西南地区黑色岩系铀成矿作用及成因模式探讨

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2012.10.1035

地球科学进展 ›› 2012, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (10): 1035 -1042. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2012.10.1035

矿床地球化学与成矿成因下一篇

西南地区黑色岩系铀成矿作用及成因模式探讨

倪师军 ^1,2,徐争启 ^1,2,张成江 ^1,2，宋昊 ¹，罗超 ^1

1.成都理工大学地球化学与核资源工程系，四川成都 610059；2.地学核技术四川省重点实验室，四川成都 610059

收稿日期:2012-07-24 修回日期:2012-08-27 出版日期:2012-10-10
通讯作者: 倪师军（1957-），男，江西萍乡人，教授，主要从事铀矿地质教学和研究工作.E-mail:nsj@cdut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“广西大新铀矿床成矿物质来源研究”(编号：41173059)；中国核工业地质局重点科研项目“西南地区深部地质过程与铀成矿作用”（编号：201148）和“西南地区重大地质事件与铀成矿响应”（编号：200995）资助.

Uranium Metallogenesis and Ore Genesis of the Rich-Large Black Rock Series-Type Uranium Deposits in Southwest China

Ni Shijun ^1,2, Xu Zhengqi ^1,2, Zhang Chengjiang ^1,2，Song Hao ¹, Luo Chao ¹

1.Department of Geochemistry and Nuclear Resources Engineering,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China；2.Key Laboratory of Nuclear Techniques in Geosciences of Sichuan Province, Chengdu 610059, China

Received:2012-07-24 Revised:2012-08-27 Online:2012-10-10 Published:2012-10-10

下载PDF ( 1261 )

西南地区广泛分布黑色岩系，主要分布于上震旦统—下寒武统、志留系、二叠系和三叠系，其中以上震旦统—下寒武统为主，次为志留系。西南地区黑色岩系中分布有众多的铀矿床、铀矿点和铀矿化点，但铀矿床相对较少。西南地区黑色岩系中典型的矿床有四川若尔盖铀矿床（510）、贵州白马硐铀矿床（504）和广西大新铀矿床（373）。这3个富大铀矿床具有许多相似的特点，与深大断裂有关，也与岩性有关，同时还与岩浆—流体活动有关。西南地区黑色岩系沉积和成岩期初步富集较高含量的铀，是西南地区黑色岩系铀成矿的前奏。后期改造作用和叠加成矿的方式及规模，是西南地区黑色岩系中铀矿大矿和富矿形成的必要条件。西南地区黑色岩系中形成富大铀矿需要经过“三部曲”：①前奏：沉积作用形成铀含量高值区（铀异常），②改造：浅源流体改造形成铀的再富集（出现铀矿点、小型或中型矿床），③叠加：深源流体叠加和改造形成富大矿（大型铀矿床）。

关键词: 矿床成因, 铀成矿作用, 重大地质事件, 黑色岩系, 西南地区

Black rock series, which are widely distributed in Southwestern China, Distribute mainly in the upper SinianLower Cambrian, Silurian system, Permian and Triassic. Among them, the major strata is the upper Sinianlower Cambrian, followed by silurian system. In the black rock series in Southwestern China, there are many typical deposits, with many similar characteristics, has close relationship with the regional deep fault, lithology, magmatismfluid activity. Numerous Uranium deposits, uranium occurrences and mineralized spots are widely distributed in the black rock series. In the black rock series in Southwestern China, there are many typical deposits, such as Zoige deposit (510) of Sichuan, Baimadong deposit in （504） Guizhou and Daxin deposit（373）of Guangxi. In Southwestern China, higher concentration of uranium in black rock series by sedimentation and Diagenetic stage is the prelude of the black rock seriestype uranium deposits. The metallogenic way and scale of reformation and superposition are essential condition for the formation of rich and large deposit in black rock series. A necessary "trilogy" to the formation of rich and large deposit in Southwestern China: Prelude: High value area of uranium content by sedimentation (uranium mineralized spots and "abnormal area" of uranium); Reformation: Second uranium enrichment by the transformation of shallowsourced fluid (small or mediumsized uranium deposits, uranium occurrences); Superposition: Formation of rich and large deposit by the superposition of deepsourced fluid (largescale uranium deposits).

Key words: Ore genesis, Uranium metallogenesis, Major geological events, Black rock series, Southwest China

中图分类号:

P619.14

[1]Tu Guangzhi.On the certral Asia metallogenic Province[J]. Scientia Geologica Sinica，1999, 34 (4): 397-404.[涂光炽. 初议中亚成矿域[J]. 地质科学，1999, 34 (4): 397-404.]

[2]Zhou Weixun, Guo Fusheng.The Uranium Deposits in the World[M]. Beijing: Atomic Energy Press, 2000: 1-19, 187-200.[周维勋，郭福生. 世界铀矿床录[M]. 北京: 原子能出版社, 2000: 1-19, 187-200.]

[3]Mao Jingwen,Zhang Guangdi, Du Andao，et al. Geology, geochemistry, and Re-Os isotopic dating of the Huangjiawan Ni-Mo-PGE Deposit, Zunyi, Guizhou Province—With a discussion of the polymetallic mineralization of basal cambrian black shales in south China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica,2001,(2): 234-243.[毛景文，张光弟，杜安道，等. 遵义黄家湾镍钼铂族元素矿床地质、地球化学和Re-Os同位素年龄测定——兼论华南寒武系底部黑色页岩多金属成矿作用[J]. 地质学报,2001,(2): 234-243.]

[4]Jiang S, Yang J, Ling H, et al. Extreme enrichment of polymetallic Ni-Mo-PGE-Au in Lower Cambrian black shales of South China: An Os isotope and PGE geochemical investigation[J].Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,2007, 254(1/2): 217-228.

[5]Jiang S, Zhao H, Chen Y, et al. Trace and rare Earth element geochemistry of phosphate nodules from the lower Cambrian black shale sequence in the Mufu Mountain of Nanjing, Jiangsu province, China[J]. Chemical Geology,2007, 244(3/4): 584-604.

[6]Orberger B, Vymazalova A, Wagner C, et al. Biogenic origin of intergrown Mo-sulphide-and carbonaceous matter in Lower Cambrian black shales (Zunyi Formation, southern China)[J]. Chemical Geology,2007, 238(3/4): 213-231.

[7]Galindo C, Mougin L, Fakhi S, et al. Distribution of naturally occurring radionuclides (U, Th) in Timahdit black shale (Morocco)[J]. Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,2007, 92(1): 41-54.

[8]Rawat T P S, Joshi G B, Basu B, et al. Occurrence of Proterozoic black shale-hosted Uranium mineralisation in Tal Group, Sirmour district, Himachal Pradesh[J]. Journal of the Geological Society of India,2010, 75(5): 709-714.

[9]Young R G.Uranium Deposits of the World, Excluding Europe[M].London: The Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, 1984:117-139.

[10]Zhang Chengjiang, Chen Youliang. Discovery of vertical zoning in the 510-1 Uranium deposit and its geological implications[J]. Geology and Exploration,2010,46(3): 434-441.[张成江，陈友良. 510-1铀矿床垂直分带规律的发现及其成因意义[J]. 地质与勘探,2010,46(3): 434-441.]

[11]Zhao Fengmin. An review on geology study of carbonaceous-siliceous-pelitic rock type Uranium deposit in China and the strategy for its development[J]. Uranium Geology,2009,25(2): 91-97.[赵凤民. 中国碳硅泥岩型铀矿地质工作回顾与发展对策[J]. 铀矿地质,2009,25(2): 91-97.]

[12]Zhang Wenzhao, Wang Shouchun. Sediment source bed formation mechanism of carbonaceous-siliceous-pelitic rock type strata-bound Uranium deposit [J].Geology-Geochemistry,1991,(4): 13-16.[张文昭，王守春. 碳硅泥岩型层控铀矿床沉积矿源层形成机制探讨[J]. 地质地球化学,1991,(4): 13-16.]

[13]He Mingyou. Tectonomagmatic Activation Genetic Model for Ruoergai Uranium Metallogenic Zone[D].Chengdu: Chengdu Institute of Technology,1993.[何明友.若尔盖铀成矿带构造—岩浆活化成因模式[D]．成都：成都理工学院，1993.]

[14]Zhang Daishi. Discussion on metallogenetic regularities of carbonate-siliceous-pelitic rock type uranium deposits in China[J]. Uranium Geology,1994,10(4): 207-211.[张待时.中国碳硅泥岩型铀矿床成矿规律探讨[J]. 铀矿地质,1994,10(4): 207-211.]

[15]Mao Jingwen, Hu Ruizhong, Chen Yuchuan, et al. Large-scale Mineralization and Prediction for the Large Mineralized Clusters[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 2005.[毛景文，胡瑞忠，陈毓川，等.大规模成矿作用与大型矿集区[M].北京:地质出版社，2005.]

[16]Zhang Jindai. The potential and foreground of uranium resource in China[J].China Nuclear Industry,2008,(2): 18-21.[张金带. 中国铀资源的潜力与前景[J]. 中国核工业,2008,(2): 18-21.]

[17]Chen Youliang. The Study on Ore-forming Fluid Genesis and Ore-forming Model of Carbonaceous-Siliceous-Argillitic Rock Type Uranium Deposit in Zoige Region[D]. Chengdu: Chengdu University of Technology, 2008.[陈友良. 若尔盖地区碳硅泥岩型铀矿床成矿流体成因和成矿模式研究[D]. 成都: 成都理工大学, 2008.]

[18]Ni S, Zhang C, Xu Z. Uranium exploration and the prospecting direction, in southwest China[J]. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs,2011, 43(5): 413.

[19]Zhao Zongju,Zhu Yan , Xu Yunjun. Formation rules and prediction of exploration targets of paleozoic-Mesozoic oil-gas reservoirs in southern China[J]. Acta Geologica Sinica, 2004,78(5): 710-720.[赵宗举，朱琰，徐云俊. 中国南方古生界—中生界油气藏成藏规律及勘探方向[J]. 地质学报,2004,78(5): 710-720.]

[20]Zhang C, Xu Z, Ni S. Major geological events and Vranium metallogenesis in south-west of China[J]. Geological Society of America Abstracts with Programs,2011, 43(5): 413.

[21]Zhang C, Xu Z, Ni S. Mineralization features and metallogeny of polymetallic deposit in black shale series in Southwest China[J]. Mineralogical Magazine,2011,75: 2 250.

[22]Xu Zhengqi,Liang Jun,Cheng Fagui,et al. The new evidence of genesis in Daxin Vranium deposit,Guangxi[J]. Acta Mineralogica Sinica, 2011,(Suppl.1): 306-307.[徐争启，梁军，程发贵，等. 广西大新铀矿床成因的新证据[J]. 矿物学报,2011,(增刊1): 306-307.]

[23]Yu Zhongmei,Xu Zhengqi. Elements geochemistry of 504 Vranium deposit[J]. Acta Mineralogica Sinica, 2009,(Suppl.1): 647.[余中美，徐争启. 504铀矿床元素地球化学特征[J]. 矿物学报,2009,(增刊1): 647.]

[1]	林祖苇,赵新福,熊乐,朱照先. 胶东三山岛金矿床黄铁矿原位微区微量元素特征及对矿床成因的指示[J]. 地球科学进展, 2019, 34(4): 399-413.
[2]	杨恩林,吕新彪,鲍淼,罗建均,胡庆成. 黔东下寒武统黑色页岩微量元素的富集及成因分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(10): 1160-1169.
[3]	孙贺,肖益林. 流体包裹体研究：进展、地质应用及展望[J]. 地球科学进展, 2009, 24(10): 1105-1121.
[4]	何大明;吴绍洪;彭华;杨志峰;欧晓昆;崔保山. 纵向岭谷区生态系统变化及西南跨境生态安全研究[J]. 地球科学进展, 2005, 20(3): 338-344.
[5]	易发成，高振敏. 黑色岩系中铂族元素地质地球化学特征[J]. 地球科学进展, 1996, 11(3): 275-281.
[6]	胡瑞忠. 花岗岩型铀矿床成因讨论——以华南为例[J]. 地球科学进展, 1994, 9(2): 41-46.

阅读次数

全文

摘要