerogenetic temperature of these series naturally graphitized coals should be calibrated by mineralogy, coal petrography and Raman spectroscopy. Metamorphic minerals such as andalusite and staurolite have been observed in the surrounding rocks of coaly graphite, indicating that coaly graphite is in the medium-grade metamorphism zone, but andalusite and staurolite have been changed into sericite by hydrothermal alteration in the later stage. The metamorphic temperature of anthracite is about 220~250 ℃, meta-anthracite is formed at 330~370 ℃, and the metamorphic temperature of semi-graphite and coaly graphite in the Shixiangli Mine are determined at 390~450 ℃ and 500~550 ℃, respectively. The metamorphism of the series naturally graphitized coals is at medium-to-low metamorphic stage. The results can provide scientific guidance for exploration and exploitation of the coaly graphite.

中图分类号: 

图1 湘中涟源凹陷地质简图(据参考文献[ 17 18 ]修改)
Fig. 1 Geological map sketch of the Lianyuan sag of central Hunan Province modified after references 1718])
图2 湘中涟源凹陷钻孔柱状图(据参考文献[ 17 ]修改)
Fig. 2 Stratigraphic column of a drill hole from the Lianyuan sag of central Hunan Province modified after reference 17 ])
表1 采自寒婆坳赋煤矿区的样品信息(部分数据源自参考文献[ 5 ])
Table 1 General information of the collected samples from the Hanpo'ao mining areapart of data from reference 5 ])
图3 围岩中矿物的微观特征
(a)单偏光,JZS-J;(b)正交光,SL-5DING;(c)正交光,SL-3DI;(d)和(e)单偏光,SXL-5DING;(f)反射光,SXL-5DI
Fig. 3 Microscopic characteristics of minerals in country rocks
(a) Polarized light, JZS-J; (b) Cross-polarized light, SL-5DING; (c) Cross-polarized light, SL-3DI; (d) and (e) Polarized light, SXL-5DING; (f) Reflect light, SXL-5DI
图4 围岩样品的XRD图谱
Fig. 4 XRD pattern of country rocks samples
图5 JZS-J样品中黏土矿物XRD图谱
Fig. 5 XRD pattern of clay minerals in the sample JZS-J
图6 无烟煤—煤系石墨反射光下显微煤岩学特征
(a)和(b)无烟煤,JZS-3;(c)变质无烟煤,SL-5;(d)半石墨,BC-5;(e)和(f)煤系石墨,SXL-3;V:镜质组;I:惰质组;Pf:火焚丝质体;NG:针状石墨;MG:石墨化颗粒;PC:热解碳;FG:鳞片石墨
Fig. 6 Petrographic features of the series samples from anthracite to coaly graphite under reflect light
(a) and (b) Anthracite, JZS-3; (c) Meta-anthracite, SL-5; (d) Semi-graphite, BC-5; (e) and (f) Coaly graphite, SXL-3;V: Vitrinite; I: Inertinite; Pf: Pyrofusinite; NG: Needle-like Graphite; MG: Microcrystalline Graphite; PC: Pyrolytic Carbon; FG: Flake Graphite
表2 无烟煤—煤系石墨的组分定量和平均随机反射率 18 26
Table 2 Microscopically identifiable components and mean random reflectance of the series samples from anthracite to coaly graphite 18 26
表3 根据镜质体反射率地质温度计所得无烟煤—煤系石墨的变质温度
Table 3 Metamorphic temperature of the series samples from anthracite to coaly graphite calculated based on vitrinite reflectance geothermometer
图7 系列煤样中镜质组和隐晶质石墨的显微拉曼光谱
Fig. 7 Micro-Raman spectra of vitrinite and microcrystalline graphite in the series samples
表4 系列煤样中镜质组和隐晶质石墨的显微拉曼光谱参数
Table 4 Micro-Raman spectral parameters of vitrinite and microcrystalline graphite in the series samples
表5 根据拉曼地质温度计所得无烟煤—煤系石墨的变质温度
Table 5 Metamorphic temperature of the series samples from anthracite to coaly graphite calculated based on Raman spectroscopic geothermometer
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