地球科学进展 ›› 2004, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (4): 636 -641. doi: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2004.04.0636

综述与评述 上一篇    下一篇

美国矿床环境研究动态及建议
汪明启 1;任 萍 1;严光生 2   
  1. 1.中国地质大学,北京 100083;2. 中国地质调查局发展研究中心,北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2003-02-19 修回日期:2003-08-26 出版日期:2004-08-01
  • 通讯作者: 作者简介:汪明启(1958-),男,安徽省潜山县人,高级工程师,主要从事勘查和环境地球化学研究. E-mail:E-mail: mingqi@cugb.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:

    中国地质调查局基金项目“矿床环境模型及评价指标研究”(编号:20021000002)资助

THE UPDATES ON GEOENVIRONMENTAL STUDY OF MINERAL DEPOSITS IN THE UNITE STATES AND PROPOED STRATEGY FOR CHINA

WANG Ming-qi 1; REN Ping 1;YAN Guang-sheng 2   

  1. 1.China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083,China; 2. Development Research Center of China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
  • Received:2003-02-19 Revised:2003-08-26 Online:2004-08-01 Published:2004-08-01

通过收集美国地质调查局近几年公开出版物及其网站上发布的资料,总结了美国在环境矿床学研究方面的最新成果,内容涉及32种矿床的地质—环境模型、矿床的环境地球化学背景或基准值、流域性矿床—环境综合研究和特殊矿床的环境效应等方面。结合美国的研究成果和我国国情,建议我国地质调查局现阶段在该领域研究首先集中在矿床的地质—环境模型和用于战略性资源评价中的矿床环境评价指标等战略性研究上。

The data from the US Geological Survey's official Web site: www.usgs.com and some publications in recent years were collected and uptodate results from the study of geoenvironment of mineral deposits was summarized. The USGS recent studies were mainly focused on the geoenvironmental models of mineral deposits (32 different types of deposits including volcanicassociated massive sulfide deposits, Sedex, porphyry Cu, Carlintype Au and Mississippivalley type PbZn), geochemical background and baseline of mineral deposits and mines, comprehensive study on watershed environmental characterization of mineral deposits, specific study of environmental effects in particular mineral deposits. USGS intensive research on the geoenvironment of mineral resources gives the traditional geologists in China a good example of how to survive the hardship because of thrinking mine industry in highly competitive academic world. Based on the studies of USGS and China's current situation, the authors suggest that it would be highly recommendable for China Geological Survey to initiate the likelihood study of geoenvironment models of mineral deposits and environmental assessment indexes of strategic mineral deposits using the data from mineral resource survey and exploration as soon as possible. 

中图分类号: 

[1]du Bray E A ed. Preliminary Descriptive Geoenvironmental Models of Mineral Deposits[R]. US Geological Survey Open-File Report,1995.95-231,272.
[2]Cox D P, Singer D A. Mineral deposit models[J]. US Geological Survey Bulletin,1986,1693:279.
[3] USGS Central Region Mineral Resources Team. Background and baseline[EB/OL]. http://minerals.cr.usgs.gov/projectpages/07bkgrndsbslns.html,2001-10-01.
[4] USGS Eastern Mineral Resources Team. Geochemical Background and Baselines, Northern Wisconsin[EB/OL]. http://minerals.usgs.gov/east/baselines/index.html,2000-06-02.
[5]Posey H H, Michel R L, Thurman E M, et al. Summitville Forum Proceedings[J]. Colorado Geological Survey Special Publication,1993,38:375.
[6]Miller G C, Lyons W B. Calculations of geochemical baselines of stream waters in the vicinity of Summitville, Coloradom before historic underground mining and prior to recent open-pit mining[A]:In Filipek L H, plumlee G S, eds, The Environmental Geochemistry of Mineral Deposits, Part B: Case Studies and Research Topics[C]. Society of Economic Geologists, Reviews in Economic Geology,1999,6B: 504-514.
[7]USGS MDIG. Mine Drainage Interest Group. US. Geological Survey website[EB/OL].http://mine-drainage.usgs.gov/mine/,2002-05-01.
[8]Nash J T. Hydrogeochemical Data for Historic Mining Areas, Humboldt Watershed and Adjacent Areas, Northern Nevada[R]. US Geological Survey Open-File Report 000459,2000.
[9]Nash J T. Hydrogeochemical Investigations of Some Historic Mining Areas in the Western Flumboldt River Basin, Nevada[R]. US Geological Survey Digital Data Series, Report: DDS0070,2001.
[10]Hammarstrom J M, Eppinger R G, Van Gosen, et al. Case Study of the environmental signature of a recently abandoned, carbonate-hosted replacement deposit: The Clayton Mine, Idaho: US Geological Survey Open-File Report 02-010[EB/OL]. http://pubs.gov/openfile/of0-010/,2002.
[11]Van Gosen B S, Eppinger R G, Flammarstrom JM, et al. Analytical Data for Reconnaissance Geochemical Samples from Mine Dumps, Stream Sediments, and Waters at the Thompson Creek Tungsten Mine, Custer County, Idaho: US. Geological Survey Open-File Report 00-0239[EB/OL]. http://geology.cr.usgs.gov/pub/open-file-reports /ofr-00-0239/,2000-08.
[12]Eppinger R G, Briggs P H, Brown Z A, et al. Baseline geochemical data for stream sediment and surface water samples from Panther Creek, the Middle Fork of the Salmon River, and the Main Salmon River from North Fork to Corn Creek, collected prior to the severe wildfires of 2000 in central Idaho: US Geological Survey Open-File Report 01-0161[EB/OL]. http://pubs.usgs.gov/openfile/of01-0161/,2000.
[13]Goldhaber M B, Bigelow R C, Hatch J R, et al. Distribution of a suite of elements including arsenic and mercury in Alabama coal: US Geological Survey Miscellaneous Field Studies Map MF-2333[EB/OL]. http:// geology.cr.usgs.gov/pub/mf-maps/mf-2333/,2000.
[14]Mueller S, Goldfarb R J, Verplanck PGroundwater Studies in Fairbanks, Alaska—A Better Understanding of Some of the United States Highest Natural Arsenic Concentrations[R]. US Geological Survey Fact Sheet FS-III-OI,2001.
[15]Ayuso R, Foley N, Ayotte J, et al. Pb isotopes, arsenic sources and enrichment pathways linking sulfides from mines and unmineralized rocks to secondary iron oxides, coastal New England: Arsenic in New England[A]. In: A Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference[C]. Manchester, New Hampshire,2002.
[16]Foley N, Ayuso R, Ayotte J, et al.Mineralogical pathways for arsenic in weathering metashales: An analysis of regional and site studies in the Northern Appalachians: Arsenic in New England[A]. In: A Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference[C]. Manchester,New Hampshire,2002. 
[17]Bailey E A, Gray J E, Theodorakos P M.  Mercury in vegetation and soils at abandoned mercury mines in southwestern Alaska, USA[J]. Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, and Analysis,2002,(2):275-286.
[18]Gray J E, Theodorakos P M, Bailey E A, et al. Distribution, speciation, and transport of mercury in stream sediment, stream water, and fish collected near abandoned mercury mines in southwestern Alaska, USA[J]. Science of the Total Environment,2000,260:21-33.
[19]Gray J E, Bustos D M, Greaves I A, et al. Evaluation of mercury contamination at the Palawan Quicksilver Mine, Palawan, Philippines[A]. In: 6th International Conference on Mercury as a Global Pollutant[C]. Minamata, Japan, 2001.
[20]Gray J E, Weaver J N, Labson V F. Mercury contamination from small-scale artisanal gold mines in the Brownsweg area, Suriname[A]. In: US Environmental Protection Agency Hardrock Mining Conference[C].2002.

[1] 王奖臻,李朝阳,胡瑞忠. 斑岩铜矿研究的若干进展[J]. 地球科学进展, 2001, 16(4): 514-519.
阅读次数
全文


摘要