地球科学进展

地球科学进展 ›› 2015, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 456 -464. doi: 10.1167/j.issn.1001-8166.2015.04.0456

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黔西红梅井田煤层气有序开发的水文地质条件
郭晨( ), 秦勇, 卢玲玲   
  1. 中国矿业大学 煤层气资源与成藏过程教育部重点实验室,江苏徐州221116
  • 收稿日期:2015-01-30 修回日期:2015-03-15 出版日期:2015-04-20
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技重大专项项目“煤层气储层工程与动态评价技术”(编号：2011ZX05034);江苏省普通高校研究生科研创新计划项目“独立叠置含煤层气系统有序开发模式”(编号：CXZZ13_0943)资助

Hydrogeological Conditions of Orderly Coalbed Methane Development in Hongmei Well Field, Western Guizhou, South China

Chen Guo( ), Yong Qin, Lingling Lu   

  1. Key Laboratory of CBM Resources and Reservoiring Process, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou 221116, China
  • Received:2015-01-30 Revised:2015-03-15 Online:2015-04-20 Published:2015-04-20
全文 ( 19 ) 下载PDF ( 1021 )

在多煤层含煤地层中,往往形成垂向上叠置发育的多个独立含煤层气系统,系统之间的相互干扰严重妨碍了煤层气井的有效排水降压。解决这一问题的关键,是查明不同系统之间水文地质条件的差异。基于水文地质勘探成果,分析了黔西织纳煤田红梅井田上二叠统含煤地层不同含煤段的水动力条件和水化学特征,提取视储层压力、压力系数、钻孔单位涌水量、渗透系数、影响半径等与煤层气开发相关的有用信息,发现不同含煤段之间的水文地质条件差异显著,垂向上可能发育与三级地层层序格架相吻合的多层叠置独立含煤层气系统,运用灰色关联分析建立了基于水文地质信息的煤层气开发条件评价因子。在此基础上,评价了不同含煤段的煤层气开发潜力,对煤层气开发顺序进行了概念性设计。研究认为,17~30号煤层段的煤层气开发条件优于其上、下2段,应优先开发,其次是6~16号煤层段;31号煤层至底部开发条件相对较差,应最后开发。

关键词: 含煤层气系统, 水文地质, 煤层气开发, 灰色关联分析, 评价因子

A number of the independent CBM-bearing systems are often superposed in coal-bearing strata with multiple coal seams, and the interference among the systems impedes severely the efficient drainage and depressurization of CBM wells. The key to solve this problem is to find out the differences of the hydrogeological conditions among the systems. Based on the data of hydrogeological exploration in the Hongmei Well Field, Zhina Coal Field, western Guizhou, we analyzed the hydrodynamic and hydrochemical conditions of different coal-bearing intervals in the Upper Permian coal-bearing strata, and extracted the valuable information relevant to CBM development, including the apparent reservoir pressure, pressure coefficient, drilling unit water inflow, permeability coefficient and influence radius. It is revealed that the hydrogeological condition of different coal-bearing intervals in the formation is significantly different each other, indicating the existence of the multiple superposed CBM-bearing systems in conformity with the third-order stratigraphic sequence framework. The evaluation factor of CBM development condition was further established with grey relational analysis. Based on the factor, the CBM development potentials of different coal-bearing intervals were discussed and vertical development order was designed conceptually. Results showed that the interval of the No.17~30 coal seams with the best condition should be prior for CBM development, then the interval of the No. 6~16 coal seams, and finally the interval of the No. 30 seam-formation bottom with the relatively poor condition.

Key words: CBM-bearing system, Hydrogeology, CBM development, Grey relational analysis, Evaluation factor.

中图分类号: 

图1 红梅井田构造纲要图
Fig.1 Tectonic outline map of Hongmei Well Field
图2 红梅井田含煤地层综合柱状图 [ 8 ]
Fig.2 Composite column of coal-bearing strata in Hongmei Well Field [ 8 ]
表1 红梅井田的含水层与隔水层
Table 1 Aquifers and aquifuges in Hongmei well field
含水层类型 组别 含水层性质 主要岩性 水质及矿化度
强含水层 飞仙关组二段、四段 岩溶裂隙承压含水层 灰岩、泥灰岩 HCO3-Ca+Mg,0.121-0.167 g/L
茅口组 灰岩、白云岩 HCO3-SO4-Ca+Mg,0.122~0.166 g/L
中等含水层 第四系 孔隙含水层 坡积、残积物 HCO3-SO4-Ca,0.161~0.168 g/L
飞仙关组三段、五段 岩溶裂隙承压含水层 灰岩、泥灰岩 HCO3-Ca,HCO3-Ca+Mg,0.13-0.18 g/L
长兴组 粉砂岩、硅质灰岩 HCO3-Ca,0.098~0.112 g/L
弱含水层 龙潭组 层间裂隙含水层 碎屑岩夹海相灰岩 HCO3- CO3-K+Na、
SO4- HCO3-Ca+Mg,0.160-0.626 g/L
隔水层 飞仙关组一段 浅部含风化裂隙水,深部具隔水作用 粉砂岩、钙质泥岩 HCO3-SO4-Ca,0.098~0.120 g/L
飞仙关组六段 - 粉砂岩、钙质泥岩 -
峨眉山玄武岩组 - 玄武岩、凝灰岩 -
表2 含煤地层内部各含水带发育特征
Table 2 Characteristic of each water-bearing interval in coal-bearing strata
含水带 含水层厚度(m)/总厚度(m) 主要含水层 单位涌水量(L/(s·m))/渗透系数(m/d) 水质类型及矿化度 水动力条件
2~6煤 7.6/38 标1、标2、标3 - HCO3-Ca,HCO3-SO4-Ca,0.166-0.198 g/l 较好
6~16煤 42/128 标4、标5、12~14煤层与15~16煤层间细砂岩 0.013824~0.29676 /0.01024~0.190897 浅部：SO4- HCO3-Ca+Mg,0.161-0.198 g/l
深部：HCO3- CO3-K+Na,0.402-0.451 g/l		 差
16~30煤 21.9/94 标7、标9、标7~25煤层间含水砂岩 0.00522~0.1746/
0.00823~0.1915		 浅部：SO4- HCO3-Ca,0.160-0.194 g/l
深部：HCO3- K+ Na,0.617-0.626 g/l		 差
底部 17.5/60 标10、标11、
标12、标13		 0.00933 /0.03826 HCO3-CO3-K+Na,CO3-HCO3-K+Na,
0.538-0.553 g/l		 差
图3 红梅井田含煤地层内部各含水带水位标高等值线图
Fig.3 Water level contour map of each water-bearing interval in coal-bearing strata of Hongmei well field
图4 红梅井田含煤地层内部各含水带厚度等值线图
Fig.4 Thickness contour map of each water-bearing interval in coal-bearing strata of Hongmei well field
表3 红梅井田钻孔抽水试验成果统计
Table 3 Statistics of drill pumping test data in Hongmei well field
含煤段 钻孔 试验煤组 埋深/m 单位涌水量/(L/(s·m)) 影响半径
/m		 渗透系数/(m/d) 视储层压力/MP 压力系数
上段 411 6~16煤 86.00 0.296760 35.00 0.190897 0.76 0.66
4306 6~16煤 146.64 0.013824 69.00 0.010240 0.50
1206 标5~16煤 51.95 0.152280 17.00 0.106200 0.57
平均 94.86 0.154288 40.33 0.102446 0.61
中段 1206 17~30煤 119.52 0.174600 74.33 0.191500 1.57 1.11
410 17~30煤 155.40 0.007211 124.00 0.012740 1.52
413 17~30煤 159.86 0.005220 149.00 0.008230 1.65
平均 144.93 0.062344 115.78 0.070823 1.58
下段 3602 30煤~底部 154.05 0.009330 73.00 0.038260 0.25 0.16
其他 3206 标4~标12 122.03 0.025920 191.00 0.024220 1.31 1.10
202 8煤~标13 125.10 0.030096 57.00 0.177500 1.36 1.11
表4 红梅井田主煤层平均含气量梯度
Table 4 Average methane content gradient of major coal seams in Hongmei well field
含煤段 煤层 含气量梯度/(m3/(t·100m)) 含煤段 煤层 含气量梯度/(m3/(t·100m))
上段 7 4.48 中段 23 3.35
14 4.26 30 4.93
16 3.15 均值 5.78
均值 3.96 下段 32 1.24
中段 17 12.73 35 1.80
21 2.12 均值 1.52
图5 单位涌水量、渗透系数与埋深关系图
Fig.5 Relationship between unit water inflow, permeability coefficient and depth
图6 不同含煤段压力系数、含气量梯度、矿化度平均值分布
Fig.6 Average pressure coefficient, methane content gradient and salinity of different coal-bearing intervals
表5 珠藏向斜水文地质参数汇总
Table 5 Statistics of hydrogeological parameters in Zhucang syncline
井田 主因素 子因素
β Q(L/(s·m)) R/m K/(m/d) Vgra/(m3/(t·100m))
肥一 0.93 0.000458 27.30 0.001133 4.81
0.52 0.001477 26.50 0.001965 8.95
0.73 0.000863 8.64 0.001060 4.30
肥二 0.88 0.002370 49.64 0.005680 7.08
0.79 0.067067 51.20 0.110530 6.27
0.89 0.008353 58.34 0.014337 4.14
肥三 1.04 0.004890 79.00 0.017374 3.81
0.67 0.042700 43.42 0.058580 4.52
0.82 0.001280 64.00 0.002260 3.73
红梅 0.66 0.154288 40.33 0.102446 3.96
1.11 0.062344 115.78 0.070823 5.78
0.16 0.009330 73.00 0.038260 1.52
表6 珠藏向斜水文地质参数均值化结果
Table 6 Equalization of hydrogeological parameters in Zhucang syncline
井田 主因素 子因素
β Q R K Vgra
肥一 1.2098 0.0155 0.5142 0.0320 0.9805
0.6831 0.0499 0.4991 0.0556 1.8244
0.9478 0.0291 0.1627 0.0300 0.8765
肥二 1.1519 0.0800 0.9349 0.1606 1.4432
1.0340 2.2644 0.9643 3.1249 1.2781
1.1624 0.2820 1.0988 0.4053 0.8439
肥三 1.3563 0.1651 1.4879 0.4912 0.7766
0.8735 1.4417 0.8177 1.6562 0.9214
1.0635 0.0432 1.2054 0.0639 0.7603
红梅 0.8609 5.2092 0.7596 2.8964 0.8072
1.4480 2.1049 2.1806 2.0023 1.1782
0.2087 0.3150 1.3749 1.0817 0.3098
表7 各层段单因素标准化结果和综合影响因子
Table 7 Single factor’s normalization and comprehensive influencing factor of each interval
含煤段 β Q/(L/(s·m)) K/(m/d) R/m Vgra/(m3(t·100m)) a
原值 标准化 原值 标准化 原值 标准化 原值 标准化 原值 标准化
6~16煤 0.66 0.60 0.154288 1 0.102446 1 40.33 0.35 3.96 0.69 0.66
17~30煤 1.11 1 0.062344 0.40 0.070823 0.69 115.78 1 5.78 1 0.90
30煤以下 0.16 0.14 0.009330 0.06 0.038260 0.37 73.00 0.63 1.52 0.26 0.29
图7 红梅井田煤层气开发水文地质条件蛛网图
Fig.7 Spider diagram of hydrogeological conditions for CBM development in Hongmei well field
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