我国极地海底观测系统的发展与展望

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2013.05.0566

地球科学进展 ›› 2013, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (5): 566 -571. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2013.05.0566

我国极地海底观测系统的发展与展望

何剑锋, 张芳, 林凌

国家海洋局极地科学重点实验室，中国极地研究中心，上海 200136

收稿日期:2013-04-07 修回日期:2013-04-11 出版日期:2013-05-10
基金资助:
南北极环境综合考察与评估专项（编号：CHINARE2013-01-05）；国家高技术研究发展计划项目“极地近岸海洋环境监测系统”（编号：2007AA09Z121）资助.

Development and Prospect of Chinese Polar Seabed Observation Systems

He Jianfeng, Zhang Fang, Lin Ling

Key Laboratory for Polar Science, State Oceanic Administration Peoples’s Republic of China, Polar Research Institute of China, Shanghai 200136, China

Received:2013-04-07 Revised:2013-04-11 Online:2013-05-10 Published:2013-05-10

下载PDF ( 922 )

极地海洋特殊环境对观测技术提出了更高的要求。随着海底观测技术的日趋成熟，极地海底观测系统也得到了一定的发展，但后勤保障的高要求制约了系统的发展，目前广泛使用的仍是潜标系统。受国家高技术研究发展计划、国家海洋公益性行业科研专项经费项目和南北极环境综合考察与评估专项等支持，我国发展了极地在线近岸海洋环境监测系统、极地潜标和极地大型海—气耦合浮标等海床基观测系统，对我国的极地海洋学观测与研究做出了积极贡献。但总体而言，我国的极地海底观测仍未形成真正意义上的网络体系。未来有望在北冰洋太平洋扇区和南大洋普里兹湾率先建立海床基观测体系，系统观测并揭示该海域的环境变化特性。

关键词: 极地, 海底观测系统, 极地海洋环境

The observation technology is important in the study of polar oceans due to their special environment. Following the development of seafloor observatory technology, the polar seabed observation system has also been developed in some extent, such as German Arctic HAUSGARTEN system, American Polar Remote Interactive Marine Observatory (PRIMO), however, the logistical requirements restrict the development of the system in polar region. Supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program, the National Marine Public Welfare Research Project of China, and Antarctic and Arctic Environment Investigation and Comprehensive Assessment Special Project, we have developed and deployed a polar nearshore marine environment monitoring system, large polar airocean coupling buoy and some mooring systems, which make a positive contribution to China’s polar oceanographic observations and researches. However, in general, a network system of China’s polar seabed observatory has not yet formed. As a prospect, a series of seabed observation systems is going to be developed in the Chukchi Sea and Canada Basin and Antarctic Prydz Bay to systematically observe and reveal the characteristics of the marine environment in these areas.

Key words: Polar, Seafloor observation system, Polar marine environment

中图分类号:

[1]Wang Pinxian. Seafloor observations: The third platform for Earth system observation[J]. Chinese Journal of Nature, 2007, 29(3): 125-130.[汪品先. 从海底观察地球——地球系统的第三个观测平台[J]. 自然杂志, 2007, 29(3): 125-130.]

[2]Wang Pinxian, Li Jianru. Towards a new stage in marine science—Why is the book “Seafloor Observation”?[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2011, 26(11): 1 341-1 344.[汪品先, 李建如. 迎接海洋科学的新时期——为什么编写“海底观测”一书?[J]. 地球科学进展, 2011, 26(11): 1 341-1 344.]

[3]Shanghai Center of Marine Science & Technology(Prepartong Office), State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology of Tongji University. China Seafloor Observation—Science and Technology[M]. Shanghai：Tongji University Press, 2011.[上海海洋科技研究中心(筹), 海洋地质国家重点实验室(同济大学).海底观测——科学与技术的结合[M]. 上海: 同济大学出版社, 2011.]

[4]Cai W, Chen L, Chen B, et al. Decrease in the CO2 uptake capacity in an ice-free Arctic Ocean Basin[J]. Science, 2010, 329(5 991): 556-559.

[5]Gao Zhongyong, Chen Liqi, Cai Weijun, et al. Arctic carbon sink in global change: Present and future[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2007, 22(8): 857-865.[高众勇, 陈立奇, Cai Weijun, 等. 全球变化中的北极碳汇: 现状与未来[J]. 地球科学进展, 2007, 22(8): 857-865.]

[6]He Jianfeng, Zhang Fang. The quick change of marine environment with ecological response in the Arctic Ocean[J]. Chinese Journal of Nature, 2012, 34(2): 96-101.[何剑锋, 张芳. 北冰洋环境快速变化与生态响应[J]. 自然杂志, 2012, 34(2): 96-101. ]

[7]Asper V, Gallager S, von der Heydt K, et al. Design and construction of a Polar Remote Interactive Marine Observatory (PRIMO)[J]. Oceans, 2006, doi:10.1109/Oceans.2006.306813.

[8]Soltwedel T, Bauerfeind E, Bergmann M, et al. HAUSGARTEN: Multidisciplinary investigations at a deep-sea, long-term observatory in the Arctic Ocean[J]. Oceanography, 2005, 18(3): 46-61.

[9]Zhu Rui, Wang Xiangnan, Shi Jianjun, et al. Antarctic Great Wall Bay marine environment montoring system PC software design[J]. Ocean Technology, 2010, 29(4): 23-30.[朱锐, 王项南, 石建军, 等. 南极长城湾海域海洋环境监测系统上位机软件设计[J]. 海洋技术, 2010, 29(4): 23-30. ]

[10]Tian Chuan. The Designing of Polar Marine Environment Monitoring System[D].Qingdao: China Ocean University, 2009.[田川. 极地海洋环境监测系统总体设计与实现[D]. 青岛：中国海洋大学, 2009.]

[11]He Jianfeng, Zhang Fang, Cai Minghong, et al. Basic analysis of the seasonal environmental variation at Great Wall Bay, Antarctica, using a nearshore marine environmental monitoring system[J]. Chinese Journal of Polar Research, 2011, 23(4): 269-274.[何剑锋, 张芳, 蔡明红, 等. 基于极地近岸海洋环境监测系统的南极长城湾生态环境变化初析[J]. 极地研究, 2011, 23(4): 269-274.]

[12]He J, Zhang F, Lin L, et al. Effects of 2010 Chile and 2011 Japan tsunamis on the Antarctic coastal waters as detected via online mooring system[J]. Antarctic Science, 2012, 24(6): 665-671.

[13]Jiao Yutian, Zhao Jinping, Shi Jiuxin, et al. The design and deployment of mooring system in polar region[J]. Chinese Journal of Polar Science, 2007, 19(4): 305-313.[矫玉田, 赵进平, 史久新, 等. 极区海洋锚碇观测系统的设计和布放[J]. 极地研究, 2007, 19(4): 305-313. ]

[14]Zhang Haisheng. The Report of 2008 Chinese Arctic Research Expedition[M]. Beijing: Ocean Press, 2009.[张海生. 中国第三次北极科学考察报告[M]. 北京: 海洋出版社, 2009. ]

[15]Wang Huiwu, Chen Hongxia, Lü Lian’gang, et al. Study of tide and residual current observations in Chukchi Sea in the summer 2008[J]. Acta Oceanologica Sinica, 2011, 33(6): 1-8.[王辉武, 陈红霞, 吕连港, 等. 楚科奇海夏季潮流和余流观测研究[J]. 海洋学报, 2011, 33(6): 1-8.]

[1]	汪芋君, 任宏利, 王琳. 第三极地区气温和积雪的季节—年际气候预测研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2021, 36(2): 198-210.
[2]	冷疏影,汪建君,张亮,连展,王清. 2020年度海洋科学与极地科学基金项目评审与资助成果分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2020, 35(11): 1189-1200.
[3]	张春灌,李想,袁炳强,宋立军. 地球磁异常( EMAG2)数据中海域资料质量评估[J]. 地球科学进展, 2019, 34(3): 288-294.
[4]	冷疏影,李薇,汪建君,邵伟增,李刚,邢荣莲. 2019年度海洋科学与极地科学基金项目评审与资助成果分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2019, 34(11): 1202-1211.
[5]	冷疏影, 李薇, 李克强, 沙龙滨, 沙珍霞, 沙金. 2018年度海洋科学与极地科学基金项目评审与资助成果分析 ^*[J]. 地球科学进展, 2018, 33(12): 1305-1313.
[6]	李悦, 王汝建, 李文宝. 利用有孔虫氧同位素重建古海平面变化的研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2016, 31(3): 310-319.
[7]	汪品先. 从海洋内部研究海洋[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(5): 517-520.
[8]	马红梅，孙波，姜苏，安春雷，史贵涛，李院生. 极地冰下生物地球化学过程研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2012, 27(2): 147-153.
[9]	任建国，李薇，母昌考，姚景龙，高怡. 2012年度海洋与极地科学领域基金项目的受理与评审[J]. 地球科学进展, 2012, 27(12): 1403-1405.
[10]	叶黎明,罗鹏,杨克红. 天然气水合物气候效应研究进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2011, 26(5): 565-574.
[11]	任建国，李薇，董志军，高怡. 2011年度海洋与极地科学领域基金项目的受理与评审[J]. 地球科学进展, 2011, 26(12): 1333-1335.
[12]	何琰，赵进平. 北欧海的锋面分布特征及其季节变化[J]. 地球科学进展, 2011, 26(10): 1079-1091.
[13]	任建国，李薇，孟庆勇，李升康. 2010年度海洋与极地科学领域基金项目的受理与评审[J]. 地球科学进展, 2010, 25(12): 1402-1404.
[14]	任建国，李薇，朱国平. 2009年度海洋与极地科学领域基金项目的受理与评审[J]. 地球科学进展, 2009, 24(12): 1383-1384.
[15]	任建国,李薇,鲁义善. 2008年度海洋与极地科学领域项目受理与评审[J]. 地球科学进展, 2008, 23(12): 1321-1323.

阅读次数

全文

摘要