Received date: 1997-07-02
Revised date: 1997-11-03
Online published: 1998-08-01
Riverine carbon, which stems from continental erosions, represents an important link in the global carbon cycle. It is small in quantity compare with other links of the global carbon cycle, however, it deserves especial investigation for its close connection with land ecosystem. The total carbon transported to ocean by rivers is about 1 Gt every year, 60% of which is inorganic carbon, and 40% of which is organic one. Dissolved and particulate organic carbon (DOC and POC, respectively) come from the chemical and mechanical erosion of the soil. On the other hand, the phytoplankton is another source of a small part of organic carbon. Dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) is the result of the dissolution of at mospheric carbon dioxide and carbonate. Undissolved carbonate composes of particulate inorganic carbon (PIC). The rivers in monsoonal Asia make the greatest contribution to the global riverine carbon flux for the most intense erosion in those areas. How ever, the investigation of the riverine carbon flux in monsoonal Asia is not being penetrated enough. The research of riverine carbon flux would provided scientific basis for the soil and water conservation, and it is also a new way to probe the ant hropogenic carbon dioxide missing sink.
Gao Quanzhou，Shen Chengde . RIVERINE CARBON FLUX AND CONTINENTAL EROSION[J]. Advances in Earth Science, 1998 , 13(4) : 369 -375 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.1998.04.0369
[1] Desjardins R L, Rochette P, Pattey E, et al. Quantifying the greenhouse gas fluxes in the terrestrial biosphere using micrometeorological techniques. In: Proceeding of the Tsukuba Global Carbon Cycle Workshop. Center for Global Environmental Research. Tsukuba, 1995. 139-145.
[2] Rotty R. Distribution of and changes in industrial carbon dioxide production. J Geophys Res, 1983, 88(C2): 1 301-1 308.
[3] Bolin B, Degens E T, Duvigneaud P, et al. The global biogeochemical carbon cycle. In:Bolin B, Degens E T, K empe S,et al, eds. The Global Carbon Cycle. SCOPE Rep 13. New York: John Wiley, 1979. 1-56.
[4] Degens E T, Kempe S, Spitey A. CO2: A biogeochemical portrait. In: Hutzinger, C O, ed. The Handbook of Environmental Chemical, Vol 1. Berlin: Spinger-Verlag, 1984. 127-251.
[5] Ludwig W, Probst J L, Kempe S. Predicting the oceanic input of organic carbon by continental erosion. Global Biogeo-chemistry Cycle, 1996, 10(1): 23-41.
[6] Siegenthaler U, Sarmiento J L. At mospheric carbon dioxide and the ocean. Nature, 1993, 365: 119-125.
[7] Sarmiento J L, Sundquist E T. Revised budget for the oceanic uptake of anthropogenic carbon dioxide. Nature, 1992, 356:589-593.
[8] Detwiler R P, Hall C A S. Tropical forests and the global carbon cycle. Science, 1988, 239: 42-47.
[9] Kempe S. Sinks of the anthropogenically enhanced carbon cycle in surface fresh waters. J Geophys Res, 1984, 89(D3): 4 657-4 676.
[10] Degens E T, ed. Transport of Carbon and Minerals in Major World Rivers, Vol 1. Mitt Geol-Palaont Inst Univ Hamburg, SCOPE/ UNEP Sonderbd, 52. Universitat Hamburg, 1982. 766.
[11] Degens E T, Kempe S, Soliman S, eds. Transport of Carbon and Minerals in Major World Rivers Vol 2. Mitt Geol-Palaont Inst Univ Hamburg, SCOPE/UNEP Sonderbd, 55. Universitat Hamburg, 1983. 645.
[12] Degens E T, Kempe S, Herrera R, eds. Transport of Carbon and Minerals in Major World Rivers Vol 3. Mitt Geol-Palaont Inst Univ Hamburg, SCOPE/UNEP Sonderbd, 58. Universitat Hamburg, 1985.
[13] Degens E T, Kempe S, Gan W, eds. Transport of Carbon and Minerals in Major World Rivers Vol 4. Mitt Geol-Palaont Inst Univ Hamburg, SCOPE/UNEP Sonderbd, 64. Universitat Hamburg, 1987.
[14] Degens E T, Kempe, S, Naidu A S, eds. Transport of Carbon and Minerals in Major World Rivers Vol 5. Mitt Geol-Palaont Inst Univ Hamburg, SCOPE/UNEP Sonderbd, 66. Un iversitat Hamburg, 1988. 422.
[15] Kempe S, Eismad D, Degens E T, eds. Transport of Carbon and Minerals in Major World Rivers Vol 6. Mitt Geol-Palaont Inst Univ Hamburg, SCOPE/UNEP Sonderbd, 74. Universitat Hamburg, 1993. 319.
[16] Suchet P A, Probst J L. A global model for present-day at mospheric/soil CO2 consumption by chemical erosion of continental rocks(GEM-CO2). Tellus, 1995, 47B(1/2): 273-280.
[17] Probst J L, Mortatti J, Tardy Y. Carbon river fluxes and weathering CO2 consumption in Congo and Amazon river basins.Applied Geochemistry,1994,3:1-13.
[18] Probst J L,Suchet P A. Fluvial suspended sediment transport and mechanical erosion in the Maghreb(North Africa). Hydrol Sci J, 1992, 37: 621- 637.
[19] Cauwet G, Mackenzie F T. Carbon inputs and distribution in estuaries of turbid rivers: the Yang Tze and Yellow Rivers (China). Marine Chemistry, 1993, 43: 235-246.
[20] Schlesinger W H, Melack J M. Transport of organic carbon in the world's rivers. Tellus, 1981, 33: 172-187.
[21] Mantoura R F, Woodward E M. Conservative behavior of riverine dissolved organic carbon in the Severn Estuary: Chemical and geochemical implications. Geochim Cosmochim Acta, 1983, 47: 1 293-1 309.
[22] Gibbs R J. Report on the Workshop Held on River Interaction with the Ocean (RIO) held at Essington, Pennsylvania, USA , June 4-5, 1979. Sponsored by NSF, 1979. 99.
[23] Ittekkot V. Global trends in the nature of organic matter in river suspensions. Nature, 1988, 332: 436-438.
[24] Sharp J H. Size classes of organic carbon in seawater. Limnol Oceanorg, 1973, 18(3): 441- 447.
[25] Cauwet G. 无生命的颗粒物质. 见: Duursma E K, Dawson R 主编. 海洋有机化学. 纪明侯, 钱佐国等译. 北京: 海洋出版社, 1992. 89-114.
[26] Fisher S G. Organic matter processing by a stream-segment ecosystem: Fort River, Massachusetts, USA. Int Revue Ges Hydrobiol, 1977, 62: 701-727.
[27] Meybeck M. Carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus transport by world rivers. Am J Sci, 1982, 282: 401-450.
[28] Deptris P J, Kempe S. The impact of the EL Nino 1982 event on the Parana River, it's discharge and carbon transport. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeocol,1992, 89:239-244.
[29] Wetzel R G, Rich P H. Carbon in freshwater systems. Brookhaben Symposium in Biology, 1973, 24: 241-263.
[30] Malcom R L, Durum W H. Organic carbon and nitrogen concentrations and annual organic carbon load of six selected rivers of the US. US Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper, 1976, 1817F: 1-21.
[31] Milliman J D, Meade R H. World-wide delivery of river sediment to the oceans. J Geol, 1983, 99: 1-21.
[32] Gan W B, Chen H M, Han Y F. Carbon transport by the Yangtse(at Nanjing) and Huanghe(at Jinan) rivers, China. In: Degens E T, Kempe S, Soliman S, eds. Transport of Carbon and Minerals in Major World Rivers, Vol 2. Mitt Geol-Palaont Inst Univ Hamburg, SCOPE/UNEP Sonderbd, 55. Universitat Hamburg, 1983. 459-470.
[33] Zhang S, Gan W B, Ittekkot V. Organic matter in large turbid rivers: Huanghe and its estuary. Marine Chemistry, 1992,38:53-68.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
甘公网安备62010202000687
