The Characteristic of Deep Sea Hydrothermal Ecosystem and Their Impact on the Extreme Microorganism
First author: Zhang Liang (1985-), male, Qufu City, Shandong Province, Assistant Professor. Research areas include seafloor hydrothermal activity.E-mail:zhangliang@qdio.ac.cn
Received date: 2017-01-23
Revised date: 2017-04-17
Online published: 2017-07-20
Supported by
*Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China “Tectonic differences and control factors of hydrothermal fields in the central northern and southern section of Okinawa Trough” (No.41406065);The National Key Basic Research Program of China “Hydrothermal activity and ore-forming mechanism in typical back-arc basins” (No.2013CB429700)
Copyright
Deep-sea is one of the most important extreme environments on the earth. Numerous and diverse extremophiles thrive in this extreme environment, presenting distinctive physiological structure, metabolic mechanism and symbiosis relations, which provide new methods to study the origin of life and extraterrestrial life. Despite extensive studies on deep-sea extremophiles from the point of view of biology, the impacts of deep-sea hydrothermal activity on the evolution of extremophiles remain largely unknown. On the basis of summarizing features of the deep-sea ziphysicochemical and geological environment, the distribution and formation mechanism of submarine hydrothermal vents were analyzed, respectively. Hydrothermal vents have great effect on the distribution and succession of communities. Our discussion focused on the extreme life forms of microorganisms surviving in the hydrothermal ecosystem and their important significance for the nutrient cycling and ecosystem evolution. However, the research of life processes in extreme environments is still in the primary stage and more work is needed on the in-situ detection technique, molecular biology and interdisciplinary research.
Key words： Deep-sea; Extreme environment; Extremophiles; Hydrothermal vents.
Liang Zhang , Yunshan Qin . The Characteristic of Deep Sea Hydrothermal Ecosystem and Their Impact on the Extreme Microorganism[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2017 , 32(7) : 696 -706 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2017.07.0696
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