地球科学进展 ›› 2012, Vol. 27 ›› Issue (5): 539 -548. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2012.05.0539

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海洋次表层叶绿素最大值的特征因子及其影响因素
宫响,史洁,高会旺 *   
  1. 海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室,中国海洋大学,山东青岛266100
  • 收稿日期:2011-09-21 修回日期:2012-02-17 出版日期:2012-05-10
  • 通讯作者: 高会旺(1966-),男,山东菏泽人,博士生导师,主要从事海洋环境动力学、大气对海洋的物质输入及其生态效应等方面的研究. E-mail:hwgao@ouc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    中央高校基本科研业务费(编号:201013031);国家自然科学基金项目“黄海浮游植物生物量年际变化及其影响机制的数值研究”(编号:41106007);国际科技合作项目“西北太平洋近海与大洋生态系统对气候变化的响应”(编号:2010DFA91350)资助.

Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum in Ocean:Its Characteristics and Influencing Factors

Gong Xiang,Shi Jie,Gao Huiwang   

  1. Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao266100, China
  • Received:2011-09-21 Revised:2012-02-17 Online:2012-05-10 Published:2012-05-10

在多数情况下,海水中叶绿素垂直分布是不均匀的。次表层叶绿素最大值是其中较为常见的一种形式,普遍存在于大洋及沿岸海域。次表层叶绿素最大值层(SCML)的深度、厚度与强度是表征海洋次表层叶绿素最大值(SCM)现象的主要特征因子,受海洋水文环境、营养盐分布以及浮游植物种类等因素共同影响,在不同季节不同海区的分布有较大差异。总体上,相对近海,大洋中SCML特征因子的季节变化较小,SCML深度较大,厚度较大,强度较小。寡营养盐海区SCML深度及强度的影响因素研究已有较明确结论,SCML深度主要受物理因素(光照条件及水体混合程度)影响,而强度则受物理、生物因素(光照条件、水体混合程度或浮游动物摄食等)共同影响。近海富营养盐海区,SCML特征因子的影响因素研究较为薄弱。长时间序列、高分辨率观测站在相应海区的建立,对推进海洋SCM,尤其是近海SCM的研究有重要意义。卫星观测、现场观测和数学模型相结合,定量研究SCML特征因子与各物理、生物、化学因子的普适性关系,是进一步研究SCML特征因子的重要方向之一。

The vertical distribution of marine phytoplankton is complicated. However, a bell-shape vertical profile of phytoplankton in mass concentration is frequently observed in coastal seas and open oceans. The corresponding Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum Layers (SCML) have caused a very high scientific interest and have been studied well. SCM can be characterized by three parameters, i.e., depth, thickness and intensity of the SCML. However, challenges still exist on how to best characterize the three parameters. They are determined by marine hydrology, nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton species, etc. A few studies have been conducted to explore variability of three parameters among different oceans. In general, compared with coastal seas,seasonal variation of the three parameters in open oceans is insignificant. It is also indicated that the three parameters are deeper,thicker and smaller in open oceans than coastal seas. In oligotrophic ocean, the depth of SCML was mainly a function of light and turbulent diffusion. Its intensity was determined by light, turbulent diffusion and biogenic processes associated with zooplankton grazing. However, the quantitative relationship between these biogenic processes and the three parameters are not well established. For example, how the sinking rate of phytoplankton, physiological adaptation capabilities, motility, trophic interactions affect them are poorly understood, and further investigations are needed. This review also finds  that the SCML study in coastal seas is rare, which could be due to the lack of a long-term and high-timeresolution observation in those areas. By use of satallite data, in situ data and physical-biological models, it might be useful for further  understanding SCM furtherly. 

中图分类号: 

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