This paper thoroughly discussed the potential “Chemical Time Bombs(CTBs)” in soils of China by means of concept of “Chemical Time Bombs” which is popular in environmental sciences at present. Authors suggested that there are zonal potential CTBs in soils, including soil salinization and soil acidification, and azonal potential CTBs including fertilization, industrial pollution and some azonal soil-forming. Meanwhile, it analyzed the probably internal and external igniting factors, including soil organic matter, soil texture, soilcation exchangeable capacity, pH, Eh, saline movement, climate, soil degradation, mining and smelting and so on. Finally, authors put forward the targets and proposals of macroscopic and microcosmic research on CTBs in the future. Macroscopically, we ought to carry out (1) the soil survey of toxicity, (2) the analyses of igniting factors, (3) the monitoring of toxicity. Microscopically, we emphatically study the origin, migration paths and forms, the absorption and desorption mechanism of pollutants in problem soils, and model the processes of the fuse of CTBs.