地球科学进展 ›› 2012, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (2): 209 -216. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2012.02.0209

所属专题: IODP研究

IODP研究 上一篇    下一篇

西北冰洋阿尔法脊晚第四纪的陆源沉积物记录及其古环境意义
刘伟男 1,王汝建 1*,陈建芳 2,程振波 3,陈志华 3,孙烨忱 1   
  1. 1.同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室,上海200092; 2.国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,浙江杭州310012;3.国家海洋局第一海洋研究所,山东青岛266061
  • 收稿日期:2011-12-28 修回日期:2012-01-18 出版日期:2012-02-10
  • 通讯作者: 王汝建(1959-),男,云南昆明人,教授,主要从事海洋地质学、古海洋学与古气候学研究. E-mail:rjwang@tongji.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金重点项目“重建西北冰洋晚第四纪的古海洋与古气候演变历史”(编号:41030859);中国第三次北极科学考察以及国际极地年中国行动计划资助项目;中国地质调查局项目(编号:水[2011]01-14-04)资助.

Late Quaternary Terrigenous Sedimentation in the Western Arctic Ocean as Exemplified by a Sedimentary Record from the Alpha Ridge

Liu Weinan 1, Wang Rujian 1, Chen Jianfang 2, Cheng Zhenbo 3, Chen Zhihua 3, Sun Yechen 1   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China;2.The Second Institute of Oceanography, Hangzhou 310012, China;3.The First Institute of Oceanography, Qingdao 266061, China
  • Received:2011-12-28 Revised:2012-01-18 Online:2012-02-10 Published:2012-02-10

通过西北冰洋阿尔法脊B84A孔中—晚第四纪以来的沉积物颜色旋回,Mn、Ca元素相对含量、颜色反射率、有孔虫丰度、冰筏碎屑(IRD)含量、粒度组分及其敏感性分析的综合研究,建立了B84A孔的地层年代框架,其沉积物被划分为MIS 12~MIS 1的沉积序列。阿尔法脊B84A孔可以识别出12个IRD事件,它们大多出现在冰消期,并认为其源区为加拿大北极群岛地区。这些IRD事件反映了加拿大北极冰盖的崩塌和气候变化。阿尔法脊B84A孔沉积物的环境敏感组分分别为细组分(4~9 μm)和粗组分(19~53 μm),两者的变化趋势相反,主要由海冰和洋流进行搬运,指示了洋流的强度变化。B84A孔的平均沉积速率约为0.4 cm/ka,与阿尔法脊周围地区沉积速率相近。相比于近岸的高沉积速率,其限制因素主要为大面积海冰覆盖造成的较低的生产力和由于长距离搬运造成的较低的陆源输入量。

Terrigenous components in sediment core B84A from the Alpha Ridge, western Arctic Ocean, have been investigated to reconstruct the Mid to Late Quaternary variations in sedimentation, source regions, and related climate changes. The core stratigraphy, evaluated by a combination of variations in Mn content, color cycles, foraminiferal abundance, and lithological correlation, extends back to estimated Marine Isotope Stage (MIS) 12. Twelve ice rafted detritus (IRD, >250 μm) events were identified and interpreted to mostly occur during the deglacial periods. The Canadian Arctic covered by ice sheets during glacial periods is suggested to be the major source region. The IRD events likely indicate the collapses of ice sheets, possibly in relation to abrupt climate changes. Grain size analysis of B84A indicates sedimentologically sensitive components in core B84A in the silt subfractions 4~9 μm and 19~53 μm, which are inferred to be mainly transported by currents and sea ice, respectively. Downcore variability of these two fractions may indicate changes in ice drift and current strength. In accordance with previous studies in the central Arctic Ocean, average sedimentation rate in core B84A is about 0.4 cm/ka. In comparison with relatively high sedimentation rates at the margins, sedimentation in the central Arctic Ocean is limited by sea ice cover and related low bioproductivity, as well as long distance from the source regions of terrigenous sediment.

中图分类号: 

[1]Darby D A, Polyak L, Bauch H A. Past glacial and interglacial conditions in the Arctic Ocean and marginal seas—A review[J]. Progress in Oceanography, 2006, 71: 129-144.
[2]Spielhagen R, Baumann K, Erlenkeuser H, et al. Arctic Ocean deep-sea record of northern Eurasian ice sheet history[J]. Quaternary Science Reviews, 2004, 23: 1 455-1 483.
[3]Darby D A, Bischof J F, Spielhagen R F, et al. Arctic ice export events and their potential impact on global climate during the late Pleistocene[J]. Paleoceanography, 2002, 17: 2, doi: 10.1029/2001PA000639.
[4]Darby D A, Zimmerman P. Ice-rafted detritus events in the Arctic during the last glacial interval and the timing of the Innuitian and Laurentide ice sheet calving events[J]. Polar Research, 2008, 27: 114-127.
[5]Backman J, Jakobsson M, Løvlie R, et al. Is the central Arctic Ocean a sediment starved basin?[J]. Quaternery  Science Reviews, 2004, 23: 1 435-1 454.
[6]Polyak L, Bischof J, Ortiz J D, et al. Late Quaternary stratigraphy and sedimentation patterns in the western Arctic Ocean[J]. Global and Planetary Change,2009, 68: 5-17.
[7]Darby D A, Bischof J F, Spielhagen R F, et al. Arctic ice export events and their potential impact on global climate during the late Pleistocene[J]. Paleoceanography, 2002, 17: 2, doi: 10.1029/2001PA000639.
[8]Backman J, Fornaciari E, Rio D. Biochronology and paleoceanography of late Pleistocene and Holocene calcareous nannofossil abundances across the Arctic Basin[J]. Marine Micropaleontology,2009, 72: 86-98.
[9]Jakobsson M, Løvlie R, Al-Hanbali H, et al. Manganese and color cycle in Arctic Ocean sediments constrain Pleistocene chronology[J].Geology, 2000, 28: 23-26.
[10]Stein R, Matthiessen J, Niessen F. Re-Coring at ice island T3 site of key Core FL-224 (Nautilus Basin, Amerasian Arctic): Sediment characteristics and stratigraphic framework[J].Polarforschung, 2010, 79(2): 81-96.
[11]Stein R, Matthiessen J, Niessen F, et al. Towards a better (litho-) stratigraphy and reconstruction of Quaternary paleoenvironment in the Amerasian Basin (Arctic Ocean)[J].Polarforschung, 2010, 79(2): 97-121.
[12]Polyak L, Curry W B, Darby D A, et al. Contrasting glacial/interglacial regimes in the western Arctic Ocean as exemplified by a sedimentary record from the Mendeleev Ridge[J].Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol,2004, 203:73-93.
[13]Löwemark L, Jakobsson M, Mörth M, et al. Arctic Ocean manganese contents and sediment color cycles[J].Polar Research, 2008, 27: 105-113.
[14]Phillips R L, Grantz A. Quaternary history of sea ice and paleoclimate in the Amerasia basin, Arctic Ocean, as recorded in cyclical strata of Northwind Ridge[J].Geological Society of America Bulletin, 1997, 109: 1 101-1 115.
[15]Adler R E, Polyak L, Ortiz J D, et al. Sediment record from the western Arctic Ocean with an improved Late Quaternary age resolution: HOTRAX core HLY0503-8JPC, Mendeleev Ridge[J].Global and Planetary Change, 2009,68:18-29.
[16]Boulay S, Colin C, Trentesaux A, et al. Sedimentary responses to the Pleistocene climatic variations recorded in the South China Sea[J].Quaternary Research, 2007, 68: 162-172.
[17]Hass H C. A method to reduce the influence of ice-rafted debris on a grain size record from Fram Strait, Arctic Ocean[J].Polar Research, 2002, 21: 299-306.
[18]Clark D, Hanson A. Central Arctic Ocean sediment texture: A key to ice transport mechanisms[C]∥Molnia B F ed. Glacial-marine Sedimentation. New York: Plenum Press, 1983:301-330.
[19]Bischof J F, Darby D A. Mid-to Late Pleistocene ice drift in the Western Arctic Ocean: Evidence for a different circulation in the past[J].Science, 1997, 277: 74-78.
[20]Nørgaard-Pedersen N, Mikkelsen N, Kristoffersen Y. Arctic Ocean record of last two glacial-interglacial cycles off North Greenland/Ellesmere Island—Implications for glacial history[J]. Marine Geology, 2007, 244: 93-108.
[21]Phillips R L, Grantz A. Regional variations in provenance and abundance of ice-rafted clasts in Arctic Ocean sediments: Implications for the configuration of late Quaternary oceanic and atmospheric circulation in the Arctic[J]. Marine Geology,2001, 172: 91-115.
[22]Dyke A S, Andrews J T, Clark P U, et al. The Laurentide and Innuitian ice sheets during the Last Glacial Maximum[J].Quaternary  Science Reviews, 2002, 21: 9-31.
[23]Svendsen J I, Alexanderson H, Astakhov V  I, et al. Late Quaternary ice sheet history of northern Eurasia[J].Quaternary  Science Reviews, 2004, 23: 1 229-1 271.
[24]Yurco L N, Ortiz J D, Polyak L, et al. Clay mineral cycles identifieed by diffuse spectral reflectance in Quaternary sediments from the Northwind Ridge: Implications for glacial-interglacial sedimentation patterns in the Arctic Ocean[J].Polar Research, 2010, 29: 176-197.
[25]Knies J, Kleiber H P, Matthiessen J, et al. Marine ice-rafted debris records constrain maximum extent of Saalian and Weichselian ice sheets along the northern Eurasian margin[J].Global and Planetary Change, 2001, 31: 45-64.
[26]Darby D A, Ortiz J, Polyak L, et al. The role of currents and sea ice in both slowly deposited central Arctic and rapidly deposited Chukchi-Alaskan margin sediments[J].Global and Planetary Change, 2009, 68: 58-72.
[27]Polyak L, Jakobsson M. Quaternary sedimentation in the Arctic Ocean: Recent advances and further challenges[J].Oceanography,2011, 24(3):52-64.

[1] 林春明, 张霞, 徐振宇, 邓程文, 殷勇, 承秋泉. 长江三角洲晚第四纪地层沉积特征与生物气成藏条件分析[J]. 地球科学进展, 2015, 30(5): 589-601.
[2] 曲长伟,张 霞,林春明,陈顺勇,李艳丽,潘峰,姚玉来. 杭州湾地区晚第四纪浅层生物气藏盖层物性封闭特征[J]. 地球科学进展, 2013, 28(2): 209-220.
[3] 贺子丁,刘志飞,李建如,谢昕. 南海西部54万年以来元素地球化学记录及其反映的古环境演变[J]. 地球科学进展, 2012, 27(3): 327-336.
[4] 蒲阳,张虎才,雷国良,常凤琴,杨明生,庞有智. 西北地区晚第四纪沉积地层一元正脂肪酸酰胺分布特征及古气候意义[J]. 地球科学进展, 2010, 25(5): 533-542.
[5] 高抒. 长江三角洲对流域输沙变化的响应:进展与问题[J]. 地球科学进展, 2010, 25(3): 233-241.
[6] 王汝建,肖文申,成鑫荣,陈建芳,高爱国,韩贻兵,李秀珠. 北冰洋西部晚第四纪浮游有孔虫氧碳同位素记录的海冰形成速率[J]. 地球科学进展, 2009, 24(6): 643-651.
[7] 范德江,杨作升,郭志刚. 中国陆架 210Pb测年应用现状与思考[J]. 地球科学进展, 2000, 15(3): 297-302.
阅读次数
全文


摘要