The fifth division (Atmospheric Discipline) of the Department of Earth Sciences, the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC), successfully completed the application, review, funding, and conclusion of the General Program, Young Scientists Fund, and Less Developed Regions Fund in 2022. In terms of program applications, the fifth division of the Department of Earth Sciences received 1817 applications for the above three types of Programs in 2022, with an increase of 5.9%, compared to 2021. Among them, 11 applications were rejected because they failed to conform to the management specifications. In terms of project review, the comprehensive score was slightly higher for 2022 than that for 2021. The review expert group supported original and cross-research as well as technology research and development. The number of funding in 2022 relative to 2021 rose by 7.0% for the above three types of Programs and 11.9% for the Youth Science Fund. As for the finalization, 314 projects were concluded in 2021, and indices such as published papers were equivalent to those in the previous years. In 2022, the atmospheric discipline was included in the “Responsibility, Credibility, Contribution (RCC)” evaluation mechanism as a reformed pilot discipline. In 2022, 81.8% of the experts believed that RCC mechanism could improve the fairness of the expert evaluation, and the applicants believed that 87.9% of the evaluation opinions are helpful.