地球科学进展

地球科学进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (6): 561 -572. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2019.06.0561

所属专题： “一带一路”绿色发展研究；

国家重点研发计划项目    下一篇

亚洲中部干旱区气候变化与丝路文明变迁研究：进展与问题
陈发虎 1, 2( ),董广辉 2,陈建徽 2,郜永祺 3, 4,黄伟 2,王涛 3,陈圣乾 2,侯居峙 1   
  1. 1. 中国科学院青藏高原研究所, 高寒生态与生物多样性重点实验室, 北京 100101
    2. 兰州大学资源环境 学院，西部环境教育部重点实验室, 甘肃 兰州 730000
    3. 中国科学院大气物理研究所, 竺可桢— 南森国际研究中心, 北京 100029
    4. 南森环境与遥感中心, 卑尔根 N-5006, 挪威
  • 收稿日期:2019-05-21 修回日期:2019-05-27 出版日期:2019-06-10
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研究发展计划项目“亚洲中部干旱区气候变化影响与丝路文明变迁研究”(2018YFA0606404);国家自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金项目“环境考古与环境变化”(41825001)

Climate Change and Silk Road Civilization Evolution in Arid Central Asia: Progress and Issues

Fahu Chen 1, 2( ),Guanghui Dong 2,Jianhui Chen 2,Yongqi Gao 3, 4,Wei Huang 2,Tao Wang 3,Shengqian Chen 2,Juzhi Hou 1   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory of Alpine Ecology (LAE), Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    2. Key Laboratory of West China’s Environmental System, College of Earth and Environmental Science, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
    3. Nansen-Zhu International Research Centre, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
    4. Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center, Bergen N-5006, Norway
  • Received:2019-05-21 Revised:2019-05-27 Online:2019-06-10 Published:2019-07-05
  • About author:Chen Fahu（1962-）, male, Danfeng County, Shaanxi Province, Professor, Academician of Chinese Academy of Sciences. Research areas include environmental change and the evolution of human civilization. E-mail: fhchen@itpcas.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    Foundation item: Project supported by the National Key R&D Program of China “Research on the impacts of climate change in arid central Asia and development of silk road civilization”(No. 2018YFA0606404);The National Natural Science Foundation of China “Environmental archaeology and environmental change”(No. 41825001)
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亚洲中部干旱区是对全球气候变化响应最为敏感的地区之一，也是水文变化剧烈和生态环境脆弱的地区。该地区包括了古丝绸之路的主体，在东西方交流和丝路文明兴衰历史中发挥了关键的作用。科学评估全球增温背景下亚洲中部干旱区人类社会可持续发展面临的风险，是广受关注的重大科学问题。东西方交流和丝路文明发展历史及其与气候环境变化关系的研究，可为认识该地区不同时间尺度人地关系演变的规律提供科学依据。通过总结东西方交流与丝路文明兴衰历史、亚洲中部干旱区全新世气候变化过程、多时间尺度气候—水文变化机制以及人与环境相互作用的过程与规律等领域的研究进展，提出目前亚洲中部干旱区全新世气候环境变化时空格局和丝路文明演化的过程，以及人与环境相互作用机制的研究存在明显不足。破解亚洲中部干旱区气候变化和文化演化研究区域不均衡问题，加强地学与考古学等多学科交叉研究，是推进气候变化与丝路文明变迁研究的有效途径。这对理解该地区人地关系演化规律、应对气候变化带来的挑战、服务国家“一带一路”倡议具有重要的科学价值和现实意义。

关键词: 亚洲中部干旱区, 丝绸之路, 气候环境变化, 文明演化, 人地关系

Arid central Asia is one of the regions most sensitive to global climate change, as well as the region with dramatically hydrological changes and fragile ecosystems. The region includes the main body of the ancient Silk Road, which played a key role in the cultural exchange and the rise and fall of Silk Road civilization. Scientific assessment of the risks faced by the sustainable development of human society in the arid central Asia under the background of global warming is a major scientific issue that has received much attention. The study of the relationship between cultural exchange, development of Silk Road civilization and climate change can provide a scientific basis for understanding the evolution rules of human-land relationship on different timescales in this area. This study summarized the research progress in the history of cultural exchanges, the rise and fall of Silk Road civilization, climate change during the Holocene, forcing mechanisms of climate and hydrological change on different timescales, as well as the process and rule of human-environment interaction. On this basis, we proposed that the study of the temporal and spatial patterns of Holocene climate change and the evolution of Silk Road civilization in arid central Asia, as well as the research on the interaction mechanisms between human and environment, are obviously insufficient. Solving the problems of regional imbalance of climate change and cultural evolution in arid central Asia and strengthening the cross-disciplinary study of geoscience and archaeology are effective ways to promote the study of climate change and changes of Silk Road civilization, which has important scientific and practical significance for understanding the evolution of human-land relations in the region, coping with the challenges of climate change, and serving the “One Belt, One Road” strategy.

Key words: Arid central Asia, Silk Road, Climate and environmental change, Cultural evolution, Human-land relationship.

中图分类号: 

图1 欧亚大陆同时出土东西方作物遗存史前遗址点的分布与丝绸之路
Fig. 1 Map of silk road, and distributions of prehistoric sites with both western and eastern crop remains in Eurasia
图2 全新世亚洲中部干旱区湿度和温度记录对比
Fig. 2 Comparison of moisture and temperature records in arid central Asia during the Holocene
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