To better understand the application process for researchers and improve the quality of proposals and final reports of funded projects, this study analyzed the processes of application, review, and funding of proposals in the fourth division of the Earth Science Department (that is, the Ocean and Polar Science Division). Further, this study sorted problems during the proposal acceptance and external review process and summarized the performance of funded projects finalized in 2021. Compared to 2021, five more institutions submitted the General Program, Youth Science Fund, and Less Developed Regions Fund proposals to the Ocean and Polar Science Division. The application numbers for all the three types of funding rose by 13.8%, 10.4%, and 10.6%, respectively, wherein subcodes D0611 (Ocean Engineering and Environmental Responding ) and D0613 (Oceanic Energy and Resource) had the highest increase rate. The number of applications belonging to the original innovation and interdisciplinary categories increased; however, their ratio decreased slightly. The final reports of funded projects finalized in 2021 had such issues as insufficient summarization and a low acknowledgment ratio for the funding.