In order to cooperate with 1∶ 50000 aeromagnetic survey work, master the rock magnetic characteristics and fill in the material blank of rock magnetic susceptibility data in southern Hotan Region in Xinjiang, we carried out regional rock magnetic susceptibility investigation work in the region from 2013 to 2015 years, completed properties measurement work of 331 points, obtained 10 256 effective volume magnetic susceptibility data and collected 270 pieces of rock samples. According to classified statistics in detail for the measured data and further analysis, we found that the magnetic susceptibility of this region rocks was mainly influenced by the mineral composition of rocks, structure and space-temporal distribution. The magnetic susceptibility of acid or medium-acid intrusive rocks was mainly decided by the content of the biotite in rocks, and the contribution of biotite to the magnetic susceptibility of acid or medium-acid intrusive rocks was higher than other super paramagnetic minerals. The magnetic susceptibility of the same lithology rocks was high along the distribution of deep fault, and was relatively low along the secondary fracture distribution. The magnetic susceptibility of acid or medium-acid intrusive rocks in early Paleozoic was higher than the magnetic susceptibility of acid or medium-acid intrusive rocks in the late Paleozoic. This research work can provide an important basis for the aeromagnetic data interpretation, geological prospecting and tectonic evolution research.