根据地磁场的高斯理论和地磁场的球谐模型，计葬出中国及其邻近地区地磁场的水平样度(南北方向和东西方向)，绘制出地磁场各个要素水平梯度等值线图，并分析了水平梯度的分布规律。
    地磁场总强度(F)，水平强度(H)和垂直强度((Z)的水平梯度，主要随纬度变化，与经度关系不大。磁偏角(D)的水平祥度不仅随纬度变化，而且随经度变化。在东亚大陆磁异常中心地区，地磁水平强度的水平梯度值最大(绝对值);在我国的中心地区，地磁总强度的水平梯度值最大。

 In this paper，based on the Gauss theory of geomagnetism and the spherical harmonic mi}del of the geomagnetic field，the horizontal gradients of the geomagnetic field in north一south and west-;east dlrections were calculated in Chinese and"its surrounding regions, the contour maps of the horizontal gradients of the geomagnetic components were constracted，and its regularities of distributions were analysed.
    The horizontal gradients of the total intensity (F)，horizontal intensity (H) and vertical intensity (Z ) vary mainly with lat<aude，it won't make much difference to vary with longitude. The horizontalgradient of the declination (D) varies not only with latitude，but also with longitude. There was maximum (absolute value) of the horizontal gradients of the horizontal intensity (H) -in the central regionof the East-Asian magnetic anomaly, and there was maximum of the horizontal gradients of the total intensity  (F) in the central region of China.  These phenomena merit attention.