地球科学进展 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (12): 1363 -1379. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2025.059

土壤特征与水环境化学 上一篇    下一篇

奈曼旗农牧交错带地下水水化学形成机制与背景值研究
鲁重生1,2(), 曹文庚1,2(), 庄海艳3, 丛日辉3, 仝艳龙4, 任宇1,2, 李祥志1,2, 宋乐1,2, 卢瑶1,2, 郭记菊1,2   
  1. 1.中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,河北 石家庄 050061
    2.河北省/中国地质调查局 地下水污染机理与修复重点实验室,河北 石家庄 050061
    3.奈曼旗水务局,内蒙古 通辽 028300
    4.奈曼旗自然资源局,内蒙古 通辽 028306
  • 收稿日期:2025-06-27 修回日期:2025-09-16 出版日期:2025-12-10
  • 通讯作者: 曹文庚 E-mail:cugblcs4515@163.com;caowengeng@mail.cgs.gov.cn
  • 基金资助:
    中国地质调查局水文地质调查项目(DD20242500-1);中国地质科学院基本科研业务费专项(SK202411)

Study on the Formation Mechanism and Background Values of Groundwater Hydrochemistry in Farming-Pastoral Zone, Naiman Banner

Chongsheng LU1,2(), Wengeng CAO1,2(), Haiyan ZHUANG3, Rihui CONG3, Yanlong TONG4, Yu REN1,2, Xiangzhi LI1,2, Le SONG1,2, Yao LU1,2, Jiju GUO1,2   

  1. 1.The Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology, Chinese Academy of Geosciences, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
    2.Key Laboratory of Groundwater Contamination and Remediation, Hebei Province & China Geological Survey, Shijiazhuang 050061, China
    3.Water Affairs Bureau of Naiman Banner, Tongliao Inner Mongolia 028000, China
    4.Natural Resources Bureau of Naiman Banner, Tongliao Inner Mongolia 028306, China
  • Received:2025-06-27 Revised:2025-09-16 Online:2025-12-10 Published:2026-01-17
  • Contact: Wengeng CAO E-mail:cugblcs4515@163.com;caowengeng@mail.cgs.gov.cn
  • About author:LU Chongsheng, research areas include hydrogeological and hydrogeochemical research. E-mail: cugblcs4515@163.com
  • Supported by:
    the Hydrogeological Survey Project of China Geological Survey(DD20242500-1);Chinese Academy of Geological Science Basal Research Fund(SK202411)

奈曼旗农牧交错带地处科尔沁沙地腹地生态脆弱区,对其地下水水化学形成机制与背景值研究可支撑水资源配置及农牧业绿色发展。基于水文地质调查与水文地球化学分析,结合自组织映射神经网络与K-means聚类混合算法,揭示了地下水化学组成、主控过程及环境背景值。结果表明:地下水化学组成空间差异性强,但水化学类型均以HCO3-Ca·Mg为主,呈弱碱性;地下水化学演化主要受碳酸盐矿物的溶解—沉淀以及硅酸盐矿物的风化溶解驱动,同时受控于正向阳离子交替吸附作用;总铁、F-、溶解性总固体和NO3-N是影响奈曼旗地下水质量的关键指标,通过水文地球化学图解法、Grubbs检验及自组织映射神经网络多方法联合估算其视背景值,分别为0.42~0.56 mg/L、0.34~0.38 mg/L、181~188 mg/L和0.22~1.58 mg/L,其中,总铁的高背景值可能与菱铁矿溶解有关,F-富集则受控于萤石溶解及正向阳离子交替吸附作用。研究结果为区域水资源优化管理、污染防治及生态保护提供了科学依据。

The farming-pastoral zone in Naiman Banner is located in the hinterland of Horqin Sandy Land. The research on the formation mechanism and background values of groundwater hydrochemistry supports the allocation of water resources and the green development of agriculture and animal husbandry. Based on hydrogeological survey and hydrogeochemical analysis, combined with self-organizing map neural network (SOM) and K-means clustering hybrid algorithm, this study revealed the characteristics of groundwater chemical composition, main controlling factors, and environmental background values. Results indicated significant spatial heterogeneity in groundwater chemistry, with HCO3-Ca·Mg as the predominant hydrochemical type and weakly alkaline characteristics. Groundwater chemical evolution is primarily driven by dissolution-precipitation of carbonate minerals and weathering of silicate minerals, and controlled by alternating positive cation adsorption. The apparent background values of Total Fe (TFe), F-, TDS and NO3-N, key indicators affecting the quality of groundwater in Naiman Banner, were 0.42~0.56 mg/L, 0.34~0.38 mg/L, 181~188 mg/L and 0.22~1.58 mg/L, respectively, which were estimated by using a coupled approach of hydrogeochemical graphic method, Grubbs test and SOM. The high background of TFe may be related to siderite dissolution, while the F- enrichment is controlled by fluorite dissolution and alternating positive cation adsorption. This research elucidates the groundwater background values and hydrochemical formation mechanisms in the farming-pastoral zone of Naiman Banner, providing scientific support for the optimization management of regional water resources, pollution prevention, and ecological conservation.

中图分类号: 

图1 奈曼旗地下水样品分布
Fig. 1 Location of the distribution of groundwater samples of Naiman Banner
图2 奈曼旗典型水文地质剖面图
Fig. 2 Typical hydrogeological profile of Naiman Banner
图3 地下水SOM算法输入变量U型矩阵及分量分布(a)和分类结果(b
Fig. 3 Input variable U-shaped matrixcomponent distributiona), and classification results of SOM algorithm for groundwaterb
图4 G1~G4分组中地下水化学组分箱线图以及样品点分布
TFe:总铁;TH:总硬度;COD:耗氧量;TDS:溶解性总固体。
Fig. 4 Box plot of groundwater chemical components and distribution of groundwater samples in groups G1~G4
TFe: Total Fe; TH: Total Hardness; COD: Chemical Oxygen Demand; TDS: Total Dissolved Solids.
表1 奈曼旗地下水水化学参数统计 (mg/L)
Table 1 Statistics of groundwater hydrochemical parameters in Naiman Banner
图5 奈曼旗土地利用类型(a)及地下水流场与水文地质分区(b
Fig. 5 Land use typesaand groundwater flow and hydrogeological zoningbof Naiman Banner
图6 地下水Piper三线图
(a)SOM分类;(b)土地利用类型;(c)地下水水动力条件。
Fig. 6 Piper diagram of groundwater
(a) SOM classification; (b) Land use type; (c) Groundwater hydrodynamic conditions.
图7 奈曼旗水动力场控制下元素分布特征
Fig. 7 Element distribution characteristics controlled by hydrodynamic field in Naiman Banner
图8 奈曼旗地下水Gibbs图(ab)与离子比值端元图(cd
Fig. 8 Gibbs diagrama and band endmember diagram of ion ratio in groundwaterc and din Naiman Banner
图9 奈曼旗地下水的矿物溶解(a)、阳离子交换(b)、氯碱指数(c)及脱硫酸系数(d
Fig. 9 Mineral dissolutiona), cation exchangeb), chlor-alkali indexcand desulfuration coefficientdof groundwater in Naiman Banner
表2 奈曼旗典型矿物区饱和指数统计
Table 2 Typical mineral saturation index statistics in Naiman Banner
图10 奈曼旗地下水常规指标视背景值计算结果
TFe:总铁;TH:总硬度;TDS:溶解性总固体。
Fig. 10 Calculation results of background values for conventional groundwater indicators in Naiman Banner
TFe: Total Fe; TH: Total Hardness; TDS: Total Dissolved Solids.
图11 奈曼旗TFea)、F-b)、TDSc)和NO3-Nd)的累积分布函数图
TFe:总铁;TDS:溶解性总固体。
Fig. 11 Cumulative distribution function diagram of TFea)、F-b)、TDScand NO3-Ndin Naiman Banner
TFe: Total Fe; TDS: Total Dissolved Solids.
图12 奈曼旗地下水指标关系图
Fig. 12 Diagram of relationship between groundwater hydrochemical indicators in Naiman Banner
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