地球科学进展

地球科学进展 ›› 2019, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (12): 1252 -1261. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2019.12.1252

所属专题： 深海科学研究专刊；

深水珊瑚研究进展 上一篇    下一篇

冷水珊瑚氧、碳同位素—古水温重建与钙化机制
孔乐( ),黄恩清( ),田军   
  1. 同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室，上海 200092
  • 收稿日期:2019-10-20 修回日期:2019-11-30 出版日期:2019-12-10
  • 通讯作者: 黄恩清 E-mail:kongleet@163.com;ehuang@tongji.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    同济大学海洋地质国家重点实验室自主项目(MG20190101);国家自然科学基金杰出青年科学基金项目“古海洋”(41525020)

Oxygen and Carbon Isotopes of Cold-water Corals— Reconstructing Paleotemperature Changes and Calcification Mechanism

Le Kong( ),Enqing Huang( ),Jun Tian   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Geology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
  • Received:2019-10-20 Revised:2019-11-30 Online:2019-12-10 Published:2020-02-12
  • Contact: Enqing Huang E-mail:kongleet@163.com;ehuang@tongji.edu.cn
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冷水珊瑚是开展中—深层海水高分辨率古海洋学研究的理想载体。不同于浅水珊瑚，冷水珊瑚受到生命效应的强烈影响，其δ18O亏损4‰~6‰，δ13C亏损约10‰,因此利用冷水珊瑚氧、碳同位素恢复古水温时需要校正。综述了利用冷水珊瑚氧、碳同位素重建中—深层海水古温度的原理和方法，以及现有的3种冷水珊瑚钙化模型及优缺点。提出需要进行进一步的微区分析及针对性实验来阐明冷水珊瑚的钙化过程。

关键词: 冷水珊瑚, 生命效应, 中深层水温度, 钙化模型

Cold-water corals represent an intriguing paleoceanographic archive with a great potential to reconstruct high-resolution paleoenvironmental changes. Compared to those of shallow-water corals, proxies derived from cold-water corals have been complicated by biologically mediated vital effects. The oxygen and carbon stable isotope compositions of cold-water coral skeletons are more depleted than the expected carbonate-seawater equilibrium values by 4‰~6‰ and about 10‰, respectively. Therefore, it is necessary to correct for the vital effects before using δ18O as a temperature proxy. The principles and methods of reconstructing paleotemperature variations of intermediate and deep oceans using oxygen and carbon isotopes of cold-water corals are reviewed, as well as three existing cold-water coral calcification models and their advantages and disadvantages. It is suggested that further micro-scales analysis and targeted experiments are required to clarify the calcification processes of cold-water corals.

Key words: Cold-water corals, Vital effects, Paleotemperatures of intermediate/deep ocean, Calcifying models

中图分类号: 

图1 竹节柳珊瑚氧、碳同位素关系图[ 14 , 15 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]
δ 18O 冷水珊瑚-δ 18O 海水、δ 13C 冷水珊瑚-δ 13C 海水代表珊瑚氧、碳同位素与海水同位素的差值,橘黄色虚线表示δ 13C 冷水珊瑚-δ 13C 海水=0时的δ 18O轴
Fig.1 δ13C versus δ18O in bamboo corals[ 14 , 15 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 ]
δ 18O cold-water coral-δ 18O seawater，δ 13C cold-water cora-δ 13C seawater: δ 18O and δ 13C values are adjusted for local δ 18O seawater and δ 13C seawater values； The orange dashed line indicates δ 18O axis at δ 13C cold-water coral -δ 13C seawater=0
图2 δ18O截距值与温度之间的拟合关系[ 13 , 14 , 15 ]
(a)石珊瑚δ 18O与温度间的拟合关系；(b)竹节柳珊瑚δ 18O与温度间的拟合关系
Fig.2 δ18O-temperature regressions from cold-water corals with 95% confidence intervals[ 13 , 14 , 15 ]
(a) δ 18O-temperature regression for scleractinian corals；(b) δ 18O-temperature regression for bamboo corals
表1 同位素随机分布时 CO3和 CO2各同位素体的丰度 [ 37 ]
Table 1 Abundances of isotopologues of CO3 andCO2, assuming a stochastic distribution of isotopes [ 37 ]

CO3同

位素体

 质量数 丰度

CO2同

位素体

 质量数 丰度
12C16O16O16O 60 98.2% 12C16O16O 44 98.4%
13C16O16O16O 61 1.1% 13C16O16O 45 1.1%
12C17O16O16O 61 0.11% 12C17O16O 45 730×10-6
12C18O16O16O 62 0.6% 12C18O16O 46 0.4%
13C17O16O16O 62 12×10-6 13C17O16O 46 8.19×10-6
12C17O17O16O 62 405×10-9 12C17O17O 46 135×10-9
13C18O16O16O 63 67×10-6 13C18O16O 47 45×10-6
12C17O18O16O 63 4.4×10-6 12C17O18O 47 1.5×10-6
13C17O17O16O 63 4.54×10-9 13C17O17O 47 1.5×10-9
12C17O17O17O 63 50×10-12 12C18O18O 48 4.1×10-6
12C18O18O16O 64 12×10-6 13C17O18O 48 16.7×10-9
13C17O18O16O 64 50×10-9 13C18O18O 49 46×10-9
12C17O17O18O 64 828×10-12
13C17O17O17O 64 0.5×10-12
13C18O18O16O 65 138×10-9
12C17O18O18O 65 4.5×10-9
13C17O17O18O 65 9×10-12
12C18O18O18O 66 8×10-9
13C17O18O18O 66 51×10-12
13C18O18O18O 67 94×10-12
图3 pH驱动冷水珊瑚钙化模型示意图[ 17 , 18 ]
骨骼与细胞膜之间存在钙化空间，碳酸钙在胞外钙化液中生成
Fig.3 pH model schematic diagram of cold-water coral calcifying processes[ 17 , 18 ]
There is a calcification space between coral skeletons and the cell membrane, and calcium carbonate is generated
in the Extracytoplasmic Calcifying Fluid (ECF)
图4 冷水珊瑚动力学分馏模型示意图[ 9 ]
Fig.4 Kinetic fractionation model of cold-water coral calcification[ 9 ]
图5 冷水珊瑚无定形碳酸钙模型示意图[ 20 ]
EMZ表示“早期钙化区”; ACC表示“无定形碳酸钙”
Fig.5 ACC model of cold-water coral calcification[ 20 ]
EMZ: Early Mineralization Zone; ACC: Amorphous Calcium Carbonates
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