Transportation system is the spatial carrier of human social and economic activities， and it facilitates the flow of productive and living elements and human mobility， which make transportation-region development interactions become an important topic in the field of human and economic geography. With the rapid development of Chinese high speed transportation system and the concept of people-centered transport planning， transport geography research in China has been working for the disciplinary development， interdisciplinary integration， employing data mining and multi-source technologies， focusing on disciplinary obstacles， study bottlenecks and national needs. This paper surveys theoretical and methodological advance on transportation-region development interactions， and it explains the innovative development for multi-scale， multi-layer， and multi-mode transport geography research. Major contribution can be summarized below： \mathrm{①} theoretical and methodological innovation in transport geography towards high-speed， networking， and complex changes， \mathrm{②} the interacting mechanism between transportation and the globe-region-local systems， \mathrm{③} urban science and organizational mechanism with the investigation of transportation big data. Based on the disciplinary theories and methods， research outputs have been useful for practical applications such as transportation infrastructure allocation and regional coordinated development， "Belt and Road Initiative" and cross-border connectivity， COVID-19 interventions and controls. These applications contribute to the development of transport geography， particularly under the strategy of "Building China's strength in Transportation".