冰雪升华测算结果及影响因素研究进展

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2017.11.1204

地球科学进展 ›› 2017, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (11): 1204 -1217. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2017.11.1204

冰雪升华测算结果及影响因素研究进展

郭淑海 ^1, ²(

), 陈仁升 ^1, ^*(

), 韩春坛 ¹, 刘国华 ¹, 宋耀选 ¹, 阳勇 ¹, 刘章文 ¹, 刘俊峰 ¹

1. 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院(筹),甘肃兰州 730000
2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049

收稿日期:2017-06-07 修回日期:2017-09-20 出版日期:2017-11-10
通讯作者: 陈仁升 E-mail:guoshuhai@lzb.ac.cn;crs2008@lzb.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金面上项目“高寒山区冰雪升华/蒸发观测实验研究”(编号:41671029);国家自然科学基金重大项目“冰冻圈水资源服务功能研究”(编号:41690141)资助

Advances in the Measurement and Calculation Results and Influencing Factors of the Sublimation of Ice and Snow

Shuhai Guo ^1, ²( ), Rensheng Chen ^1, ^*( ), Chuntan Han ¹, Guohua Liu ¹, Yaoxuan Song ¹, Yong Yang ¹, Zhangwen Liu ¹, Junfeng Liu ¹

1.Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China

Received:2017-06-07 Revised:2017-09-20 Online:2017-11-10 Published:2018-01-10
Contact: Rensheng Chen E-mail:guoshuhai@lzb.ac.cn;crs2008@lzb.ac.cn
About author:
First author:Guo Shuhai(1986-),male,Yishui County,Shandong Province,Ph.D student. Research areas include snow and ice hydrology.E-mail:guoshuhai@lzb.ac.cn
Supported by:
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China “Field observation on snow and glacier sublimation/evaporation in the cold alpine regions” (No.41671029) and “Research on the water resource services of the cryosphere” (No.41690141)

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冰雪升华是冰冻圈—大气圈水分和热量交换、冰冻圈水分损耗的主要途径之一,也是寒区水文过程中的重要组成部分和研究难点。冰雪升华过程及其影响因素观测与模拟研究在南北极、北美和北欧等地开展较早,并取得了卓有成效的研究结果。在分析不同地区、不同气候条件下的冰雪升华量、升华潜热对水量和能量平衡影响的基础上,论述了冰雪升华的影响因素。研究结果认为冰雪升华虽然是区域水文过程和能量收支平衡的重要组成部分,但在湿润气候条件下,冰雪升华作用受到抑制,此外,冰雪升华受局地地形(海拔、坡度、坡向)、植被、气象要素的影响明显,导致冰雪升华各地报道差异较大。冰雪升华时空差异明显,涉及的影响因素众多,相关工作较为零散,缺乏长期、系统观测与研究,导致对冰雪升华的水热过程及其影响认识不清,冰雪升华研究尚存在许多不确定性,仍面临许多难点需克服。

关键词: 冰雪升华, 地形, 林冠截雪, 风吹雪

As an important exchange process of water and heat between the cryosphere and the atmosphere, snow and glacier sublimation is a principal pathway of moisture content loss of cryosphere. The observations and simulations of snow and glacier sublimation for the process and influencing factors were conducted earlier in the Antarctic and the Arctic Pole, North America and northern Europe, and had made great progress. Based on the analysis of the sublimation of ice and snow and the latent heat of sublimation in different regions and climatic conditions, the influencing factors to sublimation of ice and snow were analyzed. Although sublimation of ice and snow is an important part of regional hydrological process and energy budget balance, under humid climate conditions, sublimation of ice and snow is inhibited. it is greatly affected by local topography(elevation, slope and aspect), vegetation and meteorological elements, resulting in large differences in reported sublimation of ice and snow. However, there are many factors that affect the sublimation, resulting in the obvious spatial and temporal differences of research results. The researches lack of long-term, systematic observation and research, and which has contributed to the lack of understanding in the water-heat process of snow and glacier. There are still great uncertainties and difficulties in this study that need to be overcome.

Key words: Sublimation of snow and glacier, Topography, Intercepted snow, Snowdrift.

中图分类号:

P426.63

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