生长断层活动强度定量研究的主要方法评述

doi:10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2012.09.0947

地球科学进展 ›› 2012, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (9): 947 -956. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2012.09.0947

生长断层活动强度定量研究的主要方法评述

雷宝华

1.国土资源部海洋油气资源与环境地质重点实验室，山东青岛 266071；2.青岛海洋地质研究所，山东青岛 266071

收稿日期:2012-04-02 修回日期:2012-07-23 出版日期:2012-09-10
通讯作者: 雷宝华（1984-），男，湖北武汉人，研究实习员，主要从事石油构造分析和天然气水合物成藏研究.E-mail:manoil@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目“千里岩隆起的构造形态及其地质意义”（编号：41106060）资助.

Review of Methods with Quantitative Studies of Activity Intensity of the Growth Fault

Lei Baohua

1.Key Laboratory of Marine Hydrocarbon Resources and Environmental Geology, Ministry of Land and Resources, Qingdao 266071, China;2.Qingdao Institute of Marine Geology, Qingdao 266071, China

Received:2012-04-02 Revised:2012-07-23 Online:2012-09-10 Published:2012-09-10

下载PDF ( 1634 )

目前，定量研究生长断层活动强度的主要方法有生长指数法、古落差法、断层活动速率法、（古）滑距法和断层位移—长度关系分析法等。在前人研究的基础上，对这些方法进行系统的补充和总结。从不同方法的提出、判别、前提假设、优缺点和关系对比等方面，进行介绍和评述。并通过实例分析，用生长指数法、古落差法、断层活动速率法和断层位移—长度关系分析法计算大张坨断层的活动强度，指出不同方法的优缺点。最后对生长断层活动定量研究方法的发展趋势进行了预测，认为生长断层活动定量研究向精度不断提高、多种方法综合运用、对断层活动演化研究更全面、揭示更多的地质和油气信息等方面发展。

关键词: 生长断层, 活动强度, 定量研究, 方法对比

At present, the methods with quantitative studies of activity intensity of growth fault include growth index, ancient fault throw, fault activity rate, (ancient) sliding distance and the normal fault displacementlength relationship analysis. On the basis of previous research, this paper complements and summarizes these methods systemically. There methods are introduced and reviewed from the perspectives of proposing and distinguishing, the presuppositions and assumptions, the advantages and disadvantages, the comparison of different methods and their relationships. Through case studies, activity intensity of the Dazhangtuo fault with the methods of growth index, the ancient fault throw, fault activity rate and the normal fault displacementlength relationship analysis are calculated and the advantages and disadvantages of these methods are pointed out. Finally, the development trend of growth fault activity in quantitative research is forecasted. It is believed that the accuracy will be improved continuously, a variety of methods will be used, the evolution of fault will be more comprehensively studied, more geological and petroleum information will be revealed.

Key words: Growth faults, Intensity of activities, Quantitative research, Method of comparison.

中图分类号:

P542.3

[1]Thorsen C E. Age of growth faulting in Southeast Louisiana[J]. Transactions, Gulf Coast Association of Geological Societies,1963, 13: 103-110.

[2]Wang Xiepei, Fei Qi, Zhang Jiahua. Structural Analysis in Petroleum Exploration[M]. Wuhan:China University of Geoscience Press, 1990: 68-78.[王燮培，费琪，张家骅. 石油勘探构造分析[M].武汉：中国地质大学出版社, 1990: 68-78.]

[3]Zhao Yong, Dai Junsheng. Identification of growth fault by fault fall analysis[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2003, 30(3): 13-15.[赵勇，戴俊生. 应用落差分析研究生长断层[J]. 石油勘探与开发,2003, 30(3): 13-15.]

[4]Li Qinying, Luo Fengzhi, Miao Cuizhi. Research on fault activity ratio and its application[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,2000, 7(2): 15-17.[李勤英，罗凤芝，苗翠芝. 断层活动速率研究方法及应用探讨[J]. 断块油气田,2000, 7(2): 15-17.]

[5]Cartwright J A, Trudgill B D, Mansfield C S. Fault growth by segment linkage: An explanation for scatter in maximum displacement and trace length data from the Canyonlands Grabens of SE Utah[J]. Journal of Structural Geology,1995, 17(9): 1 319-1 326.

[6]Willemse E J M, Pollard D D, Aydin A. Three-dimensional analyses of slip distributions on normal fault arrays with consequences for fault scaling[J].Journal of Structural Geology,1996, 18(2/3): 295-309.

[7]Schlische R W, Anders M H. Stratigraphic effects and tectonic implications of the growth of normal faults and extensional basins[J]. Geological Society of America,1996,Special Papers: 183-203.

[8]Willemse E J M. Segmented normal faults: Correspondence between three-dimensional mechanical models and field data[J]. Journal of Geophysical Research,1997, 102(B1): 675-692.

[9]Morley C K. Patterns of displacement along large normal faults: Implications for basin evolution and fault propagation, based on examples from East Africa[J]. AAPG Bulletin,1999, 83(4): 613-634.

[10]Mcleod A E, Dawers N H, Underhill J R. The propagation and linkage of normal faults: Insights from the Strathspey-Brent-Statfjord fault array, northern North Sea[J]. Basin Research,2000, 12(3/4): 263-284.

[11]Zhang Yanlin, Liu Xiaofeng, Guo Xin. Principles and application of high resolution fault throw plot[J]. Fault-Block Oil & Gas Field,2010, 17(2): 181-184.[张焱林，刘晓峰，郭忻. 高分辨率断层落差图的基本原理及其应用[J]. 断块油气田,2010, 17(2): 181-184.]

[12]Lu Yi, Wang Shuxiang, Chen Song, et al. Computing method about intensity of fault activity and its application[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience,2010, 21(4): 612-616.[卢异，王书香，陈松，等. 一种断裂活动强度计算方法及其应用[J]. 天然气地球科学,2010, 21(4): 612-616.]

[13]Zhao Mengwei. Discussion on the growth index of fault[J]. Petroleum Geology & Expeximent,1989, 11(3): 250-254.[赵孟为. 断层生长指数探讨[J]. 石油实验地质,1989, 11(3): 250-254.]

[14]Zhao Mifu, Liu Zerong, Xin Quanlin, et al. Fault activity features and its control over oil of Linnan area in Huimin depression[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2000, 27(6): 9-11.[赵密福，刘泽容，信荃麟，等. 惠民凹陷临南地区断层活动特征及控油作用[J]. 石油勘探与开发,2000, 27(6): 9-11.]

[15]Wu Zhiping, Li Wei, Zheng Deshun, et al. Analysis on Features and Origins of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic Faults in Zhanhua Sag[J]. Geological Journal of China Universities,2004, 10(3): 405-417.[吴智平，李伟，郑德顺，等. 沾化凹陷中、新生代断裂发育及其形成机制分析[J]. 高校地质学报,2004, 10(3): 405-417.]

[16]Chen Gang, Dai Junsheng, Ye Xingshu, et al. A comparison of the fault growth index with fault throw[J]. Journal of Southwest Petroleum University,2007, 29(3): 20-23.[陈刚，戴俊生，叶兴树，等. 生长指数与断层落差的对比研究[J]. 西南石油大学学报,2007, 29(3): 20-23.]

[17]Chen Gang, Jiang Yiping, Zhou Jianxin, et al. Use palaeothrow method to study the fault moving strength of Shalian area[J]. Small Hydrocarbon Reservoirs,2008, 13(2): 7-10.[陈刚，蒋弋平，周建新，等. 用古落差法研究沙埝地区断层活动强度[J]. 小型油气藏,2008, 13(2): 7-10.]

[18]Daniel J Tearpock, Richard E Bischke. Applied Subsurface Geological Mapping[M]. New York: Prentice-Hall, 1991.

[19]Dou Lirong. Boundary fault propagation pattern and its application to the formation of petroleum systems in the Erlian basin[J]. Petroleum Exploration and Development,2000, 27(2): 27-30.[窦立荣. 二连盆地边界断层的生长模型及其对含油气系统形成的控制[J]. 石油勘探与开发,2000, 27(2): 27-30.]

[20]Morley C K, Nelson R A, Patton T L, et al. Transfer zones in the East African rift system and their relevance to hydrocarbon exploration in rifts[J]. AAPG Bulletin,1990, 74(8): 1 234-1 253.

[21]Dong Jin, Zhang Shihong, Jiang Yongbiao. The displacement-length relationship of faults and its significance[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2004, 11(4): 575-584.[董进，张世红，姜勇彪. 正断层位移长度关系及其研究意义[J]. 地学前缘,2004, 11(4): 575-584.]

[22]Zhang Junlong, Meng Qi'an, Zhang Changhou, et al. A quantitative study on the growth of boundary faults of the Xujiaweizi faulting depression in the Songliao Basin[J]. Earth Science Frontiers,2009, 16(4): 87-96.[张军龙，蒙启安，张长厚，等. 松辽盆地徐家围子断陷边界断裂生长过程的定量分析[J]. 地学前缘,2009, 16(4): 87-96.]

[23]Xu Kaili, Zhu Zhicheng. Structural Geology[M]. Beijing: Geological Publishing House, 1984: 125-126.[徐开礼，朱志澄. 构造地质学[M]. 北京: 地质出版社, 1984: 125-126.]

[24]Taylor S K, Nicol A, Walsh J J. Displacement loss on growth faults due to sediment compaction[J]. Journal of Structural Geology,2008, 30(3): 394-405.

[25]Peacock D. Propagation, interaction and linkage in normal fault systems[J]. Earth-Science Reviews,2002, 58(1/2): 121-142.

[26]Peacock D, Sanderson D J. Displacements, segment linkage and relay ramps in normal fault zones[J]. Journal of Structural Geology,1991, 13(6): 721-733.

[27]Ye Xingshu, Wang Weifeng, Dai Junsheng, et al. Characteristics of fault activities of Sha-3 member and Dongying periods in Dongying depression[J]. Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition of Natural Science),2006, 30(4): 7-11.[叶兴树，王伟锋，戴俊生，等. 东营凹陷沙三—东营期断裂活动特征[J]. 中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2006, 30(4): 7-11.]

[28]Yin Xinyi, Ren Jianye, Pei Jianxiang, et al. Quantitative calculation on fault activity and fault propagation mechanism in Qiongdongnan basin, South China Sea[J]. Geological Journal of China Universities,2010, 16(3): 388-396.[尹新义，任建业，裴健翔，等. 琼东南盆地断裂活动性定量计算及其发育演化模式[J]. 高校地质学报,2010, 16(3): 388-396.]

[29]Torabi A, Berg S S. Scaling of fault attributes: A review[J]. Marine and Petroleum Geology,2011, 28(8): 1 444-1 460.

[30]Dawers N H, Anders M H, Scholz C H. Growth of normal faults: Displacement-length scaling[J]. Geology,1993, 21: 1 107-1 110.

[31]Kim Y S, Sanderson D J. The relationship between displacement and length of faults: A review[J]. Earth-Science Reviews,2005, 68(3): 317-334.

[32]Watterson J. Fault dimensions, displacements and growth[J]. Pure and Applied Geophysics,1986, 124(1): 365-373.

[33]Walsh J J, Watterson J. Analysis of the relationship between displacements and dimensions of faults[J]. Journal of Structural Geology,1988, 10(3): 239-247.

[34]Marrett R, Allmendinger R W. Estimates of strain due to brittle faulting: Sampling of fault populations[J].Journal of Structural Geology,1991, 13(6): 735-738.

[35]Cowie P A, Scholz C H. Displacement-length scaling relationship for faults: Data synthesis and discussion[J]. Journal of Structural Geology,1992, 14(10): 1 149-1 156.

[36]Cowie P A, Scholz C H. Physical explanation for the displacement-length relationship of faults using a post-yield fracture mechanics model[J]. Journal of Structural Geology,1992, 14(10): 1 133-1 148.

[37]Wang Bingjie, Ni Jun’e, Fang Du. The analysis of activity of main faults in Qianquan area in Banqiao depression[J]. Xinjiang Oil & Gas，2008,4(1):26-33.[王冰洁，倪军娥，方度. 板桥凹陷钱圈地区主干断层活动性分析[J]. 新疆石油天然气,2008, 4(1): 26-33.]

[1]	牛清河，屈建军，李孝泽，董光荣，张克存，韩庆杰. 雅丹地貌研究评述与展望[J]. 地球科学进展, 2011, 26(5): 516-527.
[2]	张秋文,张培震. 地震中长期预测研究的进展和方向[J]. 地球科学进展, 1999, 14(2): 147-152.

阅读次数

全文

摘要