显生宙一级层序的银河年旋回响应：重要的进展与争论

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2020.028

与一级海平面旋回相对应的层序被称为一级层序，一级层序与银河年旋回很可能存在内在联系，即银河年旋回在宏观上控制着一级层序。而显生宙期间所发生的诸如大气圈二氧化碳（CO₂）浓度变化、相应的温室—冰室气候更替、全球海平面升降、水圈中“方解石海”与“文石海”交替出现、古地磁磁极倒转等超事件都具有良好的旋回性，且在成因上具有较为明显的相关性，很可能受控于银河年旋回与各个超事件之间复杂的成因联系。多年来的研究表明太阳系在绕银心运动时，重力加速度（G值）随之改变，太阳系因此发生膨胀（或收缩），太阳系的成员——地球,形成位能的变化，并吸收（或释放）热量；同时由于G值的改变，重力分异作用也因此改变，导致地幔的膨胀与地核的收缩，当能量积攒到一定程度时就会启动超级地幔柱，进而影响地球上的板块格局。显生宙发生的这些超事件所展示出的周期性变化在近年来引起了广泛的关注与探讨，关注这些富有智慧的认识和存在的问题，将为今后的深入研究提供重要的思考过程与研究线索。

关键词: 一级层序, 银河年旋回, 显生宙, 超事件

The sequence which corresponds to the first-order sea-level cycle is called the first-order sequence, and the first-order sequence may have an internal relationship with the galactic year cycle, in other words, the galactic year cycle may control the first-order sequence macroscopically. The superevents in the Phanerozoic, such as the concentration change of atmospheric gas carbon dioxide, the alternation of "calcite sea" and "aragonite sea" in the hydrosphere, and the reversal of magnetic poles, are cyclical. They have obvious correlation in genesis, and they are likely to be controlled by the complicated genetic relationship between galactic annual cycles and various superevents. Over the years, researches have shown that when the solar system moves around the galactic center, the acceleration of gravity (value of G) changes accordingly, and the solar system expands (or shrinks). The Earth, a member of the solar system, forms a change in potential energy and absorbs (or releases) heat. At the same time, the gravitational differentiation changes as a result of the value of G change, which leads to the expansion of the mantle and the contraction of the core; when the energy accumulates to a certain degree, the superplume will be activated, which will affect the plate pattern on the earth. In recent years, the periodic changes of these superevents in Phanerozoic have attracted extensive attention and discussion. Paying attention to these wise understandings and existing problems will provide important thinking process and research clues for in-depth research.

Key words: First-order sequence, Galactic year cycle, Phanerozoic, Superevent.

中图分类号:

P539.2

图1 显生宙期间一级海平面变化所展现出的旋回性（据参考文献[ 3 ]修改）
1表示显生宙第1个一级海平面变化旋回，2表示显生宙第2个一级海平面变化旋回

Fig.1 Cyclicity of first-order sea level changes in the Phanerozoic (modified after reference [ 3 ])
1 represent the first first-order sea level change cycle during Phanerozoic， 2 represent the second first-order sea level change cycle during Phanerozoic

图2 发生在显生宙期间的多个旋回性超事件（据参考文献[ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]修改）
(a)地磁正极性所占百分比；(b)大气圈O ₂浓度；(c)CO ₂浓度；(d)北美火山活动曲线；A:方解石海；B:文石海；C:尚不确定

Fig. 2 Several cyclic superevents occurring in the Phanerozoic (modified after references [33~37])
(a)Percentage of positive geomagnetic polarity; (b)Atmosphere O ₂ concentration; (c)CO ₂ partial pressure; (d)North American volcanic activity curve. A:Calcite sea；B:Aragonite sea；C:Unknown

图3 显生宙多个海洋组分所展示的旋回性（据参考文献[36,52~56]修改）
(a)Mg/Ca值变化；(b)SO

4 2 -

浓度变化；A:Hardie模型；B:Wilkinson-Algeo模型

Fig.3 Cyclicity of multiple ocean components during Phanerozoic (modified after references [36,52~56])
(a)Mg/Ca change; (b) SO

4 2 -

concentration change; A: Hardie method; B: Wilkinson-algeo method

图3 显生宙多个海洋组分所展示的旋回性（据参考文献[36,52~56]修改）
(a)Mg/Ca值变化；(b)SO

4 2 -

浓度变化；A:Hardie模型；B:Wilkinson-Algeo模型

Fig.3 Cyclicity of multiple ocean components during Phanerozoic (modified after references [36,52~56])
(a)Mg/Ca change; (b) SO

4 2 -

concentration change; A: Hardie method; B: Wilkinson-algeo method

图4 近3 000 Ma以来大气圈O₂与CO₂浓度变化（据参考文献[ 34 , 49 , 74 ]修改）
(a)O ₂浓度变化；(b)CO ₂浓度变化

Fig. 4 Changes of O₂ and CO₂ concentration in the atmosphere since nearly 3 000 Ma (modified after references [34,49,74])
(a) O ₂ concentration change; (b) CO ₂ concentration change

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Response of First-Order Sequence to the Galactic Year Cycle in the Phanerozoic: An Important Progress and Topic