珠峰北坡地区近地层大气湍流与地气能量交换特征

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2006.12.1293

地球科学进展 ›› 2006, Vol. 21 ›› Issue (12): 1293 -1303. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2006.12.1293

所属专题：青藏高原研究——青藏科考虚拟专刊；

珠峰北坡地区近地层大气湍流与地气能量交换特征

仲雷 ^1,2,3,马耀明 ^1,4,苏中波 ⁵,刘新 ¹,李茂善 ^3,4,马伟强 ^3,4,王永杰 ^1,3

1.中国科学院青藏高原研究所，北京 100085；2. 中国气象局成都高原气象研究所高原气象开放实验室，四川成都 610071；3.中国科学院研究生院，北京 100039；4.中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所，甘肃兰州 730000；5.International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation，Enschede 7500，the Netherlands

收稿日期:2006-10-11 修回日期:2006-10-24 出版日期:2006-12-15
通讯作者: 马耀明（1964-），男，山西夏县人，研究员，博导，主要从事陆面过程和遥感应用研究. E-mail:ymma@itpcas.ac.cn
基金资助:
中国科学院知识创新工程项目“青藏高原全新世以来的环境变化与生态系统关系研究”(编号：KZCX3-SW-339)；科技部社会公益研究专项“珠穆朗玛峰地区对全球变化的响应”（编号：2005DIA3J106）；中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目“喜马拉雅山北坡地区地面大气与对流层大气交换研究”(编号：KZCX3-SW-231)；国家自然科学基金项目“西藏高原能量水循环降雨共同观测研究”(编号：40520140126)资助.

Atmospheric Turbulence and Land-Atmosphere Energy Transfer Characteristics in the Surface Layer of the Northern Slope of Mt. Qomolangma Area

Zhong Lei ^1,2,3,Ma Yaoming ^1,4,Su Zhongbo ⁵,Liu Xin ¹,Li Maoshan ^3,4,Ma Weiqiang ^3,4,Wang Yongjie ^1,3

1.Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;2. Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China; 3.Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; 4.International Institute for Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation, Enschede 7500, The Netherlands

Received:2006-10-11 Revised:2006-10-24 Online:2006-12-15 Published:2006-12-15

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利用珠峰北坡曲宗地区连续一年的大气观测资料（2005年4月至2006年3月），分析了珠峰北坡地区近地层大气湍流宏观统计特征和西南季风爆发前后地气能量交换特征。研究表明在珠峰北坡地区Monin-Obukhov相似定律同样适用。拟合得到了珠峰北坡曲宗地区近地层无因次风速分量方差以及温度和湿度归一化标准差和静力学稳定度的函数关系。研究得出曲宗地区能量平衡各分量（净辐射通量、感热通量、潜热通量和土壤热通量）以及地面加热场具有明显的季节变化和日变化规律。尤其是在西南季风的影响下，曲宗地区感热通量和潜热通量在季风爆发前后具有明显相反的变化趋势。其它特征参数（波文比和地表反射率）在西南季风爆发前后的变化规律也十分明显。

关键词: 近地层, 大气湍流, 能量通量, 珠峰, 曲宗

Based on the turbulent data collected at Quzong site, on the northern slope of Mt. Qomolangma, from April 2005 to March 2006, macro-scale turbulent statistical characteristics and land-atmosphere energy transfer before and after the onset of southwest monsoon were acquired by the eddy correlation method. It was found that Monin-Obukhov similarity theory is applicable for Mt. Qomolangma area. The relationship between normalized wind speed standard deviation and atmospheric stability, variances of normalized temperature and humidity standard deviation with atmospheric stability were simulated in the study. It was also found that energy balance components (net radiation flux, sensible heat flux, latent heat flux and soil heat flux) and surface heating filed had evident diurnal and seasonal changes. Especially under the influence of southwest monsoon, the sensible heat flux and latent heat flux in Quzong area have evident opposite changing trends. The variation characteristics of other surface parameters (surface reflectance and Bowen ratio) is very clear before and after the breakout of southwest monsoon.

Key words: Quzong., Surface layer, Atmospheric turbulence, Energy flux, Mt. Qomolangma(Everest)

中图分类号:

P425.2

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