Discovery of new facts and application of new technology must initiate a new theory and promote a great development in the discipline. The development history of atmospheric science also advanced along such a way. In recent decades, a mass data of observations were gathered from the large-scale and four-dimensional observations and field experiments for the atmosphere, oceans, biosphere and cryosphere. Meanwhile, many various research projects for regional and international scopes were organized and carried out. Thoughtfully analysis and investigation on observational data must discover many new evidence and new phenomena. That is the sound base for the coming overflying development of atmospheric science. Prospecting the progress of atmospheric science in the coming 10~20 years, it is expected affirmatively that there will be great breakthroughs in many aspects. New evidence and new phenomena would hasten new theory on atmospheric science. Deep understanding of the processes in climate system and development of huge computers would lead to appearance of new climate-environmental model, which is a comprehensive simulator including both physical, chemical and biological processes in the earth system and social-economic activities. The understanding of the evolution and mechanism of abrupt climate change that exert strong impact on human being environment would go forward a large step and may discover certain thresholds and pre-signals of abrupt climate change. The stability of climate change, occurrence of climatic extremes and the range of sea level rising would be given a relatively accurate answer. The skill of climate prediction would be improved substantively.