三江源地区人地关系研究综述及展望：基于“人、事、时、空”视角

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2020.010

从“人、事、时、空”的视角，梳理了三江源地区典型的利益主体、矛盾冲突、时代背景和人居空间的研究进展及互动机制：其人口分布、生产生活及文化特征集中了民族地区、生态地区、贫困地区的典型特征；其人类活动与生态环境、人文环境的矛盾冲突制约了人地关系的和谐发展；其历史演化受制度及政权组织、区域间商贸交流、牧民移民及定居等因素影响较大；人居空间受地理环境的约束和牧业方式、区域文化的影响较深；继而剖析了人地关系系统自然要素、人文要素、时间要素和空间要素的关联机制。在此基础上，提出未来三江源地区人地关系研究的重点主要集中在政策及文化评估、人居环境优化等领域。

关键词: 三江源, 人居空间, 人地关系

The Three River Headwaters Region is the pioneer of China’s ecological civilization construction and pilot of the national park system. It is also a unique plateau with complex man-land relationship, long-standing history and diverse civilizations. For thousands of years, the relationship between the people and the land has gone through primitive harmony, tension and conflict, and gradually tends to balance and coordinate. The whole process concentrates on the game of natural forces, historical evolution and regional culture. As the elements of human settlements in the region tend to become more complex, the relationship between human and land continues to develop in breadth and depth, and it is necessary to combine dynamic analysis of time and space. From the perspective of people, events, time and space, the research progress and interaction mechanism in the interest of subjects, conflicts, background, and human settlements in the Three River Headwaters Region were summarized. Its population distribution, production, life and culture feature a typical ethnic ecological yet poverty area. The harmonious development of man-land relationship is restricted by the conflicts between human activity and ecological environment as well as cultural environment. The historical evolution progress is largely influenced by factors such as government policies and political regimes, regional trading, herders’ migration and settlement. The human living space is deeply affected by geographical environment, animal husbandry and regional culture. Furthermore, the linkage mechanism among natural element, human element, time element and space element in man-land relationship system was also analyzed. Based on these, the author proposed that future research on man-land relationship in the Three River Headwaters Region should concentrate on fields such as government policies, cultural evaluation and human settlement improvement. To be more specific, further research was suggested to be carried out from the following three aspects：quantitative research, comparative research and objective evaluation of the internal mechanism of human intervention.

Key words: Three River Headwaters Region, Human settlements, Human-land relations

中图分类号:

图1 三江源研究热点聚类分析图

Fig.1 Clustering analysis graph of research hotspot of Three River Headwaters region

图2 三江源研究中文关键词共现图谱

Fig.2 Keywords co-occurrence graph of chinese research of Three River Headwaters region

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Review and Prospect of Human-land Relationship in Three River Headwaters Region: Based on the Perspective of People, Events, Time and Space