THE EARLY DEVONIAN POSONGCHONG FLORA OF YUNNAN, CHINA——A WINDOW FOR RESEARCH ON EVOLUTION AND DIVERSITY OF EARLY LAND VASCULAR PLANTS
Received date: 2002-12-25
Revised date: 2003-06-12
Online published: 2003-12-01
The paper presents a brief summary of current knowledge on the Early Devonian Posongchong flora, with its age, floral components and features discussed. Researches indicate that, within a background of less complex, cosmopolitan zosterophyll and trimerophyll taxa, the Posongchong flora has some plants with complex combination of morphological and structural characters, showing more advanced level of fertile and sterile organs than those found in contemporaneous land vascular plants from Laurussia. The long isolation in the different phytogeographical units([WTBX]i.e[WTBZ]. the northeastern Gondwana unit and south China subunit during the Early Devonian) and different environment may result in the evolution and diversify of numerous endemics. Researches of the Posongchong flora indicate that south China may have been one of the centers of radiation of early land vascular plants.
Key words： Yunnan; Early Devonian; Posongchong formation; Early land vascular plant; Evolution.
Hao Shougang, Wang Deming . THE EARLY DEVONIAN POSONGCHONG FLORA OF YUNNAN, CHINA——A WINDOW FOR RESEARCH ON EVOLUTION AND DIVERSITY OF EARLY LAND VASCULAR PLANTS [J]. Advances in Earth Science, 2003 , 18(6) : 877 -883 . DOI: 10.11867/j.issn.1001-8166.2003.06.0877
[1] Banks H P. The early history of land plants[A]. In: Drake E, ed. Evolution and Environment: A Symposium Presented on the One Hundredth Anniversary of the Foundation of the Peabody Museum of Natural History at Yale University [C]. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1968. 73-107.
[2] Tims J D, Chambers T C. Rhyniophytina and Trimerophytina from the early land flora of Victoria, Australia[J]. Palaeontology, 1984, 27: 265-279.
[3] Meyer-Berthaud B, Gerrienne P. Aarabia, a new Early Devonian vascular plant from Africa (Morocco)[J]. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2001, 116: 39-53.
[4] Edwards D. Charting diversity in early land plants: Some challenges for the Next Millennium[A]. In: Iwatsuki K, Raven P H, eds. Evolution and diversification of land plants[C].Tokyo: The Botanical Society of Japan, Springer 1997. 3-26.
[5] Liao Weihua, Xu Hankui, Wang Chengyuan, et al. The subdivision and correlation of the Devonian stratigraphy of Southwest China[A]. In: Institute of Geology and Mineral of Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, ed. Devonian System of South China[C]. Beijing: Geology Press, 1978. 193-213.[廖卫华, 许汉奎, 王成源, 等. 西南地区泥盆纪地层的划分与对比[A]. 见:中国地质科学院地质矿产研究所主编. 华南泥盆系会议论文集[C]. 北京: 地质出版社, 1978. 193-213.]
[6] Hao Shougang, Gensel P G. The Posongchong Floral Assemblages of Southeast Yunnan, China-Diversity and Disparity in Early Devonian Plant Assemblages[A]. In: Gensel P G, Edwards D, eds. Plants Invade the Land: Evolutionary and Environmental Considerations[C]. New York: Columbia University Press, 2001. 103-119.
[7] Hao Shougang. A new zosterophyll from the Lower Devonian (Siegenian) of Yunnan, China[J]. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 1989a, 57: 155-171.
[8] Wang Yi. Lower Devonian miospores from Gumu in the Wenshan District, southeast Yunnan[J]. Acta Micropalaeontology Sinica, 1994, 11: 319-332. [王怿. 滇东南文山古木早泥盆世孢子组合[J]. 微体古生物学报,1994, 11(3): 319-332.]
[9] Gerrienne P. A biostratigraphic method based on a quantification of fossil tracheophyte characters—Its application to the Lower Devonian Posongchong flora (Yunnan Province, China)[J]. Palaeobotanist, 1996, 45: 194-200.
[10] Penhallow D P. Additional notes on Devonian plants from Scotland[J]. Canadian Record of Science, 1892, 5: 1-13.
[11] Hueber F M, Banks H P. Psilophyton princeps: The search for organic connection[J]. Taxon, 1967, 16: 81-85.
[12] Lang W H, Cookson I C. On a flora, including vascular land plants, associated with Monograptus, in rocks of Silurian age, from Victoria, Australia[J]. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society, London, 1935, 224B: 421-449.
[13] Hao Shougang. Gumuia zyzzata─A new plant from the Lower Devonian of Yunnan, China[J]. Acta Botanica Sinica, 1989b, 31(12): 954-961. [郝守刚. 古木蕨——云南早泥盆世一植物新属[J]. 植物学报, 1989, 31(12): 954-961.]
[14] Zhu Weiqing, Kenrick P. A Zosterophyllum-like plant from the Lower Devonian of Yunnan Province, China[J]. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 1999, 105: 111-118.
[15] Li Chengsen, Edwards D. Demersatheca Li et Edwards, gen. nov., a new genus of early land plants from the Lower Devonian, Yunnan Province, China[J]. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 1996, 93: 77-88.
[16] Wang Deming, Hao Shougang. Guangnania cuneata gen. et sp. nov. from the Lower Devonian of Yunnan Province, China[J]. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2002, 122: 13-27.
[17] Hao Shougang, Wang Deming. Two species of Zosterophyllum Penhallow (Z. australianum Lang and Cookson, Z. ramosum sp. nov.) from the Lower Devonian (Pragian) of southeast Yunnan, China[J]. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 2000, 39(suppl.): 26-41.
[18] Banks H P. Floral assemblages in the Siluro-Devonian[A]. In: Dilcher D L, Taylor T N, eds. Biostratigraphy of Fossil Plants, Stroudsburg, Pa: Dowden, Hutchinson and Ross, 1980. 1-24.
[19] Niklas K J, Banks H P. A reevaluation of the Zosterophyllophytina with comments on the origin of lycopods[J]. American Journal of Botany, 1990, 77(2): 274-283.
[20] Banks H P. The classification of early land plants-revisited[J]. Geophytology, 1992, 22: 49-63.
[21] Kenrick P, Crane P R. The Origin and Early Diversification of Land Plants: A Cladistic Study[M]. Washington DC: Smithsonian Institute Press, 1997. 1-441.
[22] Li Chengsen, Edwards D. A new microphyllous plant from the Lower Devonian of Yunnan Province, China[J]. American Journal of Botany, 1997, 84 (10): 1 441-1 448.
[23] Hao Shougang, Gensel P G. Some new plant finds from the Posongchong Formation of Yunnan, and consideration of a phytogeographic similarity between South China and Australia during the Early Devonian[J]. Science in China (D), 1998, 41(1): 1-13.
[24] Li Chengsen, Hueber F M. Cervicornus wenshanensis, gen. et sp. nov, a Pragian (Early Devonian) plant with forked leaves from Yunnan, China[J]. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2000, 109: 113-119.
[25] Göppert H R. Fossile Flora des übergangsgebirges[J]. Nova Acta Leopoldiana, 1852, 22: 1-299.
[26] Hueber F M. A new species of Baragwanathia from the Sextant Formation (Emsian) Northern Ontario, Canada[J]. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 1983, 86: 57-79.
[27] Geng Baoyin. Stachyophyton gen. nov. discovers from Lower Devonian of Yunnan and its significance[J]. Acta Botanica Sinica, 1983, 25(6): 572-579.[耿宝印. 云南早泥盆世穗蕨 (新属) 的发现及意义[J]. 植物学报, 1983, 25(6): 572-579. ]
[28] Wang Yi, Cai Chongyang. Further observation on Stachyophyton yunnanense Geng from Posongchong Formation (Siegenian) of SE Yunnan, China[J]. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica, 1996, 35(1): 99-108.[王怿, 蔡重阳. 滇东南早泥盆世云南穗蕨(Stachyophyton yunnanense Geng)的再研究[J]. 古生物学报, 1996, 35(1): 99-108.]
[29] Li Chengsen. Review on the origin and early evolution of lycopods[J]. Yushania, 1992, 9: 185-194.[李承森. 石松类的起源和早期演化[J]. 玉山生物学报,1992, 9:185-194.]
[30] Li Chengsen, Edwards D. A new genus of early land plants with novel strobilar construction from the Lower Devonian Posongchong Formation, Yunnan province, China[J]. Palaeontology, 1992, 35(2): 257-272.
[31] Kenrick P, Edwards D. The anatomy of Lower Devonian Gosslingia breconensis Heard based on pyritized axes, with some comments on the permineralization process[J]. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 1988, 97: 95-123.
[32] Brauer D F. Barinophyton citrulliforme (Barinophytales incertae sedis, Barinophytaceae) from Upper Devonian of Pennsylvania[J]. American Journal of Botany, 1980, 67: 1 186-1 206.
[33] Hao Shougang, Beck C B. Further observations on Eophyllophyton bellum from the Lower Devonian (Siegenian) of Yunnan, China[J]. Palaeontographica,1993, 230B: 27-41.
[34] Li Chengsen. Hsüa robusta, an early Devonian plant from Yunnan province, China and its bearing on some structures of early land plants[J]. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 1992, 71: 121-147.
[35] Chaloner W G, Sheerin A. Devonian macrofloras[A]. In: House M R, Scrutton C T, Bassett M G, eds. The Palaeontological Association[C]. London: Special Papers in Palaeontology, 1979, 23: 145-161.
[36] Edwards D. Constraints on Silurian and early Devonian phytogeographic analysis based on megafossils[A]. In: McKerrow W S, Scotese C R, eds. Palaeozoic Palaeogeography and Biogeography[C]. London: The Geological Society, 1990, 12: 233-242.
[37] Hao Shougang, Beck C B. Yunia dichotoma, a Lower Devonian plant from Yunnan, China[J]. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 1991a, 68: 181-195.
[38] Hao Shougang, Gensel P G, Wang Deming. Polythecophyton demissum, gen. et sp. nov, a new plant from the Lower Devonian (Pragian age) of Yunnan, China and its phytogeographic significance[J]. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology, 2001, 116: 55-71.
[39] Raymond A, Parker W C, Barrett S F. Early Devonian Phytogeography, Geological Factors and the Evolution of Plants[M]. New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1985. 129-167.
[40] Garratt M J. New evidence for a Silurian (Ludlow) age for the earliest Baragwanathia flora[J]. Alcheringa, 1978, 2: 217-224.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
甘公网安备62010202000687
