互花米草入侵下福建漳江口红树林湿地土壤生态化学变化

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2008.09.0974

地球科学进展 ›› 2008, Vol. 23 ›› Issue (9): 974 -981. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2008.09.0974

张祥霖 ^1,2,石盛莉 ^1,2,潘根兴 ¹,李恋卿 ¹,张旭辉 ¹,李志鹏 ¹

1.南京农业大学农业资源与生态环境研究所,江苏南京 210095; 2.集美大学水产学院, 福建厦门 361021

收稿日期:2008-02-19 修回日期:2008-06-21 出版日期:2008-09-10
通讯作者: 潘根兴(1958-),男,浙江浦江人,教授,主要从事土壤学与生态环境研究. E-mail:pangenxing@yahoo.com.cn
基金资助:
福建省自然科学基金项目“土壤环境对米草与红树林群落演替的响应研究”(编号：D0440006）资助.

Changes in Eco-chemical Properties of a Mangrove Wetland under Spartina Invasion from Zhangjiangkou, Fujian, China

Zhang Xianglin ^1,2,Shi Shengli ^1,2,Pan Genxing ¹,Li Lianqing ¹,Zhang Xuhui ¹,Li Zhipeng ¹

1.Institute of Resource, Ecosystem and Environment of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 2100095,China;2. College of Aquatic Production, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021,China

Received:2008-02-19 Revised:2008-06-21 Online:2008-09-10 Published:2008-09-10

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采集了福建云霄漳江口米草入侵下红树林自然湿地保护区内红树林群落、米草群落、红树林—米草交互群落以及光滩的剖面土壤样品，分析了土壤的总养分库、有效养分库及微生物活性等指标。结果表明，不同植被群落下土壤理化性质均存在明显差异。土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、阳离子交换量和微生物生物量碳、氮在同一深度的含量变化为：红树林>红树林—米草混作>米草>光滩；土壤蔗糖酶、脲酶、磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶等酶活性指标也表现出相似的变化趋势。从深度变化而言，上述各项土壤质量指标均随剖面深度而降低。米草入侵后土壤的各项养分指标均有明显下降，湿地土壤生态化学性质发生了明显的退化。土壤有机碳、土壤微生物生物量碳、氮含量以及土壤蔗糖酶与磷酸酶活性对滨海湿地土壤退化的反映最为强烈, 可以作为指示性指标。

关键词: 红树林, 生物入侵, 米草, 生态化学, 湿地土壤

Soil samples at different depth intervals were collected under 4 plant communities with different stages of vegetation decline from mangrove due to Spartina grass invasion of a beech wetland from Lingxiao county, Fujiang Province. Soil properties of total and available C, N, P, microbial biomass C and N, and enzyme activities were determined. Prominent differences in all the soil properties were observed between the plant communities at different succession stages. At a certain depth, the change of soil organic carbon(SOC), total N and P, cation exchange capacity (CEC) and microbial biomass C and N (SMBC and SMBN) of soil from a plant community followed in a order as: mangrove> mangrove mixed with grass> pure grass > bare beach. The changes in soil enzyme activites also followed in such a trend. Meanwhile, these key values of soil and ecological property declined with depth in different magnitudes. Invasion of Spartina grass has induced significant decline of the soil ecological properties of the wetlands. Comparative study of the magnitudes of the changes of the different eco-chemical properties revealed a higher sensitivity of SOC, microbial C and N, activities of phosphorase and invetase to wetland ecosystem degradation under Spartina grass invasion. These parameters were suggested as bio-indicators for the wetland ecosystem health.

Key words: Mangrove, Biological invasion, Spartina grass, Eco-chemistry, Wetland soil.

中图分类号:

S154.1
Q948

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