地球科学进展

地球科学进展 ›› 2016, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (2): 180 -191. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2016.02.0180.

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新疆卡拉麦里地区早石炭世火山岩地球化学特征及构造意义
陈万峰 1( ), 郭刚 2, 苗秀全 1, 王金荣 1,,A; *( ), 胡万龙 1, 赵斌斌 3, 樊立飞 4   
  1. 1.兰州大学地质科学与矿产资源学院,甘肃省西部矿产资源重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.新疆维吾尔自治区有色地质勘查局地球物理探矿队,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011
    3.甘肃省地矿局第二地勘院,甘肃 兰州730020
    4. 甘肃省有色地质调查院,甘肃 兰州 730000
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-10 修回日期:2015-12-16 出版日期:2016-02-20
  • 通讯作者: 王金荣 E-mail:chenwf14@lzu.edu.cn;jrwang@lzu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国土资源大调查项目“新疆富蕴卡拉麦里地区矿产地质调查”(编号:1212011220624)资助

Geochemical Characteristics and Tectonic Significance of Early Carboniferous Volcanic Rocks of Kalamaili, Xinjiang

Wanfeng Chen 1( ), Gang Guo 2, Xiuquan Miao 1, Jinrong Wang 1, *( ), Wanlong Hu 1, Binbin Zhao 3, Lifei Fan 4   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (Gansu Province), School of Earth Sciences,Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
    2.Nonferrous Geological Prospecting Bureau of Geophysical Prospecting Team of Xinjiang, Urumqi 830011, China
    3.No.2 Geology and Exploration Team, Gansu Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Exploration and Development, Lanzhou 730020, China
    4.Gansu Geological Survey Institute of Nonferrous Metal,Lanzhou 730000,China
  • Received:2015-11-10 Revised:2015-12-16 Online:2016-02-20 Published:2016-02-10
  • Contact: Jinrong Wang E-mail:chenwf14@lzu.edu.cn;jrwang@lzu.edu.cn
  • About author:

    First author:Chen Wanfeng(1990-), male, Gulang County, Gansu Province, Ph.D Candidate. Research areas include lithospheric evolution and mineralization.E-mail:chenwf14@lzu.edu.cn

    Corresponding author:Wang Jinrong(1958-), male, Putian City, Fujian Province, Professor. Research area include petro-tectonic.E-mail:jrwang@lzu.edu.cn

  • Supported by:
    Project supported by the Country Resource Investigation “Geological and mineral resources surveys in Kalamaili of Fuyun, Xinjiang, West of China”(No.1212011220624)
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卡拉麦里断裂带西段南侧下石炭统山梁砾石组中基性火山岩分布广泛,呈夹层整合产出。岩石具有变化的SiO2(49.43%~59.08%)、MgO(3.81%~6.28%)、K2O(0.16%~1.55%)含量,高TiO2(1.18%~2.49%)、Na2O(2.89%~5.44%)、P2O5(0.21%~0.92%)含量,为玄武岩、玄武安山岩及安山岩,属钙碱性系列。样品具相对高的HFSE含量(Ti,Zr,Y)和高的La/Nb(1.96~2.98)、Zr/Y(3.65~9.36)比值,微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图显示岩石富集大离子亲石元素Rb,Ba,K和U,Pb,相对亏损高场强元素Nb,Ta和Ti,在球粒陨石稀土元素配分图上,LREE轻微富集,(La/Yb)N=2.04~10.11,弱的负Eu异常(δEu=0.87~0.95),显示出该火山岩兼有板内玄武岩和火山弧玄武岩的地球化学特征。结合区域地质背景研究认为,山梁砾石组中火山岩形成于后造山伸展的构造背景,是由先前被俯冲流体交代过的富集地幔发生部分熔融,并有俯冲沉积物参与,经历一定的结晶分异作用和地壳混染后喷出地表而形成,且该区在晚石炭世早期伸展运动最为强烈,火山活动达到顶峰。

关键词: 山梁砾石组, 早石炭世火山岩, 后造山, 卡拉麦里, 新疆

Shanlianglishi Formation strata volcanic rocks are widely distributed in western fault zone of Kalamaili. Studies show that the rocks are basalt, andesite and basaltic andesite, calc-alkaline series with SiO2 content of samples ranging from 49.43% to 59.08%, TiO2 (1.18%~2.49%), P2O5 (0.21%~0.92%) and MgO (3.81%~6.28%). Samples have relatively high HFSE content (Ti, Zr, Y) and also high La/Nb (2.98~1.96), Zr/Y (9.36~4.01) ratio. The primitive mantle normalized trace element spider shows samples enriched LILE (Rb, Ba, K, U) and Pb, but relatively depleted Nb, Ta and Ti. Rare earth element distribution of REE shows slightly enriched LREE, (La/Yb)N=1.93~9.59, and that Eu is weakly negative anomaly (δEu=0.87~0.95). Combined with geochemical characteristics of WPB and VAB. Shanlianglishi Formation strata formed in the stretched after collision environmen. After partial melting of the enriched mantle that was previously metasomatized by the subduction fluid and with participation of the subduction sediment, magma experienced a certain degree of fractional crystallization and contamination by earth crust, and then erupted to form the Shanlianglishi Formation strata volcanic rocks. In eraly Late-Carboniferous, extensional movement was the most intense volcanic activity, which reached its peak in this area.

Key words: Shanlianglishi Formation strata, Early-Carboniferous volcanic rocks, Post-collision, Kalamaili, Xinjiang.

中图分类号: 

图1 大地构造背景图(a,b)及实测剖面图(c)
(a)据新疆卡拉麦里山幅、卡姆期特幅、库普幅1∶ 20万地质图资料修编,图中部分年龄据参考文献[14,45];(c)为(b)中用红线框圈出的剖面部分。(a):I. 阿尔曼太早古生代褶皱带;II. 将军庙古稳定陆缘;III. 阿尔曼太晚古生代岛弧;IV. 卡拉麦里古生代弧后盆地;V. 额尔齐斯晚古生代褶皱带。(b):1.泥盆系;2.下石炭统姜巴斯套组;3.下石炭统山梁砾石组;4.下—上石炭统巴塔玛依内山组;5.上石炭统石钱滩组;6.流纹斑岩;7.花岗岩;8.斜长花岗岩;9.石英闪长岩;10.蛇绿岩;11.前人研究位置;12.采样位置;13.实测剖面;F1.卡拉麦里断裂;F2.清水—苏吉泉断裂
Fig.1 Tectonic background map(a,b) and selected cross section(c)
(a) Revising after Xinjiang Kalamailishan geological map, Kamusite geological map and Kupu geological map(1∶ 200 000), part of the age in figure according to references [14,45]; (c) is the frame circled in red in (b).(a): I. Early Paleozoic fold belts of Almantai; II. Ancient stable continental margin of Jiangjunmiao; III: Late Paleozoic island arc of Almantai; IV: Paleozoic arc basin of Kalamaili; V: Late Paleozoic fold belts of E'erqisi.(b).1.Devonian; 2.Lower Carboniferous Jiangbasitao Group; 3.Lower Carboniferous Shanlianglishi Group; 4.Upper-lower Carboniferous Batamayimeishan Group; 5.Upper Carboniferous Shiqiantan Group; 6.Rhyolite porphyry; 7.Granite; 8.Plagioclase granite; 9.Quartz diorite;10.Ophiolite; 11.Previous research position; 12.Sample location; 13.Measured section; F1.Fault of Kalamaili; F2.Fault of Qingshui-Sujiquan
图2 镜下岩石薄片(10×5)
(a)单偏光,(b)正交偏光;Pl: 斜长石;Cpx: 单斜辉石
Fig.2 Mirror rock slices (10×5)
(a)Polarized light, (b)Orthogonal polarized light. Pl: Plagioclase; Cpx:Clinopyxene
图3 TAS图解(据参考文献[52]修改)
Fig.3 TAS diagram (modified after reference [52])
图4 Nb/Y图解(据参考文献[53]修改)
Fig.4 Nb/Y diagram (modified after reference [53])
图5 SiO 2-K 2O图解(据参考文献[54]修改)
Fig.5 SiO 2-K 2O diagram (modified after reference [54])
图6 稀土元素球粒陨石标准化配分图(标准化数据来自参考文献[55])
Fig.6 Chondrite-normalized REE patterms (normalization values from reference [55])
图7 微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图(标准化数据来自参考文献[55])
Fig.7 Primitive mantle-normalized trace element patterns (normalization values from reference [55])
图8 Ce/Nb-Th/Nb图解(据参考文献[66]修改)
PM:原始地幔;DMM:亏损地幔端员;N-MORB:N型洋中脊玄武岩;E-MORB:E型洋中脊玄武岩;OIB:洋岛玄武岩;BC:平均大陆壳;UCC:大陆上地壳;GLOSS:全球俯冲沉积物组成;Iceland plume:冰岛地幔柱;ECFB:峨眉山大陆溢流玄武岩
Fig.8 Ce/Nb-Th/Nb diagram (modified after reference[66])
PM: Primitive mantle; DMM: Depleted mantle end member; N-MORB:N type mid ocean ridge basalt; E-MORB: E type mid ocean ridge basalt;OIB: Oceanic island basalt; BC: Average continental crust; UCC:Upper continental crust;GLOSS:Global subduction sediment composition;Iceland plume:Iceland mantle plume;ECFB: Mount E'mei continental flood basalt
图9 Ti-Zr图解(据参考文献[68]修改)
WPB:板内玄武岩;MORB:大洋中脊玄武岩;IAB:岛弧玄武岩
Fig.9 Ti-Zr diagram (modified after reference [68])
WPB: Within-Plate Basalt; MORB: Mid Ocean Ridge Basalt;IAB: Island Arc Basalt
图10 Zr/Y-Zr图解(据参考文献[69]修改)
WPB:板内玄武岩;MORB:大洋中脊玄武岩;IAB:岛弧玄武岩
Fig.10 Zr/Y-Zr diagram (modified after reference [69])
WPB: Within-plate basalt; MORB: Mid ocean ridge basalt;IAB: Island arc basalt
图11 Nb-Zr-Y图解(据参考文献[70]修改)
WPA:板内碱性玄武岩;WPT:板内拉斑玄武岩;P-MORB:P型洋中脊玄武岩;N-MORB:N型洋中脊玄武岩;VAB:火山弧玄武岩
Fig.11 Nb-Zr-Y diagram (modified after reference [70])
WPA: Within-plate alkali basalt; WPT: Within-plate tholeiite;P-MORB: P type mid ocean ridge basalt; N-MORB: N type mid ocean ridge basalt; VAB: Volcanic arc basalt
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