地球科学进展 ›› 2026, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (2): 115 -126. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2026.007

院士论坛    

陆域水文生态过程多尺度变化机理与效应研究进展
冯起1(), 付晓莉2, 刘元波3, 刘俊国4, 黄河清2, 鱼腾飞1, 郭小燕1, 宁婷婷1, 李宝锋1, 朱猛1   
  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 干旱区生态安全与可持续发展全国重点实验室/阿拉善荒漠 生态水文试验研究站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京 100101
    3.中国 科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所,江苏 南京 211135
    4.华北水利水电大学,河南 郑州 450045
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-29 修回日期:2025-12-29 出版日期:2026-02-10
  • 基金资助:
    中国工程院战略研究与咨询项目(2025BEL01002);中国科学院B类先导专项(XDB0720401)

Research Progress on Multi-Scale Variation Mechanisms and Effects of Terrestrial Hydrological and Ecological Processes

Qi Feng1(), Xiaoli Fu2, Yuanbo Liu3, Junguo Liu4, Heqing Huang2, Tengfei Yu1, Xiaoyan Guo1, Tingting Ning1, Baofeng Li1, Meng Zhu1   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands/Alax Desert Eco-hydrological Experimental Research Station, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
    2.Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
    3.Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 211135, China
    4.North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Zhengzhou 450045, China
  • Received:2025-07-29 Revised:2025-12-29 Online:2026-02-10 Published:2026-04-02
  • About author:Feng Qi, Academicians of Chinese Academy of Engineering, research areas include hydrology and water resources, ecohydrology and restoration ecology. E-mail: qifeng@lzb.ac.cn
  • Supported by:
    the Strategic Research and Consulting Program of the Chinese Academy of Engineering(2025BEL01002);The Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB0720401)

陆域下垫面的高度异质性与水文生态过程的复杂耦合特征,导致陆域水文生态过程的多尺度耦合演变机理尚不明晰,水文—土壤—植被—人类活动全过程多要素耦合模拟体系尚不完善,水文生态过程多尺度变化引发的资源环境效应与衍生风险认知亦存在不足。上述问题已成为厘清并解决水文、生态、资源与环境系列问题的关键瓶颈,同时制约了区域水资源精细化管理与生态环境的可持续发展。因此,尝试从多尺度过程耦合、物质能量循环和生物地球化学过程等角度,阐明典型陆域水文生态过程的多尺度耦合机理及其资源环境效应。未来应重点围绕内陆河流域水文生态多尺度变化过程与水资源效应、黄土高原水文生态耦合过程多尺度变化机理、湖泊流域水文生态过程的多尺度测算及变化机制、大湾区水文生态过程多尺度耦合机制与社会经济风险,以及陆域水文生态过程变化的资源环境效应展开研究,揭示内陆河流域、黄土高原、湖泊流域和大湾区等典型陆域的水文生态过程多尺度耦合机理;研发蒸散发等水文生态关键参量的监测方法,研发陆域水文生态过程耦合模拟技术;阐明全球变化背景下,典型陆域水文生态过程变化的资源环境效应及其社会经济风险,为区域水资源合理开发利用、生态环境保护和全球变化应对提供科学支撑。

The high heterogeneity of terrestrial underlying surfaces and the complex coupling characteristics of ecohydrological processes lead to unclear multi-scale coupling evolution mechanisms of terrestrial ecohydrological processes, imperfect coupling simulation systems for multi-factor interactions, including hydrology, soil, vegetation and human activities, as well as insufficient cognition of the resource and environmental effects and derivative risks induced by the multi-scale variations in ecohydrological processes. These issues have become the core bottleneck for clarifying and solving a series of hydrological, ecological, resource, and environmental problems, and also restrict the refined management of regional water resources and the sustainable development of ecological environments.To solve the above issues, this paper breaks through the coupling and effects of typical terrestrial ecological and hydrological systems, coupling from the perspective of the multi-element coupling cycle, energy cycle, and biological process. It proposes the future research on the multi- change process of inland river basin hydrological and ecological and its water resources effects, the multi-scale change mechanism of the coupling process of hydrological and ecological in the Loess plateau, the multi-scale measurement and change mechanism of the hydrological and ecological processes in the lake basin, and the multi-scale change mechanism of the hydrological and ecological processes the Great Bay Area and its social and economic risks and the resource and ecological environment effects of the changes in the terrestrial hydrological and ecological processes. Revealing the typical terrestrial-scale coupling mechanism of inland river basins, the Loess Plateau, lake basins, the Great Bay Area and other typical terrestrial hydrological and ecological processes developing the monitoring methods of key hydrological and ecological parameters such as evapotranspiration, and developing the coupling simulation technology of terrestrial hydrological and ecological processes, elating the resource and environmental effects and its socio-economic risks of the changes in typical terrestrial hydrological and ecological processes under the background of global change, and providing a scientific basis the rational use of regional water resources, ecological environment protection and global change response.

中图分类号: 

图1 陆域水文生态过程多尺度耦合及其资源环境效应
Fig.1 Multiscale coupling of land hydrological and ecological processes and its resource and environmental effects
图2 陆域水文生态过程多尺度研究技术路线图
RCMs:区域气候模型;DTVGM:分布式时变增益模型;VIC:可变下渗容量模型。
Fig. 2 Technological route for multi-scale research on land hydrological and ecological processes
RCMs: Regional Climate Models; DTVGM: Distributed Time-Variant Gain Model; VIC: Variable Infiltration Capacity.
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